UNIT 3 Section Ⅳ LESSON 3-【金版新学案】2023-2024学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅳ　LESSON 3 UNIT 3 CONSERVATION 互 动 探 究 语 篇 全 解 夯 实 双 基 语 篇 理 解 课 时 精 练 内 容 索 引 语　篇　理　解 索引 Step One: Pre-reading 1．What happened in the picture? ____________________________________ 2．What's your feeling about this? ____________________________________ Traffic jam. I feel anxious, angry and helpless. Step Two: While-reading 1．Read for the main idea What does the text mainly talk about? The main idea of the passage is_______________________________________ ___________________________． the problems that cars cause to people and the climate and possible solutions 2. Read for the structure Read through the text and fill in the blanks. The Road to Destruction gone up average cause legs transport Think Share action 3．Read for details Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. (1)By how much has the number of cars on the roads gone up in the last twenty years? A．5%.　 　 B．15%.　 　 C．20%.　 　 D．25%. (2)Which one of the following is not caused by traffic? A．Many deaths in vehicle accidents. B．Global warming and climate change. C．Some species' dying out. D．Air pollution. √ √ (3)What's the advantage of taking public transport? A．Saving your time. B．Helping you live longer. C．Keeping you fit. D．Relaxing yourself. (4)What can we infer about the writer from the last paragraph of Part 2? A．He can't go without cars. B．He has a beautiful daughter. C．He gives his son a busy schedule. D．He will take action immediately. √ √ Step Three：Post-reading 1．难句解构 (1)句式分析　Traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change，as car engines produce various types of greenhouse gases. 尝试翻译　______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 交通是全球变暖和气候变化的主要原因之一，因为汽车发动机 会产生各种类型的温室气体。 原因状语从句 (2)句式分析　________________________ ， think about _______________ _______________________． 尝试翻译　____________________________________________ Before you get into your car need to make that journey 在你上车之前，想想你是否真的需要踏上旅程。 时间状语从句 宾语从句 whether you really 2．语言赏析 (1)赏用词之美 To be frank, I'm addicted to my car. be addicted to表达了作者对汽车的依赖程度之深。 (2)析意境之妙 How often have you heard these conversations? How often do we get stuck in traffic jams? How often do we arrive at work or school，stressed out, tired and angry? 连用三个how often结构工整，表达了此种对话之常见，以及作者的厌烦。 索引 语 篇 全 解 索引 ①roadworks /'rəʊdwɜːks/ n．道路施工 名师圈点 THE ROAD TO DESTRUCTION Part 1 “This morning, it took me 40 minutes to go downtown. More roadworks① on the A10！” “Oh really? It took me over an hour.There was an accident on the M11.” 原文呈现 ②anger /'æŋɡə/ n．愤怒；怒气 anger at...对……的怒气 in anger气愤地 be filled with anger/be full of anger满腔 怒火 angry adj. 发怒的，生气的 ③be nothing compared to... 与……相比不值一提 ④figure n．(代表数量，尤指官方资料中的)数字 名师圈点 How often have you heard these conversations? How often do we get stuck in traffic jams? How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out, tired and angry? For many people, the answer is every day. But personal anger② and stress are nothing compared to③ the real costs socially. Here are some figures④ about Britain： 原文呈现 画线部分为形容词(短语)作状语，表示主语的状态。 ⑤decade /'dekeɪd/ n. 十年，十年期 in/over the past/last decade 在过去十年里 ⑥average n．平均数 ⑦greenhouse gas n．温室气体 gas /ɡæs/ n．气，气体 ⑧cancer /'kænsə/ n．癌症 ⑨be related to(＝be connected/linked to)与……有关联 relate /rɪ'leɪt/ vi．相联系，有关联 名师圈点 •In the last 20 years, the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%. There are now 32 million cars. •Over the last decade⑤，an average⑥ of 2，500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents. •Traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change, as car engines produce various types of greenhouse gases⑦. •Almost 30, 000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution. •Some types of cancer⑧ are related to⑨traffic pollution. 原文呈现 ⑩make excuses 找借口 ⑪be addicted to 沉迷于(to为介词) 名师圈点 Part 2 We know that cars are bad for us. But we all make excuses⑩：“The buses are terrible”；“The trains are always late”；“I haven't got time to walk”．I'm talking about myself, too. To be frank, I'm addicted to⑪ my car. When I asked a friend working for a green-living organisation for advice about how to give up, she told me five things： 原文呈现 ⑫regular /'reɡjələ/ adj．定期的，有规律的regularly adv. 有规律地；经常 ⑬cut the risk of... 降低……的风险 名师圈点 •Use your legs. In 2014, over 55% of car journeys were under eight kilometres. Instead of taking short car journeys, we could easily walk or cycle. Leg power can save your money, keep you fit and help you live longer. Regular⑫ exercise also cuts the risk of ⑬ heart disease by 50%! 原文呈现 ⑭so what? 那又怎么样？(认为某事无关紧要，尤用于反驳他人的指责时) ⑮around the corner 很近，在附近 名师圈点 •Use public transport. Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars. Sometimes it can take a little bit longer, but so what⑭？You can relax, read a book, talk to someone—who knows? •Think before you go.Do you really have to go to that shopping centre on the other side of town? What about the shops around the corner⑮？ Before you get into your car, think about whether you really need to make that journey. 原文呈现 ⑯speed limit 限速 ⑰suit /sjuːt/ vt．适合；n.套装 ⑱sit around/about 无所事事地消磨时间，闲坐 名师圈点 •Share cars. If you really have to use a car, share journeys with someone else. It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment. •Take action! We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise, pollution and danger of traffic. There is. If your street is full of heavy traffic, talk to your neighbours about it. Write to the papers. Go to the city government. Ask for a speed limit⑯. Do whichever of these things that suit⑰ you. Don't just sit around⑱ and complain! 原文呈现 ⑲horrible adj. 极坏的，十分讨厌的 名师圈点 All quite simple, isn't it? Five easy ways to improve our environment. Well, I'm sorry I have to finish this article, but I've got to pick up my daughter from school at 4 pm. Then I've got to drive to the supermarket to do the shopping. After that, I have to take my son to a party. The traffic is going to be horrible⑲， but what can I do? 原文呈现 译文参考 毁灭之路 第1部分 “今天早上，我花了40分钟去市中心。A10公路上的很多地方在施 工！” “真的吗？我花了一个多小时。M11公路上发生了一起事故。” 你每隔多久会听到这样的对话？有多少次我们陷于交通堵塞之中？又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或学校时感到心力交瘁、疲惫又愤怒？对很多人来说，答案是每天。但是和真正的社会损失相比，个人的愤怒和焦虑根本不值一提。以下是一些关于英国的数据： •在过去的20年里，道路上的汽车数量增加了25%。现在有3 200万辆汽车。 •在过去十年中，平均每年有2 500人死于交通事故。 •交通是全球变暖和气候变化的主要原因之一，因为汽车发动机会产生各类温室气体。 •每年有近3万人死于空气污染。 •多种癌症与交通污染有关。 第2部分 我们知道汽车会带来危害，但总能找到借口：“公共汽车很糟糕”；“火车总是晚点”；“我没有时间走路”。我说的也包括我自己。坦率地说，我离不开我的车。当我向一位在绿色生活组织工作的朋友询问如何放弃汽车时，她给了五条建议： •走路。2014年，超过55%的汽车行程不到8公里。可以轻易地用走路或骑行来代替短途的开车出行。利用脚力行走可以省钱，保持健康并帮助延长寿命。经常锻炼也能降低50%患心脏病的风险！ •使用公共交通工具。一辆公共汽车最多可以乘坐90人，而乘坐小轿车这些人至少需要18辆车。有时坐公共汽车可能需要更长的时间，但那又怎样？你可以放松一下、读一本书、和别人交谈——谁知道呢？ •出发之前先想想。你真的必须去镇上另一边的那个购物中心吗？拐角处的商店怎么样？在上车之前，想想你是否真的需要去那个地方。 •共享汽车。如果不得不用车，与其他人共用一辆车。这样更便宜，也更环保。 •采取行动！我们经常觉得面对交通带来的噪音、污染和危险，自己却无能为力。其实我们可以有所为。如果你所在的那条街交通繁忙，去和邻居们谈谈，给报社写信，去市政府，申请设置限速。做你方便做的任何事情，别光坐在那里抱怨！ 这些都很简单，不是吗？五种简单方法就可以改善环境。好吧，很抱歉我要结束这篇文章了，因为下午4点我得去学校接女儿。然后我得开车去超市购物，之后还得带儿子去参加一个派对。交通将会非常糟，但我能怎么办呢？ 索引 夯 实 双 基 索引 核心单词 1．be _______ in the mud 　　　　 陷到泥里 2．two _________ 二十年 stuck decades 拓展单词 1．_____________ n．破坏，毁坏 →destroy v．破坏，毁坏 →destructive adj. 破坏性的 2．_________ adj．烦恼的，生气的 →annoy v．使烦恼；使生气 →annoyance n．烦恼，生气 3．_______ n．愤怒；怒气 →angry adj．愤怒的；生气的 destruction annoyed anger 4．________ vi．相联系，有关联 →relation n．联系，关联 →relative n．亲戚 adj．相对的 5．_________ adj．定期的，有规律的 →regularly adv．定期地，有规律地 6．______ vt．适合； n．套装 →suitable adj．合适的 relate regular suit 掌握规律　巧记单词 1.relate vi．相联系，有关联(去e)＋ive→relative adj．相对的 例如：effective有效果的 productive多产的 attractive引人入胜的 addictive沉溺的 2．suit vt．适合＋able→suitable adj．合适的 例如：acceptable adj. 可接受的 enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的 comfortable adj. 舒适的　　 阅读单词 1．jam n. 　　　　　　　　　 __________________ 2．roadworks n. __________ 3．gas n. __________ 4．cancer n. ______ 拥挤，堵塞；果酱 道路施工 气，气体 癌症 重点短语 第一组　汉译英 1．_____________ 与……有关联 2．______________ 被困在…… 3．_____________ 沉溺于 4．___________ 与……相比 5．_______________ ……的数目 be related to get stuck in be addicted to compared to the number of... 第二组　英译汉 6．an average of ____________ 7．to be frank __________ 8．pick up ____________________ 9．stressed out ________ 10．go up ____________ 平均是…… 坦率地说 接某人；捡起；获得 焦虑的 增长；上升 典型句式 根据课文语境和汉语提示补全句子 1．句型公式　It takes sb some time to do sth“做某事花费某人多少时间” 教材原句　This morning, it _______________________________(我花了40分钟去市中心)． 2．句型公式　形容词(短语)作状语 教材原句　How often do we arrive at work or school，___________________ ________ (焦虑、疲惫而又愤怒)？ took me 40 minutes to go downtown stressed out, tired and angry 索引 互　动　探　究 索引 (1)be/get stuck in　　 被困在…… (2)stick v. 刺；戳；插入；粘贴；粘住；坚持(stuck, stuck) stick to 遵守，信守；坚持 stick out 伸出；突出 stuck adj．卡住的，无法移动的 1 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 (教材原句)How do you feel when you get stuck in traffic jams? 当你碰到交通堵塞，你是什么感觉呢？ 佳句　Their car was stuck in the mud，so they had no choice but to wait for rescue. 他们的车陷在泥里，所以他们别无选择只好等待救援。 ◎练透——单句语法填空 ①Much to the family's surprise, Dennis stuck ____ his promise！He turned up at the hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. ②When the doctor examined me, he asked me to stick _____ my tongue and say “AH”． ◎写美——读后续写之佳句 ③尽管被这个问题难倒，他还会坚持调查这个事实。 Though_____________________ he will________ investigating the fact. to out stuck in the problem, stick to (1)be annoyed with sb　　　 生某人的气 be annoyed at/about sth 因某事而生气 (2)annoy vt. 使恼怒；打扰 What annoys sb most is that... 最让某人生气的是…… (3)annoying adj. 使人不高兴的；恼人的 annoyed adj．烦恼的，生气的 2 (教材原句)to feel annoyed感到很生气 佳句　Don't get annoyed with your classmates and try your best to get along well with them. 不要生同学的气，尽量和他们好好相处。 ◎练透——单句语法填空 ①She was annoyed ______ Mary for breaking their appointment. ②Failure is __________(annoy)，but what failure can teach us may never be taught in other ways. ◎写美——应用文之求助信 ③最让许多家长烦恼的是长时间盯着屏幕对孩子的眼睛有害。 __________________________________ staring at the screen for a long time is harmful to their children's eyes. with annoying What annoys many parents most is that 巧学助记 It was annoying to have such rainy weather. What annoyed him most was that he forgot to take an umbrella. He was wet all over, thus making him annoyed. 这样的阴雨天气真烦人。最使他烦恼的是他忘了带伞。他浑身湿透了，这使他很生气。 (教材原句)How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out，tired and angry? 多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢？ stressed out焦虑的 3 (1)stress n．　　　　 压力，强调vt. 强调；使紧张；加压于 under stress 在压力之下 lay/place/put stress on/upon... 强调…… stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性 (2)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的；感到有压力的 stressful adj. 产生压力的；压力重的 佳句　I feel stressed out because I can't speak English well when applying for the job. 我感到很焦虑，因为我在申请工作时英语说得不好。 ◎练透——单句语法填空 ①Every time I am _______ stress，I will turn to my parents for help without hesitation. ②The truth is that the girl didn't want to take the ___________(stress)job. ◎写美——应用文之学校生活 ③升入高中后，我感到焦虑不安，总是通过玩电脑游戏来放松自己。 After starting high school，I ______________ and always relaxed by playing computer games. under stressful felt stressed out 中国元素 Chinese art stresses the harmony between man and nature，which is an important part of traditional Chinese culture.中国艺术强调人与自然的和谐，这是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。 (教材原句)Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution. 有些类型的癌症与交通污染有关。 relate vi．相联系，有关联 4 (1)relate...to... 把……和……联系在一起 relate to... 和……有关联；和……合得来 (2)related adj. 相关的；有(亲属)关系的 be related to 与……有关联 (3)relation n. 关系 in/with relation to 关于；与……相比 佳句　It is requested that all the articles (should)be related to the students' life. 据要求，所有的文章都应与学生的生活有关。 ◎练透——单句语法填空 ①Trainees should be invited to relate new ideas ____ their past experiences. ②Putting up signs _________ (relate) to banning smoking was advised by the government. ◎写美——一句多译 ③人们一致认为，幸福并不总是与财富有关。 →It is agreed that happiness _____________________ wealth.(relate) →It is agreed that happiness ___________________________ wealth.(relation) to related isn't always related to isn't always with/in relation to 中国元素 Paper-cutting is closely related to the traditional culture of China, and has a history of more than 1，500 years. 剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，与中国的传统文化紧密相联。 (教材原句)Do whichever of these things that suit you. 做任何适合你的事情。 suit vt．适合；n．套装 5 (1)suit...to...　　　　　 使……适合…… suit one's needs 适合某人的需要 (2)suitable adj. 合适的，适用的 be suitable for 适合于…… be suitable to do sth 适合做某事 佳句　If you look at all sides of the situation，you'll find probably a solution that suits everyone. 如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。 ◎练透——单句语法填空 ①She had the ability to suit her performance ____ the different audience, which amazed us. ②I am wondering whether the students are suitable ________ (do) part-time or summer jobs. ◎写美——一句多译 ③因为我精通英语，我的确认为我适合这项志愿者工作。 →I do believe ________________ this voluntary work，because I have a good knowledge of English.(suitable) →I do believe this voluntary work ________，because I have a good knowledge of English.(suit) to to do I am suitable for suits me 句型公式：形容词(短语)作状语 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 (教材原句)How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out, tired and angry? 多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢？ (1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可置于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。 (2) 形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。 佳句　To our relief, the missing child returned home ten days later, tired but healthy. 使我们感到欣慰的是，失踪的孩子十天后回到了家，虽然很累，但很健康。 索引 ◎练透——单句语法填空 ① ____________( surprise)and happy, he stood up and accepted the prize. ②______________(fortunate)，he survived and returned to his home 71 days after the crash. ◎写美——应用文写作之求助信 ③既担心又无助，所以我别无选择，只能向你求助。 _____________________，I have no alternative but to turn to you for help. Surprised Fortunately Worried and helpless 课　时　精　练 索引 基础达标 维度一　根据汉语意思或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式 1．There was a heavy traffic _____(阻塞) on the road, so I was late for work. 2．____________(道路施工) are causing traffic jam in the city center. 3．In the last two _________ (十年), a lot of factories have been shut down in our city. 4．How do you measure the volume of _____(气体)? 5．Many people suffer from ________(癌症) because of air and water pollution. 6．The car gets _______(卡住) in the mud and is unable to move. 7．I really can't r_______ what he does with what he says. 8．She pays r________ visits to her parents as she lives not far from them. jam Roadworks decades gas cancer stuck elate egular 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．The heavy rain has brought great ___________ (destroy) to the roads in this area. 2．Betty was much _________ (annoy) to hear that she had failed in the exam. 3．Its brain is small in __________ (relate) to its body. 4．The method _______(suit) mass product with low cost. 5．When he heard the rumour，_______(angry) filled him up. 6．The purity of the water is tested ___________ (regular)． destruction annoyed relation suits anger regularly 维度三　选词填空 get stuck in, be addicted to, the number of..., an average of, to be frank, pick up, go up 1．There is a growing concern that problems like lacking exercise and _______ ___________ online games still exist among us teenagers. 2．As a consequence, _____________polar bears is becoming smaller and smaller. 3．There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam，___________ 19 students in each class. being addicted to the number of an average of 4．The stranger ___________ the heavy snow and turned to her for help. 5．___________ , I'm good at communicating and expressing myself. 6．It is likely that the interest rates will _______from tomorrow on. 7．There is no need to worry.I have arranged for my cousin to ______ you ____ at the airport. got stuck in To be frank go up pick up 维度四　完成句子 1．当你感到压力时，你应该记得深呼吸。(stress out) When you _______________ , you should remember to take a deep breath. 2．我们国是一个农业国家，人们有许多与农业有关的节日。(relate) Our country is an agricultural country where there are many festivals ________ _______________． 3．惊恐之下，我觉得我两腿发抖，手心冒汗。(形容词(短语)作状语) ______________________，I felt my legs were trembling and my palms were sweating. get stressed out related to agriculture Extremely frightened 维度五　课文语法填空 Cars have made people 1 . _______(anger) and stressed out and caused the real costs socially.Take Britain for example.In the last 20 years，the number of cars on the roads 2. _________ (go) up by 25%.Over the last decade，3 . ____ average of 2，500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents.Traffic is one of the major 4 . ________(cause) of global warming and climate change.Almost 30，000 deaths per year 5. ______________ (cause) by air pollution.Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution. angry has gone an causes are caused A friend working for a green-living organization gave some advice about how to give up 6._________(drive)．Firstly，use your legs.Regular exercise can cut the risk of heart disease 7.____ 50%！Secondly，use public transport.Thirdly，think before 8._______(go)．Before you get into your car，think about 9._________ you really need to make that journey.Besides，share cars.It is much cheaper and 10.________(kind) to the environment.Last，take action! Don't just sit around and complain! driving by going whether kinder Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The population of the capital Luxembourg City doubles every working day thanks to the flood of workers, and in the morning and evening rush hours, there often comes traffic block. It's a familiar difficult problem but here they've come up with a novel solution. From next year public transport will be free for everyone. The number of people taking the public transport is far from what is expected and so this idea has been brought up, which of course results in some argument. 素能提升 This is what's being built，a new tram (电车) system that will link trains in park-and-ride programs designed to make free public transport smooth and attractive. This is a big attempt by the Luxembourg government into whether people can be made to change the way they behave, because free public transport is great for existing commuters (往返上班者). But the question is whether drivers can be persuaded to change their cars and traffic jams for commuting on public transport. The designer firmly believes the system is so good and effective. Everyone will want to use it. Everyone can use it, young or old, rich or poor, and everyone can say to themselves it's better to leave the car at home. But others consider it questionable. Taxi drivers don't seem worried about trams stealing their trade. Businessmen who come here are never going to take public transport. They'll take a taxi because they have meetings to get to. So Luxembourg's plan is really a test, and it's one that plenty of bigger nations will be watching. As we know, the way we move around shapes our cities, our lives, our work and our environment. Luxembourg is a very small country but this could be a very big idea. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了卢森堡市为了改善交通拥堵的现状，将要为市民免费提供公共电车的一项计划。 1．Why does Luxembourg City plan to make public transport free? A．To reduce traffic jams. B．To attract more businessmen. C．To encourage people to avoid rush hours. D．To help its citizens travel more comfortably. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“...there often comes traffic block. It's a familiar difficult problem but here they've come up with a novel solution.”可推知，这项计划是为了改善卢森堡市交通拥堵的现状。故选A。 √ 2．What can we infer about the result of the plan? A．Taxi drivers' business will be badly affected. B．More people will choose to drive to and from work. C．People's daily behavior will be completely changed. D．Taking public transport can save money for commuters. 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中的“free public transport is great for existing commuters(往返上班者)”可推知，免费公共交通可以让往返上班者们省钱。故选D。 √ 3．How does the designer feel about the system? A．Hopeless.　 B．Concerned. C．Confident. D．Regretful. 观点态度题。根据第四段中的第一句“The designer firmly believes the system is so good and effective.”可推知，设计者对这项计划很自信。故选C。 √ 4．What's the author's purpose of writing the text? A．To list the traffic problems Luxembourg faces. B．To show how Luxembourg controls its population. C．To give people advice on how to get around Luxembourg. D．To introduce Luxembourg's new public transport measure. 写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了卢森堡市为了改善交通拥堵的现状，将要为市民免费提供公共电车的一项计划。故选D。 √ B (2023•江苏省南京市高二上期中) Glass bottles have long conveyed (传递) a high-quality image for the wine they carry, but their carbon footprint is sizable. Fossil fuels are used to produce and recycle them. And when it comes to transport, they are also heavy and waste space. But Packamama, an Australian packaging start-up, has launched a range of flat wine-bottles, the first for the country, promoting them as an environment ally-friendly alternative to traditional glass. The bottles are made from 100% recycled PET plastic. The slim, flat profile (外形) is 83% lighter, and allows twice as many bottles to fit into a standard case. “Australia is home to the two most significant successful wine packaging innovations of the last century. Bag-in-box and screw cap (螺旋瓶盖), both from the mid-1960s，” says Santiago Navarro, Packamama's co-founder. Three months after the first bottles hit the shelves, the data suggests flat-bottled wines are becoming popular with drinkers. Packamama's first production order was for 65，000 units, a figure that has risen to 90，000. The demand was so strong that they were sold out after the first production. Questions remain, however, about the flat-profile bottle's suit ability for high-quality wines. The wine maker Nicole Esdaile, of Centare Vineyard in Victoria's Yarra Valley, applauds the move but says it is not a workable option for her business, given its focus on classic, collectible wines typically exported to China. “Critically, they are not suitable for storing wine, with the recommended shelf life being no more than two years. The bottles are perfect for quick ‘drink-now’ style”. The wine maker Tom Wallace wants to see how flat-bottled wines perform over the years ahead. “The priority for us is the quality of the wine going in, so the packaging has to reflect that and allow those wines to mature (酿成) in the best way possible. We will wait and see how the trials and research go before we jump on board．” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚一家包装初创企业Packamama推出了一系列扁平的酒瓶，这是该国首个扁平的酒瓶，宣传它们是传统玻璃的环保替代品。 5．What advantage do the flat wine-bottles have over glass bottles? A．They can be recycled. B．They offer zero carbon footprint. C．They save space in transport. D．They indicate good wine quality. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The slim, flat profile (外形) is 83 % lighter, and allows twice as many bottles to fit into a standard case.”可知，扁平的酒瓶相比玻璃瓶的优点在于它们节省运输空间。故选C。 √ 6．Why does Santiago Navarro mention the two innovations of the last century? A．To express his pride in his country. B．To explain his interest in innovations. C．To show his confidence in his products. D．To display his knowledge in packaging. 推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句和最后两句可知，Santiago Navarro提到上世纪的两项创新是为了显示他对产品的信心。故选C。 √ 7．What is the weakness of the flat wine-bottles? A．They have a short shelf life. B．They are hard to produce in mass. C．They fail to meet Chinese standards. D．They are prohibited from being exported. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“they are not suitable for storing wine, with the recommended shelf life being no more than two years”可知，扁平的酒瓶的缺点是它们的保质期很短。故选A。 √ 8．What does the underlined phrase “jump on board” mean in the last paragraph? A．Ship bottled wines. B．Use the new packaging. C．Quicken the process of maturing. D．Produce flat wine-bottles. 词义猜测题。根据最后一段的“The priority for us is...the trials and research go before”可知，画线短语所在的句子表示“我们将在用这个新包装之前看看试验和研究的进展如何”，故画线短语意为“使用新包装”，故选B。 √ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 The Slow Food Movement started in Rome, Italy in 1986. When a new McDonalds was opening near a beautiful historic place, some people stood outside the restaurant and shouted, “We do not want fast food; we want slow food！” This event wasn't the only thing that started the Slow Food Movement. 1 But the food didn't taste the same as he remembered. He learned that the peppers were shipped from abroad because the prices were low. This deeply concerned Carlo. Carlo wanted people to care about where their foods came from and how their foods made their culture special. So he started a group to encourage this idea. It soon became the Slow Food Movement. 2 First, what is good food? Good food is fresh. The vegetables are eaten close to the place where they are grown. The fish hasn't been sitting for days before it is eaten. Good food is seasonable. 3 Good food satisfies the senses. It should look good, smell good and taste good. And finally, good food is cultural food. Each country has special foods that make it different. Second, food should be clean. Today, there are great concerns about the way people grow and produce food. Farmers use chemicals to kill insects and feed plants. But the chemicals can also harm the natural environment around farms. 4 Clean food means food that does not harm our bodies or the environment. And third, food should be fair. 5 All people should be able to purchase healthy food. The people who grow and make food should be paid fairly for their work. They should work in safe, healthy conditions. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了慢食运动的由来及其目标。 A．Food should not cost too much money. B．Its goal is to have good，clean，fair food for all people. C．Over time，they can cause health problems in people too. D．That was how the Slow Food Movement got rid of fast food. E．It should be grown at the best time of the year for that food. F．Today the Slow Food Movement has already expanded out of Italy. G．One day Carlo Petrini went to a restaurant to eat a traditional meal. The Slow Food Movement started in Rome, Italy in 1986. When a new McDonalds was opening near a beautiful historic place, some people stood outside the restaurant and shouted, “We do not want fast food; we want slow food！” This event wasn't the only thing that started the Slow Food Movement. 1 But the food didn't taste the same as he remembered. He learned that the peppers were shipped from abroad because the prices were low. This deeply concerned Carlo. Carlo wanted people to care about where their foods came from and how their foods made their culture special. So he started a group to encourage this idea. It soon became the Slow Food Movement. 2 G 解析：空格前说这不是慢食运动开始的唯一原因；空格后说但食物尝起来跟他记忆中的味道不一样了。G项“一天，Carlo Petrini去一家餐馆吃一种传统的食物”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 B 解析：空格前说它很快成为(发展成)了慢食运动，接下来几段分别解释了什么样的食物才是好的、干净的、价格合理的。B项“它的目标是让所有人都能吃到好的、干净的、价格合理的食物”承上启下，符合语境，“Its”指代空格前的“the Slow Food Movement”。故选B。 First, what is good food? Good food is fresh. The vegetables are eaten close to the place where they are grown. The fish hasn't been sitting for days before it is eaten. Good food is seasonable. 3 Good food satisfies the senses. It should look good, smell good and taste good. And finally, good food is cultural food. Each country has special foods that make it different. E 解析：空格前说好的食物是应季的；空格后说好的食物能满足我们的感官，需要色、香、味俱全。E项“它应该在一年中最适宜的季节种植”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 Second, food should be clean. Today, there are great concerns about the way people grow and produce food. Farmers use chemicals to kill insects and feed plants. But the chemicals can also harm the natural environment around farms. 4 Clean food means food that does not harm our bodies or the environment. C 解析：空格前说农民种植农作物时所使用的化学药物在杀虫的同时也会伤害到农场周围的自然环境；空格后说干净的食物是指不会对人体和环境造成伤害的。C项“久而久之，它们也能引起人体的健康问题”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 And third, food should be fair. 5 All people should be able to purchase healthy food. The people who grow and make food should be paid fairly for their work. They should work in safe, healthy conditions. A 解析：空格前说食物应该价格合理；空格后说所有人都应该能买得起健康的食物。A项“食物不应该花费太多钱”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2023•湖北省高二上期中) Lino Marrero is a young inventor. For him, being an inventor is about helping the world by creating 1 to everyday challenges. “I always start with a problem and see how it 2 other people，” he says. Due to 3 fingers, little Marrero wanted to quit playing the violin. But his 4 for music inspired him to invent a “String Ring”. It is an adjustable band that 5 a musician's aching fingers so they can continue practicing. A year later, Marrero created a(n) 6 shoe with replaceable soles (鞋底) after learning traditional footwear can damage the environment.“Shoe waste 7 a lot to landfills (垃圾填埋场)，” he says，“since they have rubber soles that don't 8 easily.” Instead of owning 9 shoes for different sports，his invention allows athletes to keep just one pair in their cupboards. Marrero's latest invention, Kinetic Kickz, was the 10 of his personal experience. Having finished soccer practice, he found his phone was out of 11 . Suddenly, he thought maybe he could make use of the energy from playing soccer. Then he created a shoe insert (插入物) that 12 energy and changes it into battery power to 13 a cell phone. As a high school freshman now, Marrero wants to encourage other teenagers to be inventors too. Younger people, he says，often have novel 14 that can be useful in making creations. Marrero says，“We need to get a chain going, where I inspire some people and they help inspire others 15 ．” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Lino Marrero的一些日常发明。 1．A．additions B．solutions C．reactions D．connections √ 下文“to everyday challenges”指为日常挑战创造解决方案，故选B。 2．A．bothers B．assesses C．distracts D．conducts √ 根据上文“I always start with a problem and see how it”可知，这里指困扰别人的问题，故选A。 3．A．short B．painful C．frozen D．abnormal √ 根据下文“a musician's aching fingers”可知，小马雷罗想放弃拉小提琴，因为他手指痛。故选B。 4．A．passion B．experience C．curiosity D．concern √ 根据but表示转折，以及下文“for music inspired him to invent a ‘String Ring’”可知，对音乐的热情启发他发明了一种“弦环”。故选A。 5．A．decorates B．stretches C．weakens D．protects √ 根据下文“a musician's aching fingers so they can continue practicing”可知，这东西有保护手指的作用。故选D。 6．A．up-to-date B．good-looking C．eco-friendly D．risk-free √ 根据下文“after learning traditional footwear can damage the environment”可知，发明的原因是为了环保。故选C。 7．A．owes B．contributes C．devotes D．applies √ 下文“a lot to landfills(垃圾填埋场)”指鞋子垃圾造成了大量垃圾填埋。故选B。 8．A．die out B．end up C．break down D．run out √ 造成垃圾污染是因为橡胶鞋底不易损坏，与上文“learning traditional footwear can damage the environment”相对应。故选C。 9．A．fashionable B．expensive C．similar D．various √ 根据下文“shoes for different sports”可知，这里指不同的运动项目拥有各种各样的鞋子。故选D。 10．A．copy B．fruit C．award D．label √ 根据上文“Marrero's latest invention”可知，这里指Kinetic Kickz是他个人经验的成果。故选B。 11．A．power B．order C．danger D．service √ 根据下文“changes it into battery power to”发明了电池可知，是手机没电了得到的启发。故选A。 12．A．uses B．generates C．collects D．saves √ 根据下文“energy and changes it into battery power”可知，他发明了一种能收集能量并将其转化为电池为手机充电的鞋套。故选C。 13．A．repair B．update C．design D．charge √ 根据下文“a cell phone”可知，这种鞋套可以给手机充电。故选D。 14．A．viewpoints B．comments C．predictions D．occupations √ 根据下文“that can be useful in making creations”可知，指年轻人通常有对创作有用的新颖观点。故选A。 15．A．in conclusion B．in brief C．in turn D．in advance √ 根据上文“they help inspire others”可知，马雷罗激励一些人，他们反过来帮助激励其他人。故选C。 谢 谢 观 看 ！ U N I T 3 C O N S E R V A T I O N $$