动词不定式和动名词期中复习 2023-2024学年沪教牛津版（广州沈阳通用）八年级英语下册

动词不定式和动名词复习（含习题） 一、当我们讨论动词不定式和动名词时，我们实际上在谈论动词的非谓语形式。这两种形式在语法和用法上有一些差异。 （1）动词不定式（Infinitive）： 动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，通常由"to"加上动词原形构成。例如："to go"、"to eat"、"to read"等。动词不定式可以用作主语、宾语、定语、表语、补语等。 作主语： To travel broadens the mind.（旅行开拓眼界。） To succeed requires hard work.（成功需要努力。） 作宾语： She wants to learn French.（她想学法语。） They decided to go to the beach.（他们决定去海滩。） 作定语： The best way to learn is by doing.（学习的最佳方式是实践。） I need a pen to write with.（我需要一支可以写字的笔。） 作表语： Her dream is to become a doctor.（她的梦想是成为一名医生。） The goal is to win the championship.（目标是赢得冠军。） 作补语： He wants to be a pilot.（他想成为一名飞行员。） She chose to study economics.（她选择学习经济学。） （2）动名词（Gerund）： 动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，以-ing结尾，可以作为名词使用。动名词可以作为主语、宾语、定语、表语、补语等。 作主语： Swimming is good exercise.（游泳是很好的锻炼。） Singing makes her happy.（唱歌使她开心。） 作宾语： I enjoy playing guitar.（我喜欢弹吉他。） They avoid making mistakes.（他们避免犯错误。） 作定语： The running water is refreshing.（流动的水很清爽。） I saw a dancing girl.（我看到一个跳舞的女孩。） 作表语： Her favorite activity is painting.（她最喜欢的活动是绘画。） The important thing is learning from mistakes.（重要的是从错误中学习。） 作补语： They appreciate her singing.（他们欣赏她的歌声。） He enjoys reading books.（他喜欢读书。） 二、习题训练 1. 动词不定式或动名词？在括号中填入适当的形式。 · I enjoy __________ (read) books in my free time. · He promised __________ (help) me with my homework. · Swimming in the lake is a lot of fun. I love __________ (swim). · My goal is __________ (learn) a new language this year. · She decided __________ (quit) her job and start her own business. · It's important __________ (eat) a healthy diet and exercise regularly. · I hate __________ (clean) the house. It's so boring. · They are planning __________ (travel) to Europe next summer. 答案： reading to help swimming to learn to quit to eat cleaning to travel 2. 选择正确的动名词或动词不定式形式来完成句子。 · She enjoys __________ (cook / cooking) delicious meals for her family. · It's time for us __________ (leave / to leave) the party. · I can't stand __________ (listen / listening) to loud music. · They decided __________ (buy / to buy) a new car. · He su