动词不定式的用法和练习学案-2024届高三英语二轮复习

动词不定式的用法+练习 一、动词不定式的构成:基本形式:_____________否定形式:_____________ 时态 主动式 被动式 一般 进行 无 完成 完成进行 无 二、动词不定式的时态和语态 一般式：to do / to be done I asked him to attend the meeting. The theme park, to be opened in 2025, will attract people all over the country. 进行式：to be doing He seems to be reading English poems. 完成式：to have done / to have been done He is said to have translated the book into English last year. He claimed to have been badly treated in the supermarket when he was shopping yesterday. 完成进行式：to have been doing She is said to have been writing the novel about New York for many years. 三、动词不定式的句法作用 1. 作主语：不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前，谓语动词用单数。 To see is to believe． 句型1：It + 谓语 + to do It takes us an hour _______ (get) there by bus. 句型2：It’s + n + to do It is a great enjoyment _________ (spend) our holiday in the mountains. 句型3：It is adj for / of sb to do sth It is + adj + for sb to do sth此句型for sb（形容______的性质） It is + adj + of sb to do sth此句型of sb（形容____的品质/特征） 句型4： 不定式与疑问词who, whom, whose ,what, which,when, where, how等连用构成短语作主语。 How to use the computer is a question. 2. 作表语 1）如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是_______（表示结果）（一致性）。 To do two things at a time is ______ (do) neither. 2) be to do, be about to do 结构表示 时，系动词 be，appear，seem，prove后用 作 。 He is to marry Rose. He was about ________ (enter) when he heard a cry. 3) 如果主语内容是以 aim, duty, hope, idea, happiness, job, plan, problem, purpose, thing, wish 等为中心的名词，不定式作表语对_____语的______作具体说明. His wish is ________ (buy) a car in the near future. The most important thing is __________ (take) measures to prevent the pollution. 3. 作宾语 1. He said he wished _______ (be) a professor. 2. My daughter preferred _______ (dance) when she was in her twenties. 常见动词有： want, decide, agree, wish, hope, promise, choose, need 注意：I find / feel _______ interesting to work with him. 注意：不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语 ，而用 it 作