Unit 11 Section A Grammar Focus 课件 2023-2024学年人教版英语七年级下册

Unit 11　How was your school trip? 　Grammar Focus 教 材 链 接 How was your school trip？ It was great！ Did you go to the zoo？ No, I didn't. I went to a farm. Did you see any cows？ Yes, I did. I saw quite a lot. Did Carol ride a horse？ No, she didn't. But she milked a cow. Were the strawberries good？ Yes, they were./No, they weren't. 语法专题 语 法 详 解 一般过去时(Ⅰ) 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。 1．动词过去式的构成 (1)规则动词过去式的变化规则 一般情况，直接加-ed play→played　call→called 以e结尾的动词，直接加-d live→lived　arrive→arrived 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写辅音字母再加-ed stop→stopped　shop→shopped 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed worry→worried　study→studied (2)不规则动词的过去式变化各异，没有统一的规则，需要特别记忆。但并非一点儿规律都没有，下列是一部分动词过去式的记忆规律： ◆ 动词过去式与动词原形一样：let→let, put→put, cut→cut ◆ 遇见i改为a: swim→swam, sing→sang, begin→began ◆ 过去式以ought和aught结尾的动词：bring→brought, buy→bought, think→thought, teach→taught ◆ 中间去e，末尾加t：feel→felt, keep→kept, sleep→slept, sweep→swept ◆ 变i为o: ride→rode, write→wrote, drive→drove ◆ ow/aw变为ew: know→knew, grow→grew, throw→threw, draw→drew ◆ 以d结尾的词，变d为t：build→built, lend→lent, send→sent, spend→spent ◆ be动词的过去式有两种，主语是第一、三人称单数用was，其他用were。 　还有一些需要特殊记忆的不规则变形：come→came, run→ran, take→took, make→made, leave→left, go→went, see→saw等。 2．一般过去时的句式结构 (1)含be动词的一般过去时的句式 肯定句 主语＋was/were＋其他． The movie was funny. 那个电影很有趣。 否定句 主语＋was not(wasn't)/were not(weren't) ＋其他． I wasn't at home last week. 我上周不在家。 一般疑问句 Was/Were＋主语＋其他？ —Were you late for school yesterday? 昨天你上学迟到了吗？ —Yes, I was. /No, I wasn't. 是的，我迟到了。/不，我没有迟到。 肯定回答：Yes，主语＋was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语＋wasn't/weren't. 特殊疑问句 疑问词＋was/were＋主语＋其他？ How was the weather yesterday? 昨天的天气怎么样？ (2)含实义动词的一般过去时的句式 肯定句 主语＋动词过去式＋其他．   I had a good time last night. 昨天晚上我玩得很开心。 一般疑问句 Did＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？ —Did John pick apples yesterday? 约翰昨天摘苹果了吗？ —Yes, he did. /No, he didn't. 是的，他摘了。/不，他没摘。 肯定回答：Yes，主语＋did. 否定回答：No, 主语＋didn't. 特殊疑问句 疑问词＋did＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？ Where did he buy the book? 他在哪里买的这本书？ 3.一般过去时的时间状语 一般过去时的时间标志词有yesterday, yesterday morning, last week, last month, just now，“in＋