Unit 3 The world online课时学案二 2023-2024学年高中英语译林版（2020）必修第三册

第三册 Unit 3 The world online 课时练二 Grammar 动名词作定语、状语、宾语补足语 I.V-ing 形式是非谓语动词的形式之一，它在句中不能做谓语，但是可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。其时态和语态形式如下（以do为例）： 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done (1) 动名词的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生或发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后。 I saw them chatting in the shade of a large tree. (同时) We met a traffic accident, causing the delay.(稍后) (2) 动名词的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 She didn’t remember having met him before. Having been played tricks on many times, she now doesn’t believe Joe. II.V-ing形式作定语 (1)动名词作定语，表示名词的作用或用途。 There is a swimming pool. Students are not permitted to speak aloud in the reading room. (2)动名词作定语，表示所修饰词的动作或状态，被修饰词与现在分词存在主动关系。 a sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping The boys gathering at the school gate are my classmates. III.V-ing形式作状语 (1)现在分词作状语时，有时态和语态的变化（以do为例）： ①doing和 being done 都表示分词动作与谓语动词几乎同时发生，但doing表示分词动作与主语是主谓关系，being done表示分词动作与主语是动宾关系。 ②having done 和having been done 都表示分词动作先于谓语动词发生，但having done表示分词的动作与主语是主谓关系且发生在谓语动词之前；having been done表示分词的动作与主语是动宾关系且发生在谓语动词之前。 Approaching the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. Having spent the past year as an exchange student , Linda appears more mature now. Being talked to, you should looked into the eyes of the person. (2)现在分词作状语的类型 原因 Being tired, I stopped to have a rest. 条件 Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to the hospital. 让步 Admitting what she has said, I still think she hasn’t tried her best. 时间 Hearing the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai. 结果 The old scientist died all of a sudden, leaving the project unfinished. 方式 Please answer the question using another way. 伴随 I stood there. Waiting for her. (3)现在分词作状语时需要注意的问题 ①现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语一般与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，需要在分词前面加上它自己的逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语的现在分词被称作独立主格结构。 Turning around, we saw an old woman walking toward the river. The cooling wind swept through our bedroom window, making air conditioning unnecessary. Nobody having any more to say, the deal was closed. Wea