内容正文:
年级下册·五四制 东营专用
英 语
Unit 8 What are the shirts made of?
语法专题
1. 被动语态的谓语构成及句式
(1)被动语态的谓语构成:be(am/is/are)+及物动词的过去分词。例如:
He is asked to study hard.他被要求努力学习。
(2)被动语态在各种句式中的运用:
①肯定句:主语+系动词be(am/is/are)+及物动词的过去分词(+by短
语)+其他。
②否定句:主语+系动词be(am/is/are)+not+及物动词的过去分词(+by
短语)+其他。
一般现在时的被动语态
英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态表示主语为动作的执行
者,被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者。本单元我们主要学习一般现在时的被动
语态。
③一般疑问句:系动词Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+
by短语)+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+系动词be(am/is/are)。
否定回答:No,主语+系动词be(am/is/are)+not。
④特殊疑问句:疑问词(不作主语)+系动词be(am/is/are)+主语+及物
动词的过去分词(+by短语)+其他?
2. 被动语态的用法
(1)强调动作的承受者(有时用by短语来强调动作的执行者)。例如:
Mary is made monitor of the class.玛丽被选为班长。
(2)不知道或不必说出动作的执行者。例如:
His car was stolen last night.他的小汽车昨晚被偷了。
3. 主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
Everyone loves him.大家都爱他。→He is loved by everyone.他受到大
家的爱戴。
(2)把谓语动词变成被动结构(be+过去分词),根据被动语态句子里的
主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be动词的形式。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。
例如:
All the people laughed at her.→She was laughed at by all the people.所有的人都
嘲笑她。
【注意】如果主句中有两个宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语),可以把其中任意
一个变成被动句的主语。如:
My teacher gives me a book.→I am given a book by my teacher.→A book is given
to me by my teacher.我的老师给了我一本书。
用所给动词的适当形式填空
China is famous for tea.Tea 1. (produce) in many different
places in China.For example,Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea.As
far as we know,plants 2. (grow) on the sides of mountains.When
the leaves are ready,they 3. (pick) by hand and then 4.
(send) for processing.Then the tea 5. (pack) and sent to many
different countries and places around China.It seems that people all over the world
drink Chinese tea.Because tea is good for both health and business.
is produced
are grown
are picked
are sent
is packed
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