课时跟踪检测(11)（Word练习）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（译林版2020）

课时跟踪检测(十一) [对应学生用书P221] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．I should have charged (充电) my cellphone last night. Now the battery is running out. 2．The actor was born in a village_surrounded (围绕) by some tall trees. 3．It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates (表明) that the numbers have been rising for some time. 4．The accident (事故) was similar to the one that happened in 1973. 5．Two people got trapped in the lift this morning when the electricity (电) was cut off. 6．Jack is an intelligent (聪明的)student，but he lacks motivation. 7．Too many voices in the scientific community have been raised in his favour (支持). 8．It is reported that he will meet with senior American politicians (政治家) next week. 9．Thunder and lightning (闪电) are not caused by Gods' being angry. 10．To confirm his theory (理论)，he did a great number of experiments. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The murderer was brought in，with his hands tied (tie) behind his back. 2．The old man lay on the beach at ease，exposed (expose) to the sun. 3．When taken (take) according to the directions，the drug has no side effect. 4．Don't leave that man over there waiting (wait) outside and show him in now. 5．I'd like you to look at a study conducted (conduct) in Australia in 2020. 6．The surprised (surprise) look showed that she hadn't known the experiment. 7．John Snow told the story about the astonished (astonish) people in Broad Street. 8．While exploring the old house，he decided to have the whole house painted (paint) soon. 9．When she found her mobile devices thrown (throw) away，she was very angry. 10．We went to the cinema with the friendly household，filled (fill) with excitement. Ⅲ.阅读下面短文，分析并说出画线部分所作的句子成分Ｋ 1．Born in a mountain village，Tom was interested in something involved agriculture.When he was young，he often helped his father with the crops 2.damaged in the heavy rain.When he grew up，he was admitted into a famous university，where he majored in agriculture.After graduation，he joined a team 3.set_up by an old expert with enough professional knowledge.When 4.faced_with a natural disaster，some farmers were often helpless.Tom and his team often helped them to have their confidence 5.improved．They also showed them how to save the damaged crops and how to have the production 6.doubled.Most of the local farmers thought highly of the team.7.Praised by the farmers，Tom worked harder than before.In his opinion，it was his duty to help the farmers out when they got into trouble. 1．状语　2.定语　3.定语　4.状语　5.宾补　6.宾补　 7．状语 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2021·全国甲卷)Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries. Let's state clearly：Einstein was a genius.His face is almost the international symbol for genius.But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself.Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they? In the sciences and arts，those praised as geniuses were most often white men，of European origin.Perhaps this is not a surprise.It's said that history is written by the victors，and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club.When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women，or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others. A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six，girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别) are “really，really smart”．Even worse，the study found that girls act on that belief：Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really，really smart”．Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer：absolutely not. Here's the good news.In a wired world with constant global communication，we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.And the more we look，the more we will see that social factors(因素) like gender，race，and class do not determine the appearance of genius.As a writer says，future geniuses come from those with “intelligence，creativity，perseverance(毅力)，and simple good fortune，who are able to change the world”． [语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了“天才”的定义标准及其演变。 1．What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club? A．They're unfair. B．They're conservative. C．They're objective. D．They're strict. A　[推理判断题。根据第三段“In the sciences and arts...women，or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.”可知，历史是由胜利者书写的，被认定为天才的大多是有欧洲血统的白人男性，而做出贡献的女性或不同肤色的人则不被认可，因此作者认为这样的标准并不公平。] 2．What can we infer about girls from the study in Science? A．They think themselves smart. B．They look up to great thinkers. C．They see gender differences earlier than boys. D．They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs. D　[推理判断题。根据第四段的内容尤其是“Even worse，the study found that girls act on that belief...”可知，研究发现女孩受到社会观念的影响，从六岁起就不怎么说她们当中有人“非常非常聪明”，也会避免参加一些据说是“针对非常非常聪明的孩子”的活动。] 3．Why are more geniuses known to the public? A．Improved global communication. B．Less discrimination against women. C．Acceptance of victors' concepts. D．Changes in people's social positions. A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In a wired world with constant global communication，we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.”可知，现代社会的全球交流使得越来越多的天才能够为人所知。] 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Geniuses Think Alike B．Genius Takes Many Forms C．Genius and Intelligence D．Genius and Luck B　[标题归纳题。本文在第一段提出了数百年来人们一直关注的问题：什么是天才。接着作者讲述了过去人们对天才的认定以及社会观念对天才的认定标准的影响，最后作者讲到随着时代的发展、全球交流的加强，天才可以是各行各业任意一个能够改变世界的人，故B项适合作本文的标题。] B Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century, but also a gifted and enthusiastic musician. He once said that had he not been a scientist, he would have been a musician. “Life without playing music is unthinkable for me，” he said. “I live my daydreams in music. I get most joy in life out of music.” Einstein's mother, Pauline, was a talented pianist who brought music to life in the family home. Einstein began to learn the violin at the age of 6. However, he worked hard until discovering the joys of Mozart's sonatas (奏鸣曲) at the age of 13. From that point on, although he had no further lessons, his violin remained his companion (伴侣). When Einstein moved to Aarau in Switzerland in 1895 to complete his schooling, he seemed to have devoted a good deal of his time to music. Just before his 17th birthday Einstein played at a music examination in the school. The examiner reported that “a student called Einstein shone in a deeply felt performance of one of the Beethoven sonatas”. In addition to his great skill in playing the violin, he also played the piano and, in particular, loved to improvise (即兴创作). In later life, Einstein's reputation as a physicist often led to invitations to perform at benefit concerts, which he generally accepted happily. At one such event, a critic — not knowing Einstein's real reputation as a physicist — wrote, “Einstein plays excellently. However, his world wide reputation is undeserved. There are many violinists who are just as good.” Probably the summary of Einstein the violinist that comes nearest to the mark comes from his friend Janos Plesch, who wrote, “There are many musicians with much better skills, but none, I believe, who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了物理学家爱因斯坦对音乐的热爱与投入。 5．We learn from Paragraph 1 that Einstein ________． A．had a great love for music B．enjoyed daydreaming in music C．had stopped playing music for a while D．preferred to be a musician rather than a scientist A　[推理判断题。由第一段中的“a gifted and enthusiastic musician”和爱因斯坦所说的话可知，爱因斯坦非常热爱音乐。] 6．After discovering the joys of Mozart's sonatas, Einstein ________． A．began to create his own music B．spent a lot of time playing his violin C．started learning the piano by himself D．moved to Switzerland to learn the violin B　[细节理解题。由第二段中的“From that point on, although he had no further lessons, his violin remained his companion(伴侣).”可知，爱因斯坦在13岁时发现莫扎特奏鸣曲的乐趣，从那时开始，小提琴一直陪伴他左右。] 7．What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A．Einstein did excellently in the examination. B．Einstein's life in Aarau affected his musical taste. C．Einstein's performance disappointed the examiner. D．Einstein practiced the Beethoven sonatas for his birthday. A　[推理判断题。由第三段中的“The examiner reported that‘a student called Einstein shone in a deeply felt performance of one of the Beethoven sonatas’”可知，考官对爱因斯坦在考试中的表现赞赏有加。] 8．By mentioning the critic's words, the author probably wants to show ________． A．Einstein didn't live up to his reputation B．Einstein was also an outstanding violinist C．Einstein played better than professional violinists D．Einstein wished there would be more benefit concerts B　[推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“Einstein plays excellently. However, his worldwide reputation is undeserved. There are many violinists who are just as good.”可知，爱因斯坦是名出色的小提琴家。] Ⅱ.七选五 Every student has his/her own style of studying and it's up to you to use the available resources to be as effective and productive as possible.Here are some tips on how to study effectively. •Know yourself.When determining the best approach，you need to assess your personality.Some people can read for hours while others can't sit still through more than one chapter.Find your pace，improve it and work around your strengths and weaknesses.__1__ If you prefer being alone，learn to study by yourself. •Set a goal.__2__ It'll not only help you keep focused and stay on track，but it'll also help you organize your time and activities. •Learn over time.It's impossible to learn a lot of things in a short time.If you don't know or understand the lesson from the start，you won't get it the night before your big test.__3__ •__4__ Allocate(分配) your time between studying and other activities.Create a routine schedule for your studying time.Strictly follow this schedule so as to develop an effective studying session. •Have time to rest.It's necessary to have enough time to rest in order to regain all the energy used up by the body from all the studying.__5__ Communicate with other people and participate in recreational activities to help you relax and refresh your mind. Following the tips above，you can easily have your way of studying effectively! A．Have good study habits. B．Set a realistic and reasonable schedule. C．Try to discover the type of reading that best suits you. D．Your mind won't be so sharp if you don't have enough sleep. E．You need to determine what you want to achieve in a given subject. F．If you need other people to help you，get a tutor(家教) or join a study group. G．It's best to study smaller loads of information repeatedly over a period of time. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一些关于如何有效学习的建议。 1．F　[结合后文“如果你喜欢独处，就学会自学”，F项“如果你需要其他人帮助你，找一个家教或加入一个学习小组。”与后文有明显的对比含义，但均为描述围绕自己的个性确定最佳方法。故选F项。] 2．E　[结合前文“需要设定一个目标”，E项“你需要确定你想在一个给定的科目上取得什么成绩。”与前文的“goal”相对应，具体解释设定的目标。故选E项。] 3．G　[前文提到“在短时间内学很多东西是不可能的”，G项“最好在一段时间内反复研究少量的信息。”为前文的结论，既然短时间内不可能学很多东西，因此最好在一段时间内反复研究少量的信息。故选G项。] 4．B　[后文提到“为你的学习时间制定一个常规时间表。严格按照这个时间表进行，以便形成一个有效的学习周期。” B项“制定一个现实、合理的时间表。”总结本段的内容，与后文“schedule”对应。故选B项。] 5．D　[前文提到“需要有时间休息”，D项“如果你没有足够的睡眠，你的头脑就不会那么敏锐。”“rest”与“sleep”对应，阐述没有足够多时间休息的后果。故选D项。] Ⅲ.语法填空 I lost my last debate in the recent National High School Academic Debate & Speech Tournament held in Shanghai.But instead of focusing on my 1.________(fail), I stopped to reflect on my experiences in the past few years 2.______ a debater. In general, preparing for new debate topics usually 3.________ (include) brainstorming arguments, researching a resolution (解决), and doing debate practice.So if you spot a debating group, you might see us sitting together after school, or even all day at weekends, discussing arguments and researching evidence.You might also notice us arguing 4.________ (fierce) anywhere we can. Not only are they supportive, but my debate friends also have similar passions and interests to mine. As we discuss debate topics, my fellow debaters and I can talk about anything, from 5.________ best way of rehabilitating (改造) criminals to the negative points of free immigration policies.However, our discussions are more than just a way 6.________ (practice) our debating skills.In my mind, they help us to become calm and consider 7.________ (win) and solving real problems as well. To me, the debating community is a great place 8.________ people help each other not only because they're interested in a higher cause, but because they care about how people from different 9.________ (background) can lead better lives.I'm grateful to each of my debate friends and every single minute we got to spend together.Indeed, my high school life would be incomplete without them.So even though I 10.________(defeat) in my last debate, I'm still thankful for being part of my wonderful debate family. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者虽然在一次辩论赛中失败了，但停下来反思过去几年作为一名辩手的经历，作者依然觉得获益匪浅。 1．failure　[考查词性转换。根据空前的形容词性物主代词my可知，此处应用名词，故填fail的名词形式failure。] 2．as　[考查介词。句意：但我并没有把注意力集中到自己的失败上，而是停下来反思过去几年自己作为一名辩手的经历。根据句意可知此处用介词as，表示“作为”。] 3．includes　[考查主谓一致。本句中主语为preparing for new debate topics，是动名词短语，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。] 4．fiercely　[考查词性转换。句意：你也有可能注意到在任何我们能辩论的地方我们都在激烈地论证。空处修饰arguing，应用副词。] 5．the　[考查冠词。形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the，故此处应填the。] 6．to practice　[考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，我们的讨论不仅仅是练习我们辩论技巧的一种方法。此处to do形式作定语。] 7．winning　[考查非谓语动词。在“我”看来，它们有助于我们变得镇静，也帮助我们考虑赢得辩论比赛和解决真正的问题。动词consider“考虑”后跟动词­ing形式作宾语。] 8．where　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为place，故用where。] 9．backgrounds　[考查名词单复数。因为他们关心的是来自不同背景的人如何能过上更好的生活。background作“出身，个人背景”讲时为可数名词，空前有different修饰，故此处应用其复数形式。] 10．was defeated　[考查时态和语态。句意：因此，尽管在上次的辩论中我被击败了，但我仍然感谢自己是非常棒的辩论家族的一员。根据句意可知此处用被动语态，且此处描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$