内容正文:
英语句子类型之陈述句
英语中的句子按照其功能或用途分,主要包括:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
英语中的陈述句是用来陈述事实或表达观点的句子,从至关重要的信息到微小的细节,其句末一般用句号(.)。
作为最简单的信息交流方式,陈述句是英语中最常见的句子类型,而不是疑问句、感叹句和祈使句。
陈述句可分为肯定句和否定句两大类,其否定句一般是通过not来表达。如:
He is a student. / He is not a student.
He likes apples. / He does not like apples.
He can drive a car. / He cannot drive a car.
①定义:
用来叙述一件事情或表明说话人的看法、态度等,句末用“.”,朗读时用降调。
◣We all felt excited when China succeeded in launching its first manned spaceship.
当中国载人宇宙飞船发射成功后我们无比兴奋。
②分类:
肯定句(The Affirmative Sentence)否定句(The Negative Sentence)
◣The library is big enough to hold more than 5000 books.(肯定句)
那图书馆足够大可以容纳5000多册图书。
◣He cries and says he doesn't want to go to kindergarten.(否定句)
他哭着说他不要上幼儿园。
■陈述句的肯定形式:
分为两种:正常语序;倒装语序
①正常语序:
结构:主语+谓语+其他。
◣That boy often helps others.
那个男孩经常帮助别人。
◣I went to the cinema yesterday.
昨天我去看电影了。
②倒装语序:即谓语放在主语前面
当副词\介词短语(在句首)+谓语+主语
◣Here comes the bus !
公共汽车来了!
◣On the top of the mountain stands an old pine tree.
山顶上长着一颗古松。
陈述句的否定形式(学习的重点)
否定形式的结构:(1)在系动词、助动词、情态动词后直接加not,never。no通常用来否定名词或动名词。
①主语+系动词(am,is,are,was,were)+not
②主语+助动词(do、have)+not
③主语+情态动词(can,could,must,may,should,need)+not
◣I'm not a teacher.我不是老师。
◣We can not speak English well.
我们英语说得不是很好
◣I have never met him before.
我之前没有见过他。
◣I have not heard the latest news about the football match.
我没听到有关足球比赛的最新消息。
(2)谓语是实意动词,且谓语前没有助动词和情态动词
①主语+do/does/did+not+动词原形…
= 主语 + don't,doesn't,didn't + do
◣I don't mind your going with us.
我不介意你和我们一起去。
◣He does not like to live in a noisy city.
他不喜欢生活在喧闹的城市里。
◣He did not understand English at that time.他那时不懂英语。
◣We don't deny that your products are superior in quality to those of Japanese make.
我们不否认你们的产品在质量上优于日本生产的同类产品。
(3)如果句中含有否定意义的词汇,也可称为否定句 (学习的难点),此时,句中不用not
◣I never forgot my mother.
我从未忘记过我的母亲。
◣I have no money。我没钱。
◣Not everybody enjoys watching films.
并不是每个人都喜欢看电影。
◣Not everything goes well.
并不是一切都很顺利。
◣She'd lowered her voice until it was barely audible.
她把嗓音压低到几乎听不见。
◣He seldom eats breakfast.
他很少吃早餐。
◣None of them could afford £ 50 for a tick