Unit 1 Our living planet知识清单 2023-2024学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选修第一册

选修一Unit 1 知识清单 1、 重要单词讲解 1. evolve vi. & vt. 进化，演化；（使）逐渐形成，逐步发展，逐渐演变 evolve from 从……进化/演化而来 evolve into 逐步发展成为…… evolution n. 进化；演变，发展，渐进 [u] The company has evolved into a major chemical manufacturer. 这家公司已逐步发展成为一家大型的化工厂。 2. capture vt. 俘获，捕获；用武力夺取，攻取；夺得，赢得；引起，吸引 n.（被）捕获，（被）俘获 capture one’s attention/interest/imagination 引起某人的注意/兴趣/想象 capture one’s heart 赢得某人的好感/爱意 Government troops have succeeded in capturing the rebel leader. 意为：俘获 Nanjing was captured by the Japanese troops in 1937. 意为：攻取 3. scarce adj. 缺乏的，稀少的 scarcely adv. 勉强，刚；几乎不，简直不 scarcely had sb done when sb did 刚一……就…… 他刚放下电话，门铃就响了。 He had scarcely laid down his phone when the doorbell rang. Scarcely had he laid down his phone when the doorbell rang. 4. await vt. 即将发生在，降临到某人头上；等候，等待 await sb=wait for sb. 等候某人 A warm welcome awaits all our guests. 我们的客人都将受到热烈的欢迎。 5. leap n. 跳跃，跳高；骤变，激增 vt. & vi. 跳，跳跃；猛冲，突然做（某事）； 骤增，猛涨 (leapt-leapt） a leap year 闰年 Look before you leap 三思而后行 They leapt to their feet. 他们立即站了起来。 The price leapt from...to...价格猛涨... 6. spin vi. & vt. （使）快速旋转；（使）急转身，急转弯；纺线，纺纱 (spun-spun) n. 高速旋转 [c/u] My head is spinning. 我觉得天旋地转。 7. lay down 积存；规定，制定；放下，停止使用； 1) It is laid down that all candidates must submit three copies of their dissertation.据规定 2) If you eat too much, the surplus（营养过剩)） is laid down as fat. 积存 3) She laid the book down on the table. 放下 8. crack vt./vi. 砸开，砸碎；破裂，裂开；猛击；（使）发出爆裂声 n. 裂缝，缝隙；爆裂声 crack a nut 把坚果砸开 His face cracked into a smile.他的脸绽出笑容。 9. close up（使）变狭窄；（使）靠拢，靠紧；（尤指临时）关门停业，锁上门 （伤口）愈合；避而不谈（思想感情） 1) Every time he tried to speak, his throat closed up with fear. 意为：变狭窄 2) Traffic was heavy and cars were closing up behind each other. 意为：靠拢，靠紧 3) Why don’t we close up and go out for lunch? 意为：关门停业，锁上门 4) She closed up when I asked about her family. 意为：避而不谈（思想感情） 5) The soldier’s wound is close to closing up. 意为：（伤口）愈合 6) The entrance to the train station was closed up following the explosion. 爆炸发生后随即封锁了火车站入口。 10. thrive vi. 茁壮成长，蓬勃发展 thriving adj. 欣欣