专题15 虚拟语气 - 2024届高考英语极简语法思维导图与提升专练

【第十五章 虚拟语气例句】 基本句式： If everyone knew first aid, many lives would be saved. (与现在事实相反) If the earthquake had happened in the desert, there would have been fewer deaths. (与过去事实相反) If I were to have an eight-day holiday, I would go fishing. (与将来事实相反) 错综时间虚拟： If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. （条件为过去，结果为现在） If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. （条件为过去，结果为将来） Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. I would have come to see you, but I was too busy. 含蓄虚拟： But for his help, we would be working now. Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. I was busy yesterday, otherwise/or (=If I hadn’t been busy) I would have attended Mr. Wang’s lecture. 陈述事实 + otherwise + 虚拟语气 虚拟语气 + but +陈述事实 虚拟语气在其它状语从句中的应用 目的状语从句中的虚拟语气 1. 在for fear that, in case引导的目的状语从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为：should /could/ might等 + 动词原形；lest引导的目的状语从句，谓语动词用虚拟语气，为“should + 动词原形”或省略should。 She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in. He started out earlier lest he should be late. Bring some money in case you should use it. 在so that, in order that所引导的目的状语从句中，从句中的谓语为：can / may / could / might / will / would / should + 动词原形。 He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. He read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word. 2. 让步状语从句中的虚拟语气：在even if, even though 所引导的让步状语从句中，可用虚拟语气，主句、从句的结构与if所引导的条件从句结构相同。如： Even if he were here himself, he should not know what to do. 3. 方式状语从句中的虚拟语气：as if, as though引导的方式状语从句常用虚拟语气。 表示与现在事实不相符，用一般过去时 The teacher treats the pupil as if he were her own child. 表示与过去事实不相符，用过去完成时 I felt as though we had known each other for years. 表示与将来事实不相符，用would/might/could/should + 动词原形 It looks as if it might rain. （不大可能下雨） 宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1. wish I wish that I had a plane. I wish I had been to the concert last night. I wish he would forgive me. 2. would rather/ had rather/ would sooner宁愿 I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday. I