Unit 1 Section 3 Grammar—过去分词作状语-【赢在微点】轻松课堂2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（外研版）

Section 3　Grammar—过去分词作状语 先会观察　　悟考点 课前观察　　自主领悟 语法图解 观察句子 1．Absorbed in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching. 2．Ordered over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now. 3．She sat by the window, lost in thought. 4．If taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects. 5．The teacher came in, followed by some students. 6．When offered help, one often says “Thank you” or “It is kind of you”． 7．He dived into the deep sea, filled with hope and fears. 8．The old man entered the room, supported by his son. 9．Though caught cheating in the exam, he wasn't punished by the teacher. 我的领悟 1．句首用过去分词相当于状语从句，表示原因、时间、条件或让步。1,2表示原因，4表示条件，6表示时间，9表示让步。 2．句中用过去分词做方式或伴随状语。3,5,7表示伴随，5,8表示方式。 精讲细点　　通语法 语法课堂　　高效学习 一、句首作状语 1．句首用过去分词的条件：与后句同一主语，且表示被动。 2．作用：相当于一个状语从句，可以表示时间、条件、让步或原因的状语从句。 3．为了表示强调，有时过去分词前面带有连词，是状语从句的省略结构，即“while/when/unless/if/once/though/although＋过去分词”形式，它们都可以转换成相应的状语从句。句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上仍是被动关系。 ①When accompanied by their parents, children are allowed to enter the stadium. (时间状语；同一主语children，孩子们被陪伴，所以用accompanied。) 在父母的陪同下，孩子们可以进入体育场。 ②If used correctly, ordinary soap can deal with bacteria effectively.(条件状语；同一主语ordinary soap，香皂被使用，所以用used。) 如果被正确使用，普通肥皂可以有效地对付细菌。 ③Though defeated many times, she didn't give up. (让步状语；同一主语she，她被打败，所以用defeated。) 尽管多次被打败，她并没有放弃。 4．有时为了强调先发生的动作，先发生的动作也可用having been done。 ①Having been asked many times, he had no choice but to tell me the truth. 被问了很多次之后，他别无选择，只好把真相告诉了我。 ②Having been bitten twice, he refused to enter the yard.已经被咬过两次，他拒绝进入院子。 二、句中作状语 1．条件：与句子同一主语，且与主语之间为被动关系。 2．作用：作伴随或方式状语。 ①The actress came in, followed by her fans. 那位女演员进来了，后面跟着她的歌迷。 ②He stood there silently, moved to tears. 他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。 三、形容词化的过去分词 形容词化的过去分词短语中的动词没有被动意义，而是由一些含be动词的短语或系表结构转换而来。学过的能够用于这种结构的常见短语有：be interested in, be well known as, be dressed in, be determined to do, be absorbed in, be fascinated by, be addicted to, be devoted to, be engaged in等。 ①Interested in English, he made rapid progress. 由于对英语感兴趣，他取得了很快的进步。