Unit 4 Fun with Science Grammar and composition 含蓄虚拟语气（二）导学案-2023-2024学年高中英语译林版（2020）选修第一册

虚拟语气（二） （一）在英语中，表示假想或非真实情况，而不表示客观存在的事实时，常用虚拟语气。虚拟语气常见于含有条件状语从句的句子中。 虚拟语气 条件状语从句谓语动词 主句谓语动词 与现在事实相反的假设 过去式(be动词一般用were) would/should/could/might+动词原形 与过去事实相反的假设 had+过去分词 would/should/could/might+have+过去分词 与将来事实相反的假设 过去式或 were to / should+动词原形 would/should/ could/ might+动词原形 （二）有时假设的条件不通过条件状语从句表达出来，而是隐含在某些词或短语中，或隐含在上下文中，这叫含蓄条件句。 一．常用的这类词或短语有: without, with, but for, otherwise, or I couldn't have gone through that bitter period without your generous help. We __________________(put) John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ___________________(visit) more places of interest yesterday. 二．虚拟语气用于名词性从句 虚拟语气 从句谓语动词 与现在事实相反 过去式(be动词一般用were) 与过去事实相反 had+过去分词 对将来的愿望 would/ could+动词原形 Point 1 虚拟语气在wish后的宾语从句中的用法 --Where are the children? The dinner's going to be completely ruined. --I wish they weren't always late. I wish I______________(tell) him the way to the supermarket. I wish you ______________(go) with us tomorrow. Point 2 在表示建议、提议、命令、要求等的动词后的宾语从句中，常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”。常见的此类动词有：一坚持: ___________; 二命令: order, _________; 四建议: suggest, advise, _____________, recommend;五要求: require, ___________, ___________, desire , urge The graduate insisted that he ______________(go) to work in the south. The leaders ordered that a fact-finding group _____________________(form). 【特别注意】当suggest意为“暗示，表明”, insist意为“坚持认为，坚持说”时，后接的宾语从句应当用陈述语气，不用虚拟语气。 His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision. He insisted that he hadn't stolen the money. Point 3 表示建议、提议、命令、要求等的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”。常见的这类名词有: advice demand desire idea motion order plan proposal request suggestion His demand is that the boy（should) go with them. We agreed to the order that the task ____________________(complete) before 5 o' clock. 虚拟语气 从句谓语动词 与现在/将来事实相反 过去式(be动词一般用were) 与过去事实相反 had+过去分词 Point 4 在would rather后的宾语从句中： I would rather I _________(leave) now. I would ra