2024年中考英语二轮复习语法专题：使役动词和系动词 考点总结点睛（讲义）

2024年初三英语中考二轮复习 【语法专题】 使役动词和系动词 考点总结点睛(讲义) 【全国版本通用】 第一部分:使役动词 Jack had us waiting for him three hours yesterday. 翻译:杰克昨天让我们等了他三个小时。 使役动词——使,让,令 make, have, let ——【v sb do sth】使某人做某事。 He makes me laugh.他使我发笑。 I let him go.我让他走开。 Please have him come here.请让他到这里来。 Jack had us waiting for him three hours yesterday. 昨天杰克让我们一直等了他三个小时。 【have sb+现在分词doing】 让某人或某物,连续进行某动作/处于某状态中 宾语,和宾语补足语(做某事),之间,是主动的关系。 Don't have the baby crying! 不要让婴儿一直哭闹! You'd better have your car running slowly. 你最好把车子开慢点。 The teacher won't have us running around in the classroom. 老师不允许我们在教师里到处乱跑。 He had his TV set repaired yesterday. 翻译:他昨天让人把电视机修好了。 He had his TV set repaired yesterday. 他昨天让人把电视机修好了。 【have sth done】 主语让别人完成某事。 sth,和done之间,形成了一种被动的关系。 I have my hair cut every month. 我每个月都让我的头发被修理 You'd better have your teeth pulled out. 你最好把你的牙齿拔出来。 George had his wallet stolen on the bus yesterday. 昨天在公交上,乔治的钱包被偷了。 Please have your tickets ready. 翻译:请准备好你的票。 have sth+副词/介词短语 使...处于什么状态。 Please have your tickets ready. 请准备好你的票。(使ticket处于ready的状态) The Emperor had nothing on. 这位皇帝什么都没在做。(使nothing on的状态) I am sure I'll have him in the argument. 我相信我会让他参加辩论的。 You'd better have your money ready. 你最好把钱准备好。 考点点睛 在英语当中,所谓的使役动词,就是那些,能够翻译成,使,让,或是令等含义的不完全及物动词,而在中学阶段,常见的使役动词他们有三个,分别是make, have,以及 let。我们说,这三个词共同的特点是,都可以构成,v sb do sth使某人做某事的形式。比如说,He makes me laugh.他使我发笑。I let him go.我让他走开。以及,Please have him come here.请让他到这里来。等等。 而除此之外,这三个动词之间,也各自有着一些不同用法。今天,咱们主要讲have作为使役动词的主要用法。首先咱们看第一个例句:Jack had us waiting for him three hours yesterday.昨天杰克让我们一直等了他三个小时。我们说当have sb后边一旦加了现在分词的时候,他就表示:让某人或某物,连续进行某动作,或处于某状态中,可见在语态上,这里的宾语,和宾语补足语,做某事,之间,是一种主动的关系。类似的例句像是Don't have the baby crying!不要让婴儿一直哭闹!You'd better have your car running slowly. 你最好把车子开慢点。The teacher won't have us running around in the classroom.老师不允许我们在教师里到处乱跑。等等。 而此外,我们说have还有第二个用法,叫做,have sth done,也就是have +宾语再加过去分词的形式。比如说第二句话He had his TV set repaired yesterday.他昨天让人把电视机修好了。这时,我们说have sth+done是在表示一种,主语的主观意志,即主语让别人为自己完成某事,做这件事情的人一定不是他自己而是别人。而这里的sth,和done之间,就天然的形