Unit4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

过去分词 1.过去分词基本构成：“动词原形+ed”.部分过去分词有特殊形式变化 。 2.过去分词不能单独用作谓语，过去分词保留着动词的部分特性，有完成或被动含义。在句法功能上，过去分词(短语)与形容词或副词作用类似，在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾补、表语等成分。 过去分词形式作定语 1.过去分词修饰名词或代词作定语，与被修饰名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系。通常表被动或完成。 2.过去分词作定语时一般位于所修饰的名词之前,过分分词短语通常位于所修饰的名词之后。 1.Don’t drink the polluted water. 2.Do you know the boy called Tom? 过去分词做宾语补足语 I found my car stolen. 2. We must get the work finished by 10 o’clock. 3.You should make yourself understood 宾语 宾部补足语 被动关系 过去分词做宾语补足语 The relationship between the object and the past participle He got his bad tooth pulled out yesterday. He found his new bike stolen. 1. 及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾 补时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的 _____ 关系。 被动 She found her necklace gone on her way home. I found the leaves fallen two days ago. 2. 少数不及物动词如 go, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作 _____。因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。 完成 On coming in, I found a girl seated in the corner. I like her dressed in red. 3. 动词 seat, hide, dress 等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示宾语的 _____，而不表示被动或完成的意义。 状态 使役动词make,have,get,keep leave等可以接过去分词做宾语补足语。构成动词+sb/sth+过去分词的结构。表示使某人某物被怎么样 e.g. I must have my bike repaired. I raised my voice to make myself heard. They kept the door locked for a long time. 3.使役动词make,have,get,keep leave等还可以接省略to的不定式做宾语补足语.构成动词+sb/sth+动词原型。表示使某人某物做某事 1.The boss made them work the whole night. 2.The speaker raised her voice to make them hear what she said. 3. 感官动词 watch, notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find可以接过去分词做宾语补足语. e.g. When we got to school, we saw the door locked. We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops. I heard someone _______ me. I heard my name ______. calling called 过去分词与宾语之间是被动，完成的关系 现在分词与宾语之间是主动，正在进行的关系 1. Compare the past participle used as the object complement with the present participle. I saw him _______ in bed. I saw him _____ by a dog. sleeping bitten I saw her taken out of the classroom. I saw her come into the classroom. 过去分词强调与宾语之间的被动关系， 表示动作已完成。不定式强调动作发生的全过程. 4. 表示愿望,想法的词 want, wish, w