Unit 6 Earth first Understanding ideas 学案-2023-2024学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第二册

Unit 6 词汇学案 1. shark：音译词“鲨鱼” 2. scare：近义词：frighten； 派生词：scary, scared (分词形容词) 词块：scare … away / off 3. due to = because of 4. dive：一词多义：基本义“向下冲” 隐喻：具体的“跳水” → 抽象的“冲向；俯冲” 词块：dive into, go diving； 派生词：diver 5. target：隐喻：具体的“靶子（目标）”→ 抽象的“目标（靶子）” 词块：set a target, achieve / realise one’s target, target audience 名词动词化：be targeted at 6. fortunately：fortunate + -ly；同义词 luckily，句子副词 词族：fortune, fortunate, fortunately, unfortunate, unfortunately 7. extinction：extinct (adj 灭绝的) + -tion 词块：be in danger of / be on the edge of extinction 8. attitude：精准的汉语释义“态度” 词块：a good / bad / positive / negative attitude towards / to sth 9. devote：由de- (表示强调) + -vote (to vow 说、发愿)构成。词源义是“发下宏愿”，引申为“致力于”“献身于”。 词块：devote oneself to, devote … to 10. ocean：英式英语用sea，美式英语用ocean 11. highlight：high + light，原为绘画术语，即最明亮的部分，后引申为“做标记、强调” 12. cruelty：cruel (adj 残忍的) + -y (名词后缀) 13. hunting：hunt (v 打猎) + -ing； 词块：go hunting 词族：hunt, hunter, hunting 14. presentation：present + -ation； 词块：give a presentation 15. reserve：re- (back 回) + -servare (protect 保护) 同根词：observe (必修一U3) 词块：reserve the right to do sth, reserve a room, oil reserves, a wildlife reserve 派生词：reservation (make a reservation) 16. staff：精准的汉语释义“全体职工”，作主语时谓语动词用复数 17. establish：近义词：set up, open, found (found更强调注入资金) 词块：establish oneself as 派生词：established (an established company 老牌公司) 18. damage：精准的汉语释义“损害；损坏” 词块：cause / do damage to 19. flood：隐喻：具体的“洪水” → 抽象的“大量 / 大批” 名词动词化（基本义“像洪水一样涌入”） 20. affect：基本义“影响”；熟词生义：使感动；使感染 (疾病) 21. supply：n 词块：school / medical supplies, supply and demand, the electricity supply； v 词块： supply sth to sb / supply sb with sth 22. restore：re- (back 回) + store (储存) → 重新放回储存 → 恢复、修复 23. adopt：ad (to 去) + opt (选择) → 选择然后采用 → 采纳 → 选择后领走 → 收养 同根词：option (必修一U3) 派生词：adopted 24. sustainable：sustain (v 维持)