内容正文:
专题七 非谓语动词
考查内容
年份/地区 不定式 动名词/现在分词 过去分词
2023 云南 9题: to prepare — —
2022 云南 26题:to improve — —
昆明 32题:to get;74题:to develop — —
考查内容
年份/地区 不定式 动名词/现在分词 过去分词
2021 云南 26题:to protect 68题:play-playing —
昆明 31题:to manage 71题:listen-listening 69题:name-named
考查内容
年份/地区 不定式 动名词/现在分词 过去分词
2020 云南 30题:for us to wear — —
2020 昆明 31题:protect; 70 题:is-to be 74题:wait-waiting —
考查内容
年份/地区 不定式 动名词/现在分词 过去分词
2019 云南 67题:discover-to discover —
昆明 70题:relax-to relax 31题:visiting; 73题:watching —
曲靖 — — 37题:left
一、动词不定式
动词不定式主要在单项填空中考查,偶尔也会在汉译英和词形填空中考查。昆明卷还常与动词词义辨析结合考查。主要考查动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语的用法。例如:
(2023云南)9.Today is Father’s Day, and I plan dinner for my father.
A.to prepare B.preparing
C.prepared D.prepare
(2019云南)67.It is said that an ancient Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first tea as a drink.(discover)
(2021昆明)31.It is necessary to learn time and make good use of every minute.
A.to manage B.managing
C.to lose D.losing
二、动名词与现在分词
动名词和现在分词虽然形式一样,但句法功能和表达的含义并不一样。在考试中,动名词做介词宾语和一些特殊动词的宾语考查较多,比如mind, have fun, enjoy等,而现在分词做定语、宾补考查较多。例如:
(2021云南)68.The young should do meaningful things instead of with phones all day.(play)
(2018曲靖)26.—When I saw my father for me on a cold winter night, I couldn’t keep back my tears.
—So it is. Father’s love speaks louder than words all the time.
A.wait B.waited
C.to wait D.waiting
(2019昆明)31.Yunnan Museum is such an interesting place that many kids have fun it.
A.visiting B.to visit
C.reading D.to read
三、过去分词
过去分词考查不多,分别在2021年昆明卷和2019年曲靖卷中考查做定语和补语的用法。参见分词的句法功能。
考点 1 动词不定式的句法功能
功能 例句 说明
主语 To speak English is not easy for us.
= It is not easy for us to speak English. 作主语用的不定式,常常用it作形式主语,而把不定式放在后面。
功能 例句 说明
表语 My work is to clean the room every day.
=To clean the room every day is my work. 多数情况下,不定式作表语,可转换为作主语。
功能 例句 说明
宾语 —What sports does he like to play?
—He likes to play basketball. 只能作某些动词的宾语,一般不作介词的宾语。
功能 例句 说明
宾补 She asked me not to speak Chinese in Engl