专题18 主题专练之“人与自然” - 2024年高考英语考前60天专题大突破（真题精练+策略指导+模拟提升）

专题18 主题专练之“人与自然” 知考法 明考向: 考点1. 环境与遗产保护 随着环境问题日益成为全世界共同关注的问题,有关“环境与遗产保护”话题的文章在高考中也频频出现。这些文章的内容通常是引导考生关注生态，保护环境,提高人与自然共处的意识和增强环保意识。 考点2. 人与动植物 关于“人与动植物”话题的文章多是说明文。其内容大多是围绕“人与动植物的相互影响”而展开介绍,诸如人类在一定程度上破坏了动植物的栖息地，狩猎等导致某些动物的濒临灭绝……，而这些反过来又影响了人类。因此,考生要从“人要保护动植物、与动植物和睦相处、和谐共存”的角度去考虑问题。 识主题 记词汇 1. endangered adj.濒危的,濒于灭绝的 2.threaten v.恐吓;对……构成威胁 3.illegal adj、不合法的,非法的 4.extinction n.灭绝 5.disappear v.不见，消失 6. food chain食物链 7. species n.物种;种类 8. imbalanced adj.失衡的;失调的 9. consequence n.结果,后果 10.awareness n.意识;了解 11. loss n.损失;丧失 12. surroundings n.(周围的)环境 13.wetland n.潮湿的土壤,沼泽地 14. wildlife n.野生生物 15.frog n.青蛙 16. turtle n.龟;海龟 17. deer n.鹿 18. bank n.银行;埂,堤岸 19. restore vt.使恢复;修复 20. conservation n.保护;节约 21.victim n.受害者，罹难者 22. ecosystem n.生态系统 23. border n.边界(地区);边疆 v.毗邻 24.peak n.山峰;最高点v.达到高峰;达到最高值 25.ancient adj.古代的;古老的 n.古人 26.tribal adj.部落的,部族的n.部落成员 27.(be) known as 被称为,被公认为 28. name after 以……起名 29. ancestor n.祖宗,祖先 30. impact n.影响,作用;撞击,冲撞vi.&.vt.有影响;冲击 练模拟 提能力 Passage 1 （2024·浙江绍兴·一模）A team of Dutch researchers has discovered that magpies (喜鹊) are using metal spikes (things with sharp points) designed to keep them away from certain urban areas to make their own nests stronger and keep invaders at bay. Scientists have known for a while that magpies are some of the most intelligent birds in the world, but even they were puzzled by their amazing ability to adapt to hostile urban environments. It’s not unusual for birds to use human trash as tools and building materials for their nests, but seeing them use the very things we humans use against them was nothing short of puzzling for researchers at the Natural History Museum in Rotterdam and the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden, in the Netherlands. “I didn’t expect this. These anti bird spikes are meant to deter birds, they are supposed to scare them off, but on the contrary, the birds just use them.” Kees Moeliker, the director of the Natural History Museum Rotterdam, told The Guardian. One particularly impressiv