UNIT 2 SUCCESS 单元综合提升-【金版新学案】2023-2024学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版2019）

单元综合提升 　 UNIT 2　SUCCESS 主题词汇集萃 单元重点回眸 单元检测卷 内 容 索 引 单 元 重 点 回 眸 索引 核心单词 1．________ n．　　　　　　 职业，事业 2．________ n. 象征，标志 3．______ vt. 毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏 4．_________ n. 基本部分；要素 5．______ vt. 租用 6．______ vi.&vt. (使)沸腾，煮沸 7．__________ adj. 巨大的，庞大的 8．_____________ adj. 杰出的，优秀的 career symbol ruin element hire boil enormous outstanding 9．_________ adj. 平庸的，普通的；平均的 　　　 n. 平均水平；平均数 10．________ adj. 正常的，平常的 11．_______ n. 方式，特点 12．_______ vt. 创立；创建 13．_________ n. 时尚 14．__________ n. 进入许可；入口 15．________ n. 收入；收益 average normal style found fashion entrance income 语境运用 1．Fitness has now become an important _________ in our lives. 2．Here are four types of part-time jobs that provide students with extra ________． 3．The entire village has been washed away. Roads and bridges have been destroyed and crops ________． 4．Although late for the interview, Jack was _______ by the company because the manager thought he was a man to depend on. 5．As we all know, Tsinghua University _________ about more than 100 years ago has developed into a world-class university. 6．The doctor suggested that she eat five to ten haws ________ with sugar before each meal. element income ruined hired founded boiled 拓展单词 1．determined adj. 坚定的，坚决的 →___________ vt. 决定；确定；下定决心 →_______________ n.决心 2．committed adj. 坚定的；尽心尽力的 →________ vt. &vi. 奉献；投入；承诺；犯(错或罪) →____________ n. 投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺 3．ambitious adj. 有抱负的，有雄心的 →__________ n. 野心，雄心，抱负 determine determination commit commitment ambition 4．appreciative adj. 感激的 →____________ vt. 欣赏；赏识 →______________ n．欣赏；感激，感谢 5．injury n. 伤，损害 →________ vt. 使受伤；损害(名誉等) 6．cooperation n．合作，协作 →___________ v．合作，协作 →_____________ adj．合作的 7．fortune n．大笔的钱，巨款 →___________ adj．幸运的 →_____________ adv．幸运地 →_______________ adv．不幸地 appreciate appreciation injure cooperate cooperative fortunate fortunately unfortunately 8．guilty adj. 内疚的，羞愧的 →_______ n. 内疚；犯罪 9．influential adj．有影响力的 →___________ n．影响v．影响；对……起作用 10．devote vt．把……奉献给；专心致力于 →_________ adj．忠实的；深爱的 →__________ n．奉献；忠诚 11．reject vt．拒绝接受 →___________ n．拒绝接受；否决 guilt influence devoted devotion rejection 12．limit vt．&n．限制，限定 →_________ adj．有限的 →____________ n．范围；限制 13．distraction n. 使人分心的事物 →__________ vt.使分心 →____________ adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的 14．convince vt．说服；使确信 →___________ adj．确信的，感到信服的 →____________ adj．有说服力的，使人信服的 limited limitation distract distracted convinced convincing 15．defensive adj．戒备的，自卫的 →________ v．防卫；辩解 →____________ n．防卫；辩解 16．injury n. 伤，损害 →________ vt．使受伤；损害 →_________ adj. 受伤的 17．advanced adj. 先进的；高级的；晚期的 →_________ vi．前进；进展 18．reference n. 推荐信；谈到，提及 →_______ vi．谈到；查阅 defend defenc(s)e injure injured advance refer 19．promotion n. 提升，晋升 →_________ vt．促进；提拔；促销 20．academic adj．学术的 →_________ n．学术 →______________ adv. 学术上，学业上 promote academy academically 语境运用 1．The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as ___________(refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials. 2．The government's ___________(reject) of the plans is a setback for us. 3．It is the most ________________(influence) and representative of all operas in China. 4．He was born into a poor family, and only received _________ (limit) education in his childhood. 5.Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer __________(injure)． reference rejection influential limited injuries 6．Though there was no convincing evidence linking Watson to the murder case, many people believed he was ________ (guilt)． 7．We have learned a great deal from her __________(devote)to her work and her willingness to help others. 8．He didn't realize the importance of _____________(cooperate) until he was elected president of the Students' Union. 9．Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially designed to help them succeed ______________ (academic) and personally. 10．①Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty. But such ____________(commit) can also weaken a sense of freedom. ②He loved playing this instrument，and was committed to ________________ (practice) it. guilty devotion cooperation academically commitment practicing 11．①____________ (fortunate)，international societies offered their helping hands shortly after the earthquake. ②_____________ (unfortunate), I won't be able to attend the meeting because of an emergency. 12．①I'm afraid that I can't accept your argument，for you haven't offered enough ____________ (convince) evidence. ②I'm not completely ___________(convince)that he has the determination to overcome the difficulty. Fortunately Unfortunately convincing convinced 重点短语 1．___________________　　　　　 投入 2．________________ 提出 3．___________ 退出，脱离；辍学 4．____________ 捐赠，赠送；泄露(秘密) 5．_______________________ 热爱；对……有激情 6．_____________ 有意义；解释得通 7．_________ 发迹；出人头地 be committed to come up with drop out give away be passionate about make sense get on 8．___________________ 致力于，专注于 9．___________________ 致力于 10．___________________________ 使与众不同 11．_____________________ 要点是；归结为 12．__________ 待在家里 13．_____________ 奋斗，争取 14．_________________ 参加 15．__________ 获得回报 apply oneself to be committed to set sb/sth apart from boil down to sth stay in strive for participate in pay off 语境运用 1．He wrote a lot in his letter, which can ____________ it that he felt very sorry for his absence. 2．Although I couldn't have a good look at the temple, it did _____________ to me. 3．My friend David fell down near the finishing line and injured his right leg. As a consequence, he had to ___________． 4．If you ________________ the job in hand, you'll soon finish it. 5．Having a fancy for my major, I will ________________ my study and make the most of my time in university. 6．Last Saturday，my class ______________ the labor practice and it was held in our school vegetable base. boil down to make sense drop out apply yourself to be committed to participated in 典型句式 1．并列连词while表示对比意为“而，然而” He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life, as a person who had everything while many people had nothing. 2．“no matter＋特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句 Call it unhealthy if you want, but that is the way I roll, no matter what it is I'm applying myself to. 3．by the time引导时间状语从句 By the time Huang moved back to China in 2008, he had been living and working in the UK for 15 years. 4．so...that...引导结果状语从句 The disease was so advanced that he had just a couple of months to live. 5．强调句型 Rowling's first novel was rejected by 12 publishers before it was finally published, yet paradoxically，it was this experience that helped her to succeed. 佳句仿写 1．老师正在准备复习测试题，而学生正在为测试做准备。 The teacher is preparing the reviewing quiz, ___________________________ ____ it. 2．我们知道无论我们做了什么，他们都会支持我们。 We knew they would stand by us ________________________. 3．杰克从英国回到家中时，他的儿子已经大学毕业。 ____________________________ from England，his son _________________ _______. while the students are preparing for no matter what we'd done By the time Jack returned home had graduated from college 4．我们做得如此好以至于被邀请与学生分享我们的想法和经验。 We did ____________ we were invited to share our ideas and experience with all the students of our school. 5.正是在您的慷慨帮助下，我坚信我会尽快适应大学生活。 _____________________________ I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible. so well that It is with your generous help that 索引 主 题 词 汇 集 萃 索引 单元话题——成功人物 外貌特征 内在品质 性格特征 ①plain adj.　　朴素的 ②elegant adj. 优雅的 ③pale adj. 苍白的 ④blank adj. 茫然的，无 表情的 ⑤desperate adj. 绝望的 ⑥graceful adj. 优雅的 ①virtue n. 　　　美德，品行 ②modest adj. 谦虚的，谦逊 的 ③considerate adj. 考虑周到的 ④outstanding adj. 杰出的 ⑤brilliant adj. 有才气的 ⑥selfless adj. 无私的 ①optimistic adj.　　乐观的 ②pessimistic adj. 悲观的 ③outgoing adj. 外向的 ④easy-going adj. 随和的 ⑤gentle adj. 温和的 ⑥stubborn adj. 固执的 通晓古今之——中国杂交水稻 Hybrid rice refers to the selection (选择) of two rice varieties with certain genetic differences and complementary (互补的) good characters to produce the first generation hybrid with heterosis(杂种优势)．China is the first country in the world to successfully develop and promote hybrid rice. In October 2019, the first public test of the third generation hybrid rice was conducted in Hunan Province, with a yield of 1，046kg per mu. In November 2020, the double cropping yield measurement of hybrid rice in Hengyang City, Hunan Province reached 1，530kg per mu． 杂交水稻是指选用两个在遗传上有一定差异，同时它们的优良性状又能互补的水稻品种进行杂交，生产具有杂种优势的第一代杂交种。中国是世界上第一个成功研发和推广杂交水稻的国家。2019年10月，第三代杂交水稻在湖南省进行的首次公开测试，亩产1 046公斤。2020年11月，在湖南省衡阳市进行的杂交水稻双季测产达到了亩产1 530公斤。 学科素养培优 Yuan Longping, the pioneer and leader of China's hybrid rice industry, is a famous Chinese agricultural scientist and academician(院士)of the Chinese Academy of engineering. He is known as the “father of hybrid rice”. In recent decades, Yuan Longping, a self-described “intellectual peasant”， is regarded as a“national hero”. On September 17, 2019, Yuan Longping was awarded the “Medal of the Republic”． 中国杂交水稻事业的开创者和领导者袁隆平是中国著名农业科学家、中国工程院院士，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。近几十年来，自称“知识农民”的袁隆平被称为“民族英雄”。2019年9月17 日，袁隆平被授予“共和国勋章”。 学科素养培优 索引 单 元 检 测 卷 索引 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What will Lucy do at 11：30 tomorrow? A．Go out for lunch. B．See her dentist. C．Visit a friend. √ 2．What is the weather like now? A．It's sunny. B．It's rainy. C．It's cloudy. 3．Why does the man talk to Dr.Simpson? A．To make an apology. B．To ask for help. C．To discuss his studies. √ √ 4．How will the woman get back from the railway station? A．By train. B．By car. C．By bus. 5．What does Jenny decide to do first? A．Look for a job. B．Go on a trip. C．Get an assistant. √ √ 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What time is it now? A．1：45. B．2：10. C．2：15. √ 7．What will the man do? A．Work on a project. B．See Linda in the library. C．Meet with Professor Smith. √ 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What are the speakers talking about? A．Having guests this weekend. B．Going out for sightseeing. C．Moving into a new house. 9．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Neighbors. B．Husband and wife. C．Host and visitor. √ √ 10．What will the man do tomorrow? A．Work in the garden. B．Have a barbecue. C．Do some shopping. √ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．Where was the man born? A．In Philadelphia. B．In Springfield. C．In Kansas. 12．What did the man like doing when he was a child? A．Drawing. B．Traveling. C．Reading. √ √ 13．What inspires the man most in his work? A．Education. B．Family love. C．Nature. √ 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．Why is Dorothy going to Europe? A．To attend a training program. B．To carry out some research. C．To take a vacation. 15．How long will Dorothy stay in Europe? A．A few days. B．Two weeks. C．Three months. √ √ 16．What does Dorothy think of her apartment? A．It's expensive. B．It's satisfactory. C．It's inconvenient. 17．What does Bill offer to do for Dorothy? A．Recommend her apartment to Jim. B．Find a new apartment for her. C．Take care of her apartment. √ √ 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．What are the tourists advised to do when touring London? A．Take their tour schedule. B．Watch out for the traffic. C．Wear comfortable shoes. 19．What will the tourists do in fifteen minutes? A．Meet the speaker. B．Go to their rooms. C．Change some money. √ √ 20．Where probably is the speaker? A．In a park. B．In a hotel. C．In a shopping centre. √ 听力材料 第一节　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 (Text 1) M：Lucy，would you like to have lunch with me tomorrow? W：Oh，I'd really love to，but I have an appointment with my dentist at 11：30.Thanks for inviting me. (Text 2) W：Peter，how is the weather now？Is it still raining? M：No，but there's still lots of clouds.The weatherman said the sun wouldn't come out until next week. (Text 3) M：I'm sorry I was late for class today，Dr.Simpson. W：Well，I'll let it go this time.But you saw it disturbed the rest of the class. M：Yes，I realized that.I won't let it happen again. (Text 4) W：Hi，Mike.Listen，I'm coming back this afternoon，and I'll take a bus from the railway station.So，you don't need to come and pick me up. M：OK，take care，and see you soon. (Text 5) M：Jenny，there's an opening for an assistant manager in our company.You should give it a try. W：Thank you George，but I've decided to travel a bit before finding another job. 第二节　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 (Text 6) M：By the way，do you know what time it is? W：Well，it's a quarter to two. M：Oh，I've got to go. W：See Linda in the library? M：No.Actually I'm going to meet with Professor Smith at ten past two.You may continue our project discussion with Michael. W：All right. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 (Text 7) W：Harry，guess what？I've just received an email from Pamela.She and Peter are coming down to see us this weekend. M：Oh，that's good news！We haven't seen them for ages. W：Yeah.The last time we met them was at our wedding three years ago. M：Did Pamela mention how long they'll stay? W：About one week. M：Great！I can't wait to show them around our new house. W：Me too.We haven't had any guests since we moved in here.If the weather is fine，we can have a barbecue in the garden. M：Good idea.I'll go to the market tomorrow to buy all the things we'll need. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 (Text 8) W：Hello，everyone.Welcome to our program.Today，we are fortunate to have a special guest with us.Some of you may have heard of him before.He's an artist.His works have received many prizes and have been shown in over one hundred exhibitions across the country—Los Angeles，New York，Philadelphia，to name just a few.His name is Chris Cucksy.So Chris，tell us a bit about yourself. M：Well，I was born in Springfield，Missouri，and grew up in Kansas.I didn't come from a family with wealth or position，but I did manage to get a master's degree in fine arts. W：When did you first start to make art？And what was the turning point in your life that made you an artist? M：I always liked drawing as early as I can remember，so right from then，I knew what I was going to be：an artist. W：What is it that always inspires you to create? M：Nature is the biggest inspiration.I'm always inspired by things of beauty and harmony. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 (Text 9) M：You must be pretty excited about your trip to Europe，Dorothy.When are you leaving? W：In just two weeks，and I am excited.I've been looking forward to this training program for a long time.But there are still a few things I need to do before I go. M：Like what? W：Like renewing my passport and figuring out what to do with my apartment while I'm gone. M：You are not going to give it up，are you? W：No way！I'll never find another apartment like it around here.But I don't like the idea of paying three months for an empty apartment，either.So，I'm looking for someone to take it while I'm away. M：Um，let me think.Oh，I know just a person.An old colleague of mine，Jim Thomas.He is coming here to do some research this summer，from June to August. W：Well，that's exactly when I'll be away! M：I'll tell you what—I'll be calling Jim late this week anyway，so I'll mention it to him. W：Well，thanks，Bill. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 (Text 10) I hope I've given you a clear idea of the schedule for your London weekend.And，before I finish，let me just give you some advice which should make your stay more enjoyable.Firstly，please do remember to put on some comfortable shoes.London is a big place，and whatever you do，you'll find yourself doing quite a lot of walking.So，comfortable shoes are really necessary.And secondly，let me ask you to please look after your money.Keep it safe at all times，and then you will not have any unpleasant accident，which could ruin your whole weekend.You'll find a copy of your weekend's schedule in your room.Take a look at it，and make sure you're clear about everything.Well，that's all from me for now.Go and leave your luggage in your rooms.I'll be seeing you here again in fifteen minutes.Goodbye for now! 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2023•广东省揭阳市高二上期中) Young students can, and do, make a big difference. As an educator, you have the opportunity to spark (触发) a passion in students that will drive them to do their part to take care of the Earth. Here are activities you could add to your lesson plans to inspire your students on Earth Day： Make signs for school and at home Sometimes we just need a little reminder to help us change our habits. Have students think about what they can do at school and at home to help the environment and how they can encourage others to change their habits. Make a video or presentation urging others to take action Students can make a bigger impact if they influence others to do their part to protect the environment. Putting together a video or presentation also helps them internalize the material itself — they need to understand it before they can explain it to others. Presentations can be given in the classroom or even to the whole school. Eventually, they may be able to present their lessons and research at a local conference. Show them examples of other students making a real difference It's important for students to see examples of young environmentalists so they know they don't need to wait until they're older to make a difference. Learning about the work these young people are doing can give your students new ideas for how to protect the environment. It can open the door of possibilities for how to think about finding solutions to problems they can help solve. Earth Day isn't just on April 22. It's every day. How will you celebrate Earth Day and help students make a difference year-round? 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要就老师在教学计划中添加的活动以激励学生参加地球日活动给出了一些建议。 写作对象题。由文章第一段可知，这篇文章是给老师的一些建议，所以主要是写给老师看的。故选B项。 21．Who is the text written for? A．Students.　 B．Teachers. C．Environmentalists. D．Parents. √ 细节理解题。由文章第三段可知，我们可以通过视频展示和演讲让别人改变他们的习惯。故选B项。 22．What can we do to remind people to change their habits? A．Make signs. B．Make a video or presentation. C．Make lesson plans. D．Show other students' examples. √ 细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段以及其中的“they don't need to wait until they're older to make a difference”可知，学生了解年轻的环保主义者很重要的原因是激励学生们立即就采取行动保护环境。故选D项。 23．Why is it important for students to learn about young environmentalists? A．It helps make friends. B．It improves learning results. C．It guarantees success. D．It inspires immediate action. √ B (2023•江苏省淮安市高二10月阶段考) Tired of working in IT and staying the same in Australia, Paulo Cattaneo decided to make a change. In 2015 he started a strict budget so he could save up enough money to buy his dream KTM 1190 motorbike, a camera, and enough funds to support himself for a few years. Then he gave up his job, packed his things, and set off on an adventure, travelling the world on his motorbike. Paulo, 39, has spent the last four years biking through Australia, South America, North America, and Europe, riding up to 12 hours a day and spending his nights in his tent under the stars. “Australia for me was my first experience riding long distance and I was mind-blown by the beauty of the old continent.” Paulo wrote on his travel journal, “Traveling through Latin America, I explored the rainforest and learned Spanish and Portuguese. Mexico has some of the best food I ever had and Peru is an interesting place where I can enjoy the unique local Indian culture, also called Inca civilization.” Paulo has managed to keep his travels going by keeping his budget tight, so he hasn't had to get a job for his travels. To keep costs low, he seldom looked for accommodation in hotels and went camping instead. Thankfully, the motorbike, which Paulo bought secondhand in Australia, has not required any major repairs since he set off. The journey isn't always easy, but Paulo has never looked back. Sadly, the COVID-19 pandemic put a stop to his travels in Greece when he traveled around Europe, and Paulo has had to spend the last few months in Italy, his homeland. Once the world is back up and running, he plans to return to life on the road and explore Asia and Africa. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Paulo Cattaneo放弃工作，骑着摩托车环游世界的经历，虽然他的冒险旅程因为新冠疫情而不得不中断，但是他从未放弃他的冒险梦。 细节理解题。根据第一段“In 2015 he started a strict budget...support himself for a few years.”可知，2015年Paulo已经开始为自己的环球旅行攒钱，用于购买设备以及未来几年的生活费，此时的他是在为环球旅行做准备。故选D项。 24．What did Paulo begin to do in 2015? A．Change his job to live a better life. B．Collect enough money to buy a car. C．Travel the world on his motorbike. D．Prepare for his trip around the world. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Paulo的旅行方式为骑摩托车，他曾经去过的地方包括澳大利亚、南美、北美和欧洲，每天的旅行安排为骑行12小时，并没有讲到他旅行最后的目的地。故选B项。 25．What is not mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．The way to travel. B．The last destination of travel. C．The places he'd been to. D．The daily schedule of travel. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段“‘Australia for me was my first experience... continent.’ Paulo wrote on his travel journal”可知，澳大利亚的美丽风景 震撼了Paulo，Paulo为之深深吸引了。故选D项。 26．What happened to him during Paulo's trip? A．He enjoyed the best food in Peru. B．He got a job to support his travel. C．The motorbike often troubled him. D．The view in Australia attracted him. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，COVID-19并没有使Paulo放弃他的环球旅行梦。故选C项。 27．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Paulo was glad to return to his homeland. B．Paulo had to find accommodation in hotel. C．The COVID-19 couldn't stop Paulo's dream. D．Being alone was a challenge during Paulo's trip. √ C (2023•安徽省高二上阶段性联考) Forty years ago, when Marilyn Loden, then 31 and a manager at a telephone company, made a speech at the 1978 Women's Exposition, she didn't know that a phrase she came up with on that day would still be alive after all these years. “It seemed to me there was an invisible barrier to advancement that people didn't recognize，” Loden said at the expo when talking about how hard it was for women to climb the career ladder. And that barrier, according to her, could all be boiled down to one phrase－“glass ceiling”． Since then, there have been major advances in gender equality.We've seen women achieving bigger and bigger things in cinema, education, politics and even business. But sadly, there's one field that's still run mainly by men: science. That's why it was inspiring when Zhang Miman, 82, a professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, was given a L'Oreal-UNESCO For Women in Science award on March 22. According to China Daily， the number of women working in science around the world has increased by 12 percent in the past 20 years. But even so, the glass ceiling is still there. Indeed, less than 30 percent of researchers are women, and only 3 percent of Nobel Prizes for Science have been awarded to women. Of course, it has little to do with the stereotype (思维定势) that “women are bad at science”. In fact, a study found that nearly half of the “highly qualified” scientists and engineers in the US are women. “Since so few are in the upper ranks, there aren't female instructor to guide women through challenges and support them for promotions，” wrote Tara Weiss on Forbes. May 24 marks the 40th anniversary of the phrase “glass ceiling”. Even though the ceiling is still there, things are changing. And with Zhang winning her award, one more crack has been added to the ceiling. 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要借由Marilyn Loden在40年前提出的“玻璃天花板”一词，阐述了女性地位逐渐提升，但在科学领域却仍然难以获得应有的地位，尽管如此，女性科研人员们还在努力改变这一现状。 推理判断题。根据第一段中“she didn't know that...alive after all these years.”和“And that barrier, according to her, could all be boiled down to one phrase－‘glass ceiling’”可知，作者借由第一段引出glass ceiling这一中心词，继而阐述女性在科学领域的地位，其作用就是引出文章的主题。故选B项。 28．Why does the author introduce Marilyn Loden at the beginning of the text? A．To attract readers' attention. B．To introduce the topic of the text. C．To make Loden well-known. D．To amuse readers with Loden's story. √ 词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句可知，Loden所指的“玻璃天花板”指人们没有意识到的、阻碍女性事业发展的隐形屏障。故选C项。 29．What does the underlined phrase “glass ceiling” in the first paragraph refer to? A．The good news for women to be promoted. B．The shortest way for women to succeed. C．The unseen barriers for women to advance. D．The unknown advantages for women to develop. √ 推理判断题。根据第四段中“But even so, the glass ceiling is still there.”，第五段中“Of course, it has little to do with the stereotype (思维定势) that ‘women are bad at science’”和第六段中“Since so few are in the...support them for promotions”可知，这三段都在讲述女性在科学领域的“玻璃天花板”仍然存在这一现状，也就是说，要想打破这层障碍，还需要付出很多努力，与C选项描述相符。故选C项。 30．What can be inferred from Paragraphs 4, 5 and 6? A．Women scientists have very high status in the world. B．Women are naturally not good at science at all. C．Women's liberation in science still has a long way to go. D．Women don't like challenges in career. √ 写作目的题。根据最后一段“May 24 marks the 40th anniversary of...has been added to the ceiling.”可知，在“玻璃天花板”这一名词出现第四十年的特殊时刻，尽管那层障碍依然存在，但现状已经在逐渐改变，女性科学家也在努力将其打破，作者正是想以此鼓励广大女性共同努力打破“天花板”。故选C项。 31．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To praise Zhang Miman. B．To remember Marilyn Loden. C．To encourage women to break the barrier. D．To introduce a phrase “glass ceiling”． √ D (2023•山东省潍坊市高二上期中) McDonald's food holds plenty of secrets, and McNuggets are no exception. The boxed, bite-size bites of chicken are one of the fast food producer's most popular menu items. But there's something even the most devoted nugget (鸡块) consumers may not know: every nugget that comes out of Mickey D's is guaranteed to be one of four distinct shapes. Don't worry though, it's not some strange chicken plot. It's the result of a carefully planned process that occurs in McDonald's factories. A Business Insider video, using continuous shooting mode from a McDonald's factory in Canada, offers an inside look into nugget production. Before it goes to the fryer, the ground chicken breast meat that will become McNuggets goes through a “rolling cookie cutter” machine. The cutter ensures that the nuggets-to-be are all the same width and one of four shapes. The shapes are the “boot”， the “bell”， the “ball”， and the “bone” (or “bow tie”)． But just how different are the four shapes? How do you tell your boots from your bow ties? Well, the ball is round, as you might expect. The bone/bow tie looks less like either of those things than like a somewhat bent rectangle (矩形). The bell is diamond-shaped, and the boot really does look somewhat like a wide boot with a thin toe.(Or like a hook, if you turn it over.) Though the shapes are somewhat less distinct after the batter (稠面糊) is added, see if you can still identify them the next time you get your McNugget fix. But why have special shapes at all? A curious consumer posed the question. A company representative replied that the shapes and their similar sizes ensure that they all take the same time to cook, which is necessary to ensure food safety. Plus, the shapes are fun for kids, and easy to dip for everyone! And why is four the lucky number? Well, the Q &. A page claims that “three would've been too few. Five would've been, like, silly or unreasonable.” Honestly, though, we doubt McDonald's consumers would have really cared either way. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麦乐鸡块的四种形状，它是如何做成四种形状的，麦乐鸡块四种形状的不同，以及为什么麦乐鸡块要按四种形状制作。 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Before it goes to the fryer...and the ‘bone’ (or ‘bow tie’)．”可知，麦当劳鸡块的形状是由切割机加工的。故选 A项。 32．How are the McDonald's Chicken Nuggets' shapes formed? A．They are processed by a cutting machine. B．The four shapes are made by machine freely. C．Some batter is added to the chicken breast meat. D．They are the natural forms of the chicken breast meat. √ 细节理解题。由第四段中的“A company representative replied...to ensure food safety.”可知，麦当劳鸡块规则的形状使加工更容易、更安全。故选C项。 33．What do we know about the shapes of McDonald's Chicken Nuggets? A．The ball and the bell are of the same size. B．The bone shape is most attractive to small kids. C．The regular shapes make processing easier and safer. D．The different shapes can arouse people's imagination. √ 观点态度题。由最后一段“And why is four the lucky number...have really cared either way.”可知，对于麦乐鸡块选用数字“4”这件事，作者认为消费者并不在意可得出，身为消费者的一员，作者也并不关心(Uncaring)。故选D项。 34．What is the author's attitude to the number four of McDonald's Chicken Nuggets? A．Positive. B．Disapproving. C．Doubtful. D．Uncaring. √ 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了麦乐鸡块的四种形状，它是如何做成四种形状的，麦乐鸡块四种形状的不同，以及为什么麦乐鸡块要按四种形状制作，可得出全文以“麦乐鸡块的四种形状”为中心。故选C项。 35．What is the text mainly about? A．The history of McDonald's Chicken Nuggets. B．A warning against eating McDonald's Chicken Nuggets. C．The introduction of McDonald's Chicken Nuggets' four shapes. D．An explanation of the processing of McDonald's Chicken Nuggets. √ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2023•山东省烟台市高二上期中) Studying in America presents you with unique opportunities to get involved in a community that pushes you to succeed. 36 These tips will help you make the most of the four years. Participation in university programs helps you make new friends and establish a connection with your school. At the beginning of the school year, most universities will host an organization fair where every club on campus will be recruiting (招募) new members. 37 By chatting with old club members, you can decide where you'll fit best. To best prepare for your future, growing your professional network is essential. Joining professional student organizations that correspond with your professional interests is a great place to start. For example, professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings. Remember to be active and interested in your college years. 38 Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located. Some organizations like Habitat for Humanity have opportunities throughout the country. Neighborhoods surrounding your university will also have individual needs and service opportunities that will benefit from your help. 39 It shows a new side of the place you'll call home for the next several years. 40 But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it. If you have time, consider taking different trips, in which you can explore different cultures and meet new friends. Gradually, you'll find your vision broadened and life enriched. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在美国大学学习的过程中，可以参与社区志愿活动去提升自己，并且对于以后的工作也有帮助。 A．Being a volunteer can advance your career. B．College is the perfect time to learn and grow. C．Living off campus is a great way to save money. D．The event gives you an idea of each organization. E．It also allows you to get an ideal job after graduation. F．Traveling overseas can be difficult during the school year. G．Volunteering helps you feel connected to the community you live in. 解析：根据下文“make the most of the four years”可知，空处内容是有关于大学的生活，B项与下文衔接自然。故选B项。 Studying in America presents you with unique opportunities to get involved in a community that pushes you to succeed. 36 These tips will help you make the most of the four years. B 解析：根据上文“At the beginning of the school...will be recruiting (招募) new members.”和下文“By chatting with old club members, you can decide where you'll fit best.”可知，这些活动提供了与老会员交流的机会，以便了解适合自己的俱乐部。D项中的The event指代上文的an organization fair。故选D项。 Participation in university programs helps you make new friends and establish a connection with your school. At the beginning of the school year, most universities will host an organization fair where every club on campus will be recruiting (招募) new members. 37 By chatting with old club members, you can decide where you'll fit best. D 解析：根据上文“For example, professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings.”可知，这里是指就业方面的问题，E项相呼应，符合题意，It指代上文提到的那件事。故选E项。 To best prepare for your future, growing your professional network is essential. Joining professional student organizations that correspond with your professional interests is a great place to start. For example, professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings. Remember to be active and interested in your college years. 38 E 解析：根据上文“Taking part in voluntary...your university is located.”和下文“It shows a new side of the place you'll call home for the next several years.”可知，这里说的是志愿者服务和社区之间相辅相成的关系。G项符合语境，下文的It指代选项中的Volunteering。故选G项。 Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located. Some organizations like Habitat for Humanity have opportunities throughout the country. Neighborhoods surrounding your university will also have individual needs and service opportunities that will benefit from your help. 39 It shows a new side of the place you'll call home for the next several years. G 解析：根据下文“But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it.”中的but可知，空处与此处为转折关系，指出学习时旅行不是那么容易的。故选F项。 40 But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it. If you have time, consider taking different trips, in which you can explore different cultures and meet new friends. Gradually, you'll find your vision broadened and life enriched. F 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2023•湖北省高二上期中) My daughter had talent for acting. When Alex was accepted into New York University's musical theater program, I 41 what dress I'd wear to her Broadway debut (初次登台). But now she decided to be an exercise instructor. It was 42 for me. “I thought 43 at gyms was just to help you pay the bills until you had your good luck, wasn't it？” I asked when Alex 44 her full-time job at a gym called Equinox in New York City. “Acting was my childhood dream，” she explained. “I loved 45 ， but my adult self wants to help people be 46 ．” Even after Alex earned her personal training certification, I still couldn't accept her 47 . When the COVID-19 crisis shut New York's gyms, and Alex returned jobless to Richmond, my 48 of working on her acting website was rejected. Instead, she launched online kettle-bell classes and rounded up clients using Instagram.Her 49 took off, and our house became her virtual studio until she returned to Manhattan in August 2020. One day I signed up for her private sessions. While doing deadlifts (硬举训练), I asked, “What are you doing to find a real job？” Alex pointed to her waist, 50 my posture, “Mom, this is my 51 . I'm growing a business.”And she was. Soon she was making more than she ever did in gyms and had total 52 of her business. I was one of many who 53 from her patient encouragement. Over time, my lower-back pain disappeared and I could lift a heavy box 54 . Through my training, I learned she knew the right 55 for herself. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的女儿有表演的天赋，但执意做一名健身教练，对此作者一开始很不理解，但最后她认可了女儿的选择。 根据上文“My daughter had talent...musical theater program”可知，作者的女儿有表演天赋，所以当女儿被纽约大学的音乐剧课程录取时，作者想象着女儿初次在百老汇登台时自己会穿的衣服。故选C。 41．A．expected B．prepared C．pictured D．treasured √ 42．A．awkward B．hard C．appealing D．rewarding √ 根据本段第一句“My daughter had talent for acting.”以及空前一句“But now she decided to be an exercise instructor.”可知，作者的女儿有表演天赋，但是她却决定做一名健身教练，因此作者难以理解女儿的做法。故选B。 根据上文“she decided to be an exercise instructor”可知，此处指在健身房教人健身。故选D。 43．A．exercising B．wandering C．struggling D．teaching √ 根据空前的“I thought...good luck, wasn't it？”可知，此处指当女儿宣布了她的全职工作时，作者质疑女儿的选择。故选A。 44．A．announced B．searched C．changed D．rejected √ 45．A．training B．trying C．performing D．socializing √ 根据空前的“Acting was my childhood dream”可知，此处指女儿说她曾经喜欢表演。故选C。 根据常识可知，健身教练能指导别人如何保持健康。故选B。 46．A．active B．fit C．positive D．ambitious √ 47．A．passion B．theory C．refusal D．decision √ 上文提到女儿决定做一名健身教练，再结合语境可知，即使女儿拿到了她的培训资格证书，作者仍然无法接受她的决定。故选D。 根据空后的“of working on her acting website was rejected.”可知，此处指作者给女儿的建议。故选A。 48．A．suggestion B．warning C．analysis D．dream √ 49．A．research B．business C．occupation D．organization √ 根据空后的“our house became her virtual studio”可知，女儿的事业成功了。故选B。 根据空前的“Alex pointed to her waist”及空后“my posture”可知，此处指当教练的女儿正在纠正作者的姿势。故选D。 50．A．spotting B．opposing C．admiring D．correcting √ 51．A．job B．hobby C．personality D．achievement √ 根据上文作者问女儿的问题“What are you doing to find a real job？”可知，job符合此处语境，女儿在回答作者这就是她的工作。 故选A。 根据空前的“Soon she was making more than what she ever did in gyms”可知，女儿的事业取得了更大的进展，此处指她能完全掌控自己的事业了。故选C。 52．A．impression B．ignorance C．control D．understanding √ 53．A．restored B．benefited C．resulted D．learned √ 根据下一句中的“Over time, my lower-back pain disappeared”可知，一段时间以后，作者后背的下部不疼了，故作者参加女儿的健身课程后受益了。故选B。 根据上文可知，通过参加女儿的健身课程，作者后背的下部不疼了。由此可推知，此处指作者可以轻松地提起一个沉重的箱子了。故选D。 54．A．in charge B．with assistance C．in comfort D．with ease √ 55．A．method B．routine C．path D．progress √ 根据上文可知，作者的女儿坚持自己想从事的职业，并在事业上取得了很大的进展，故此处指作者意识到了女儿知道适合自己的正确道路。故选C。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2023•湖北省武汉市高二上月考) The difference between a novelist and a professor is that the former 56. (most) uses his extraordinary creative genius to inspire people's passion by writing novels，while the latter 57. (pay) more attention to academic research. A politician wants 58. (found) his own theories and tries to come to power. A scientist hopes to make remarkable achievements and have more inventions and patents. Take Albert Einstein for example. He made numerous 59. (contribute) to the world，the most well-known 60. (be) the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E＝mc2. mostly pays to found contributions being He earned a doctorate in physics in 1905 and gradually became famous as the new Isaac Newton. Circumstances changed in 1933，61. Hitler came to power in Germany. Einstein，who was Jewish，found the doors of academic institutions 62. (close) to him. As 63. consequence，he had to flee Germany. He finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton，USA． Einstein was not only a genius，but also a very gentle man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair. Despite his peculiarities，he 64. (admire) by his friends and neighbours whom he encountered. It was on 18 April 1955 65. Einstein passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了伟大科学家爱因斯坦的贡献以及生平。 when closed a was admired that 56．mostly　考查词性转换。空处应为副词修饰动词“uses”。故填mostly。 57．pays　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空前“the latter”指的是前文的“a professor”，作主语，所以空处应为谓语动词。结合本句中其他动词“uses”可知，应为一般现在时。主语为单数。故填pays。 58．to found　考查非谓语动词。want to do sth“想要做某事”为固定搭配，动词不定式为宾语。故填to found。 59．contributions　考查词性转换和名词的单复数。make contributions to sth “为……做贡献”为固定搭配。故填contributions。 60．being　考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语动词为“made”且无连词，所以提示词应为非谓语动词，且和空前省略的指代“contribution”的代词“one”之间为主动关系，应用doing形式。故填being。 61．when　考查定语从句。本句有两个谓语动词“changed”和“came”，无连接词，所以空处应为连接词。空前为时间，空后为完整句子，所以空处应为指代先行词1933，且在定语从句中充当时间状语的when。故填when。 62．closed　考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知，主句为“主谓宾宾补”的结构，空处应为形容词作宾语补足语，对宾语“the doors of academic institutions”进行补充说明。形容词表示状态，表示“门是关闭的”。故填closed。 63．a　考查冠词。固定搭配as a consequence“因此，结果”。故填a。 64．was admired　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处应为主句的谓语动词。结合句意以及空后的“by”可知，谓语动词应为被动，照应全文时态，应为一般过去时。主语he为单数。故填was admired。 65．that　考查特殊句式。分析句子成分可知，应为强调句型“It is/was...that...”，本句强调的是时间。故填that。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) (2023•陕西省西安高二上期中) 你班英语老师要求你们以“My Understanding of Success”为题写一篇作文，内容包括： 1．你对于成功的理解； 2．你想如何获得成功。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My Understanding of Success Everyone wants to succeed. I think success means that we have achieved the goals we hope to achieve, and success means that we have realized our dreams. But how can I achieve success? First of all, I should have self-confidence, which is the first secret of success. Secondly, I should discover my advantages. Only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference. Finally, I am not afraid of failure. Failure is the mother of success, and repetition is the father of success. If I fall down, I must get up again! Never give up. With constant efforts, I believe I will be able to achieve success. 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2023•山东省聊城市高二上期中) An elderly woman held out her card to pay for boots, but the cashier returned the card and said there was not enough money on it. The woman said that she recently underwent surgery and the insurance didn't cover all the expenses. And now she was paying off the debt. She asked if she could buy the shoes in installments (分期付款), because her shoes were falling apart, and it was cold outside. The cashier replied that their store didn't sell the goods in installments. The woman left the boots at the checkout and went to the exit. She looked at the rain outside the store doors and her old shoes. A young man approached her and held out a box with a pair of boots that she had left at the checkout. “Take them, at your age you need to take care of yourself. These boots are my gift to you，” he said. The woman was surprised and said that she couldn't accept such an expensive gift from a stranger. The man smiled and replied that it was not a gift. He was returning a debt that he couldn't return to another person. He said that as a child he was a very poor but smart boy. The teacher noticed that he was only coming to school every other day. She found out where he lived, and came to his house. She wanted to talk to his mother and ask why he was skipping school. The boy's mom was at work. Then the teacher told him to pack up and go to school with her. He replied that he could not, saying that day was not his day to study, but his brother's. The teacher was confused. Then the boy explained that his brother and he had only one pair of shoes. They didn't have a father, and their mother's salary was only enough for food. Therefore he and his brother took turns, and that day was his brother's day to wear shoes and go to school. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1： The teacher was shocked.________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： The elderly woman wiped her tears and smiled. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： Paragraph 1： The teacher was shocked. She hugged the boy and said, “Wait for me at home and I will help you.” Then she left the boy's house and went to the mall to buy a new pair of shoes for him. When the boy saw the shoes, he was very excited. But he thought the gift was too expensive for him to accept. The teacher said, “This is a gift for you. You should go to school at your age.” Since then, the boy went to school on time every day. He studied hard and was admitted to a key university. He also succeeded in his career. Paragraph 2： The elderly woman wiped her tears and smiled. She is the teacher. She clasped the boots in one hand and took the man's hand in the other. She said happily to the man, “Good boy, you light up my day. Let me know that kindness can be passed on.” The man replied with a smile: “My dear teacher, you light up my life, and I will always thank you.” 索引 谢 谢 观 看 ！ U N I T 2 　 S U C C E S S $$