内容正文:
常见连词的用法
一、概说
1.连词是一种虚词,用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子,在句子中不单独用作句子成分。
2.连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。
3.并列连词用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子,如and, but, or, for等;
4.从属连词主要引出名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等)和状语从句(时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句等),引出名词性从句的连词如that, whether等,引出状语从句的连词如when, because, since, if 等。
二、并列连词的用法
1. 表示转折关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 but, yet , while
whereas 等。
Someone borrowed my pen, but I don’t remember who.
有人借了我的钢笔,但我不记得是谁了。
He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn’t help us.
他说他是我们的朋友,但却不肯帮助我们。
二、并列连词的用法
2. 表示因果关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 for, so 等。如:
The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor.
这孩子咳得很利害,所以他妈妈带他去看医生。
You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors.
你们一定要克服粗枝大叶,因为粗枝大叶常常引起严重的错误。
注意:for表示结果通常不能放句首,也不能单独使用。
二、并列连词的用法
3.表示增补关系的并列连词有and, both …and.;not only… but also ;neither …nor;as well as .等
I hate it that he both drinks and smokes.
我讨厌他既抽烟又喝酒。
Not only is he funny but he is (also )witty.
他不但风趣,而且也很机智。
Neither Tom nor I am going to attend the meeting.
汤姆和我都不打算参加这个会议。
The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold.
今天天气很温暖,不冷也不热。
二、并列连词的用法
4.表示选择关系的并列连词有or ;either… or; not.…but.等。
People who are either under age or over age may not join the army.
年龄不到或者超龄的人都不得参军。
Is the baby a boy or a girl?
这个婴儿是男孩还是女孩?
Either you or she was wrong.
要么你错,要么她错。
三、从属连词的用法
1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词
(1) 表示“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词。主要的 when, while, as, whenever。如:
Don’t talk while you’re eating.
吃饭时不要说话。
Vegetables are best when they are fresh.
蔬菜新鲜时最好吃。
He came just as I was leaving.
我正要走时他来了。
(2) 表示“在…之前(或之后)”的时间连词。主要的有before, after。如:
Try to finish your work before you leave.
离开前设法把工作做完。
After we have finished tea, we will sit on the grass.
喝完茶之后我们将坐在草地上。
(3) 表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词。主要的有since, until, till。如:
She’s been playing tennis since she was eight.
她从八岁起就打网球了。
Hold on until I fetch help.
坚持一下,等我找人来帮忙。
Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.
(谚)不要无事惹事。
(4) 表示“一…就”的时间连词。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, o