2024年仁爱科普版中考英语专题复习定语从句专讲 课件

初中定语从句讲解 在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句，所以，也称作形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。 什么是定语从句呢？ 修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子 定语从句的分类     根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。 关系词 关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词: when, where, why 关系代词： 指物：that which 指人：who (主/宾格) that whom（宾格） 关系代词that, which引导的定语从句: 如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用that、which. (作主语或宾语) that 指物，有时候也指人，在从句中作主语或者宾语 which 只能指物，不能指人，在从句中作主语或者宾语 关系代词who, that, whom引导的定语从句: 如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who, that (作主语或宾语) whom (作宾语) which 和 that 做宾语可以省略 This is the card.这是那张卡片。 I’ve just received the card. 我刚收到那张卡片。 这就是我刚收到的那张卡片。 This is the card _____________I’ve just received. which/that The boy _________________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.那个在打乒乓球的男孩是我的同学 The e-mail ______________ I received yesterday was from my sister.昨天我收到的那份邮件是我妹妹寄的 who / that which/ that 9 I hate people ______________ talk much but do little. 我讨厌那种说的多做的少的人 The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful. 我爸爸上个月买的那辆车很漂亮 who / that which / that 10 在下列情况下只能用which，不能用that（两者使用的区别） ① that仅用在限制性定语从句中，通常不用逗号隔开， which既可用在限制性定语从句中，作宾语或介词宾语时，which可以省去，也可用在非限制性定语从句中（也就是有用逗号隔开）。 which引导的非限制性定语从句可以修饰前面的整个主句，相当于and this。 他改变了主意，使我很生气。 He changed his mind, which made me angry. 吉姆通过了驾驶考试，这使大家都感到惊讶 Jim passed his driving test, which surprised everybody. (定语从句修饰的是整个主句，而不是the driving test） ②关系代词直接放在介词后面时，要用which Read the passage to which I referred in my talk. 读一下我在演讲中提到过的那段文章。 His new car, for which he paid ￡7000, has already had to be repaired. 他花700英镑买来的那辆新车已经不得不修理了。 只能用that不能用which 的情况 ①当先行词是 all, any, few, little, much ,no, every, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody, nobody, everyone, no one 或被它们修饰时。 那就是我所知道的一切。 That’s all that I know. 我能为你做点什么？ Is there anything that I can do for you? 他回答了一些老师提问的问题 He answered few questions that the teache