内容正文:
专题一 主语从句
知识点:
一、主语从句,即由从句作主语。主语从句通常可归纳为三类:
1. 由that引导的主语从句(主语从句是肯定句或否定句)
2. 由whether引导的主语从句(主语从句是一般疑问句或选择疑问句)
3. 由疑问句what, which, when, where, whom, how, how often, how much, how many, how long, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever, why, who等引导的主语从句(主语从句是特殊疑问句)。
二、主语从句的语序是:
1. that+ 陈述句的语序
2. whether+ 陈述句的语序
3. “wh”开头的疑问句+陈述句的语序
三、遇到what is the matter with…?和what is wrong with…?作主语从句时,疑问句的语序不变。
四、当主句的动词是be动词,matter,amaze, surprise, worry和一些动词短语如make no difference, come to one’s notice, come to one’s attention等时,句子可改成以it 开头。
翻译练习:
一、汉译英
1. 他讲得精确而又有智谋,使在场的人感到很吃惊。(surprise)
2. 她在困难面前永不退缩,这应该得到我们的赞扬和尊敬。(our praise and respect)
3. 重要的不是输赢而是参与。(But)
4. 女演员在发型、化妆及服装方面跟上时代的潮流是必要的。(Keeps up with current trends)
5. 很难预测到研究人员是否能在一两年内在癌症治疗方面有所突破。(In the treatment of cancer)
6. 他英语学得怎样从某种程度上说取决于他看过英语读物的数量。(to some extent)
7. 教孩子们学会分享玩具会增进他们的友谊。(share toys with each other)
8. 没人知道她将会做什么来解决他们之间的争吵。(settle the quarrel)
9. 见到高中的老朋友让他高兴是我预料中的。(old friends from high school)
10. 他从小学就被归类为坏孩子,这真是荒唐。(ridiculous)
11. 他健康状况开始恶化,这彻底改变了他的性格。(transform)
12. 把钱投资于高产出的领域被证明是正确的。(the high-yielding field)
13. 她开不起玩笑指的是别人开她玩笑时她会生气。(take a joke)
14. 总统到达机场前加强安全防范是必要的。(tighten up their security)
15. 出乎我意料的是这家饭店融合了中式和西式料理(a combination of Chinese and Western cuisine).
汉译英答案:
1.That he spoke with accuracy and resourcefulness surprised everyone present.
That he spoke accurately and resourcefully got everyone present surprised.
2. That she never shrinks before difficulties is worthy of our praise and respect.
3. What matters is not winning or losing but participation.
What is important is not winning or losing but taking part.
4. Whether the researchers can breakthrough in the treatment of cancer in a year of two is hard to predict.
Whether the researchers can make breakthrough in the treatment of cancer in one or two years is difficult to prophesy.
5. How he learns English, to some extent, depends on the number of English books he has read.
How he learns English, to some extent, is determined b