Unit 7 Art Lesson 1 Masterpieces 语法名词性从句课件-2023-2024学年高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第三册

第一讲　句子成分 1.主语（subject)： 主语是一个句子的主题，是句子所陈述的主体，一般放于句首，可以是人，也可以是物，指动作的执行者。 例:那个学生问了老师一些问题. The student asked the teacher some questions. 主语 例:天气非常好. The weather is very nice. 主语 2.谓语 谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样” , 有简单动词和动词短语构成。一般放在主语之后： 3 2.谓语 谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样” , 有简单动词和动词短语构成。： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock. 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如： You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如： We are students. 注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。 4 3.宾语表示动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者，通常位于及物动词和介词后面。 She covered her face with her hands. Do you mind opening the window? He wants to dream a nice dream. We need know that he is a good boy. 名词 n 动名词 to do不定式 句子 4. 表语： 表语主要用于表述主语的特征，状态，身份等。它位于连系动词后，构成系表结构。 连系动词 I am a teacher. This kind of fruit tastes very delicious. 1.be动词(am, is, are, was, were) 3.感官动词(look, smell, hear, feel…) +表语 2.get/become/turn The girl got worried. 5. 定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。 定语可由以下等词性表示： China is a developing country; His rapid progress in English made us surprised. Tom is a boy who likes music very much. （分词） （pron.代词） （定语从句） 6. 状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。通常由副词，介词短语和从句充当．状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、伴随情况等。 I arrived late because of the traffic jam . We'll send a car to fetch you. 原因状语 目的状语 7. 宾语补足语：英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，对宾语进行适当地补充说明，才能使句子的意义完整。 We try to make our country strong. We found everything in good order there. I should advise you to get the chance. I saw him going upstairs. 形容词 介词短语 to do 不定式 现在分词 doing 宾语和宾语补足语一起构成宾语的复合结构 8.同位语：对前面的名词或代词做进一步的解释，通常由名词、数词、代词或从句担任，如： That boy, my classmate, is called Li Ming. They each want to do something different. There was no doubt that he had done wrong to her. The news that our team got the first prize made everyone so excited. _________ n. 代词 ____ 同位语从句 _______________________ 同位语从句 10 主语 谓语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 同位语