内容正文:
【高考英语阅读理解主旨题】
1. 什么是主旨题?主旨大意题说白了就是要求同学们概括文章的主旨或者某个段落的主旨;如果考察某个段落的细节那也是考察文章的主题,因为文章段落也是从属于文章。
2. 主旨题的题型分类:
①从考察的本质来看,其中分为文章主旨和段落主旨
A. 文章主旨:要么首段首句或者首段尾句,要么尾段首句或者尾段尾句,要么各个段落段首句串联归纳,要么通过串联题干进行归纳(这是最直接的方法)
B. 段落主旨:要么从对应段落的段首句,要么从对应段落的段末句,要么通过上面提及的串联题干的方法,最后一招就是从文章的感情色彩进行判断(这是一种冒险的方法,慎用!)
②从考察的形式来看,其中分为主旨类题目,写作目的类,标题归纳类
A. 主旨类题目。一般情况下信号词里面有mainly about/discuss, mainly/chiefly/primarily concerned with,main /best idea
B. 写作目的类题目。一般情况下信号词里面有main purpose, is meant to,intends to
C. 标题归纳类题目。一般情况下信号词里面有the best title
3. 主旨题解题方法论
(1)段落主旨:
(2) 文章主旨:
(3) 标题归纳类
【高考英语阅读理解主旨题小题大做】
(1) 篇章主旨题
1.解题技法:
①关键位置突破法:
A. 题干:我们可以把题干串联然后归纳主题词
B. 首段:我们可以通过首段的行文逻辑找出段落主题句,比如说首段首句是一个疑问句,然后后面是一个陈述句,那么这个句子极大可能是个主题句
C. 各段段首句:我们可以通过圈画各个段落的段首句的关键词,然后串联起来,提取主题词或者文章主旨句
D. 末段:同样地,我们可以通过末段的行文逻辑找出主题句,一般情况下在末段的文章主旨句都会带有信号词,比如说:in fact, after a while, consequently,last but not the least, what’s
more, as a result,to conclude, in a conclusion等等总结性词汇
②行文逻辑推导法:
A. 转折:一般情况下转折的行文逻辑带有信号词:however,but,instead, by contrast, comparatively, as a matter of fact, actually
B. 因果:一般情况下因果关系的行文逻辑带有信号词therefore, thus, in short, conclude,to be a conclusion, as a result, particularly
③词汇复现推导法。一般情况下会在文章的关键位置出现词汇重现,其中包括原词重现,词汇的同义替换,或者通过文章的行文逻辑进行逻辑推导。
2.真题演练:
27. What can we learn from this passage?【2023年北京高考卷】
我们能从这段话中学到什么?
A. An invitation is a reputation. 邀请是一种声誉。
B. An innovation is a resolution.创新是一种解决方案。
C. A rejection can be a redirection. 拒绝可以是重定向。
D. A reflection can be a restriction.反射可以是一种限制
When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about.
Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the o