Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit and Reading—Language Points（课件PPT）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（译林版2020）

Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world Section Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit and Reading—Language Points 栏目索引 读文清障 基础自测 互动探究 课堂达标 读文清障 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 基础自测 republic deadly experiment trial household postpone 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world sufficient wisdom conduct broad 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world intend intention limited limit container contain beneficial benefit illustrate illustration 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world thanks to refer to give up speed up pay off through trial and error draw on be beneficial to 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world Born in 1930 it was not until the 1970s that 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 互动探究 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world on by survival Having survived that night 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world going/to go to see intention The book is intended for little children and it is popular with them 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world which/that is intended for little children intended for little children 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world reference to as referred to in the report 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world limited limited limitless to set a limit to 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world limits himself to 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world up at pick up speed at high speed 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 取得成功 偿清 付清工资解雇 hard work pays off pay you back 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world to from/by beneficial 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world benefit the local villagers be beneficial to the local villagers be of benefit to the local villagers benefit from the new policy 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world to use of for arguing 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world It is careless of you to make so many mistakes in the exam It is a shame that he didn't pass the final exam of this semester 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world to bring that 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world likely/possible/probable likely possible likely 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 课堂达标 limited referred off at intention 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world had intended to be a doctor see drivers speed up is limited in terms of 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world will be likely to offer us It was not until he failed the exam that 返回导航 英语　必修 第三册（Y） Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world 谢谢观看！ 难词注解 ①award sb. for sth. 因为……奖励某人 ②malaria n．疟疾 ③deadly adj.致命的；十足的，彻底的 a deadly disease 一种致命的疾病 the deadliest disease 一种最致命的疾病 难词注解 ④thanks to幸亏，由于 ⑤have a chance有……的机会 ⑥survival n．生存 survive vi. & vt.生存 survivor n．幸存者 ⑦province n．省份 ⑧acquire vt.获得；学到 ⑨broad adj.广泛的；宽广的；概括的；开阔的 a broad knowledge of...广泛的……知识 难词注解 ⑩intend vt.&vi.打算，计划；意指 intend to do 打算做…… ⑪a cure for...……的治疗方法 ⑫recipe n．方法，秘诀；食谱 ⑬extract n．提取物；选录vt.提取；取出 ⑭herb n．药草，香草；草本植物 ⑮promising results 预期效果 难词注解 ⑯refer to查阅，参考；提到， 谈及 ⑰experiment n. &vi.实验； 做实验；尝试 do/carry out/ perform an experiment做实验 ⑱succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事 be successful in doing sth. 成功地做某事 ⑲trial n. &vi.试验；审讯，审判；考验 ⑳limited adj.有限的 难词注解 eq \o(○,\s\up3(21))solutions to the problem问题的解决办法 the answer to the question 问题的答案 the key to the door 门的钥匙 the secret to happiness 幸福的秘诀 the entrance to...……的入口 eq \o(○,\s\up3(22))household adj.家用的；家庭的n.一家人，家庭 eq \o(○,\s\up3(23))container n．容器；集箱，货柜 contain vt.包含，包括； 克制 contain oneself 克制自己 难词注解 eq \o(○,\s\up3(24))day and night夜以继日地 eq \o(○,\s\up3(25))give up放弃 give up doing sth.放弃做某事 eq \o(○,\s\up3(26))the trials on...在……身上进行的实验 eq \o(○,\s\up3(27))be likely to do sth.可能做某事 eq \o(○,\s\up3(28))postpone vt.延迟，延期 eq \o(○,\s\up3(29))sufficient adj.足够的，充足的 eq \o(○,\s\up3(30))speed up 加速 gain speed 加速 难词注解 eq \o(○,\s\up3(31))pay off成功，奏效，达到目的；还清 pay for付钱 eq \o(○,\s\up3(32))benefit vt. &vi.有益于n.利益，好处 eq \o(○,\s\up3(33))lecture n．讲座，演讲；教训 vi.开讲座，讲课vt.指责，训斥 eq \o(○,\s\up3(34))raise...to a higher level 把……提高到更高的水平 eq \o(○,\s\up3(35))draw on/upon凭借；利用；动用 draw one's attention吸引某人的注意力 draw near接近；靠近 draw money from one's account从某人的账户里取钱 eq \o(○,\s\up3(36))beneficial adj.有益的 教材原文 Chinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize By Dina Conner 11 December 2015 eq \o(□,\s\up4(1)) Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People's Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for①her contribution to the fight against malaria②，one of the deadliest③diseases in human history.Thanks to④her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of⑤survival⑥. eq \o(□,\s\up4(2)) Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province⑦， Tu studied medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. After graduation, she worked at the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 难词注解 eq \o(□,\s\up4(3)) She completed further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine，acquiring⑧ a broad⑨knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. eq \o(□,\s\up2(1)) 本句中不定式做定语，修饰the first female scientist of the People's Republic of China; awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria在句中做状语。 eq \o(□,\s\up2(2)) 本句是简单句，born in 1930在句中做状语。 eq \o(□,\s\up2(3)) 本句是简单句，现在分词短语做伴随状语。 Tu's education was soon to prove very useful. eq \o(□,\s\up4(4)) In the 1960s, many people were dying of malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended⑩ to find a cure for⑪the disease. She collected over 2，000 traditional Chinese medical recipes⑫ for malaria treatment 难词注解 and made hundreds of extracts⑬ from different herbs⑭. eq \o(□,\s\up4(5)) When they failed to produce any promising results⑮，Tu referred to⑯ the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. eq \o(□,\s\up4(6)) Inspired by an over 1，600­year­old text about preparing qinghao xtract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments⑰and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part． eq \o(□,\s\up4(7)) On 4 October 1971，after 190 failures，she succeeded in⑱ making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice. eq \o(□,\s\up2(4)) 本句是复合句，that引导定语从句，修饰a team。 难词注解 eq \o(□,\s\up2(5)) 本句是复合句，when引导时间状语从句。 eq \o(□,\s\up2(6)) 本句是简单句，Inspired by...为过去分词做原因状语。 eq \o(□,\s\up2(7)) 本句是复合句，that引导定语从句，修饰extract。 eq \o(□,\s\up4(8)) However, it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials⑲because research resources were limited⑳.Tu and her team managed to find solutions to the problemeq \o(○,\s\up15(21)).When there was no research equipment, they had to extract herbs using householdeq \o(○,\s\up15(22))water containerseq \o(○,\s\up15(23)). They worked day and nighteq \o(○,\s\up15(24)) and their health began to suffer because of the poor conditions，but they never gave upeq \o(○,\s\up15(25)). 难词注解 eq \o(□,\s\up4(9)) Even with large amounts of qinghao extra produced, however，they still faced another problem.The trials oneq \o(○,\s\up15(26))patients were likely toeq \o(○,\s\up15(27))be postponedeq \o(○,\s\up15(28))because they did not have sufficienteq \o(○,\s\up15(29)) safety data. To speed upeq \o(○,\s\up15(30)) the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid offeq \o(○,\s\up15(31)).In November 1972, through trial and error, they successfully discovered qinghaosu—the most effective part of the qinghao extract. As a key part of many malaria medicines, qinghaosu has since benefitedeq \o(○,\s\up15(32)) about 200 million malaria patients. More than 40 years after its discovery, Tu was eventually awarded a Nobel Prize for her work. In her Nobel Lectureeq \o(○,\s\up15(33))，she encouraged scientists 难词注解 to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher leveleq \o(○,\s\up15(34)).Perhaps the next generation of scientists, drawing oneq \o(○,\s\up15(35))the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines beneficialeq \o(○,\s\up15(36))to global health care. eq \o(□,\s\up2(8)) 本句是一个复合句，it做形式主语，不定式短语做真正的主语；because引导原因状语从句。 eq \o(□,\s\up2(9)) 本句是一个简单句，with复合结构在句中做让步状语。 课文翻译 中国科学家获得 2015年诺贝尔奖 作者：迪娜·康纳 2015年12月11日 屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，她获奖是因为她在抗击疟疾中做出的贡献，疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一 。由于她发现了青蒿素，现在全世界的疟疾患者生存的机会大大增加了。 课文翻译 屠呦呦1930年出生于浙江省宁波市，1951年至1955年在北京的大学学习医学。毕业后，她在中国中医研究院工作。她完成了中医的进一步培训课程，获得了广泛的传统中西医学知识。 屠呦呦受到的教育很快就被证明是非常有用的。在20世纪60年代，许多人死于疟疾。1969年，屠呦呦担任了一个课题组的组长，计划找到该疾病的治疗方案。她收集了2 000多种中药治疗疟疾的配方，并从不同的草药中提取了数百种提取物。当它们未能取得任何预期的效果时，屠呦呦再次去查阅历代中医药典籍。据一本1 600多年前的古籍记载，古人通过冷水制备青蒿，受此启发，屠呦呦重新设计了实验，为了不破坏其(抗疟的)有效成分，她尝试在低温下提取青蒿。1971年10月4 日，在190次失败后，她成功地制作了一种能治疗小鼠疟疾的青蒿提取物。 课文翻译 然而，因为研究资源有限，要生产出足够多的青蒿提取物以供大型实验的话就很难了。屠呦呦和她的团队设法找到了解决问题的方法。当时没有研究设备，他们不得不用家用的盛水容器提取草药。他们日日夜夜地工作，由于条件恶劣，他们的健康开始受到影响，但他们从未放弃。 尽管许多青蒿素被生产，但是他们仍面临另一个问题。在真正病人身上的试用很可能被推迟，因为他们没有足够的数据。为了加速这个进程和确保安全性，屠呦呦和她团队的成员自愿首先在他们自己身上试验。 课文翻译 屠呦呦和她团队的付出最终得到了回报。在1972年11月，经过反复试验他们成功地从草本植物中分离出最有效的部分，称之为青蒿素——一种最有效的青蒿提取物，也是许多疟疾药物中关键的部分。自从那以来，青蒿素已使二百多万人受益。青蒿素发现的40年后，屠呦呦最终被授予诺贝尔奖，在她的演讲中，她鼓励科学家进一步探索中国传统医学的瑰宝，并提到一种高度。也许，下一代的科学家，汲取了中国传统医学的智慧，会发现更多的对全球健康事业有益的药物。 Ⅰ.重点单词 1．________ n．共和国，共和政体 2．______ adj．致命的；十足的，彻底的 3．__________ n．实验，试验；尝试，实践 vi.做试验，进行实验；尝试 4．_____ n.试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验 vi.&vt.测试，试验 5．_________ adj.家庭的，家用的，家务的 n．一家人，家庭 6．________ vt.延迟，延期 7．__________ adj.足够的，充足的 8．______ n．智慧，才智；明智；知识，学问 9．_______ vt.&vi.组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止 10．_____ adj.广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的；开阔的 Ⅱ.拓展单词 1．______ vi.&vt.想要，计划；意指→_________ n.打算 2．_______ adj.有限的→_____ n．&vt.限制 3．_________ n．容器；集装箱，货柜→_______ vt.包含 4．__________ adj.有益的，有用的→_______ n．益处 vt.对……有益处 5．__________ vt.说明，解释；加插图于→____________ n．图解，图示 Ⅲ.重点短语 1．_________ 因为，多亏了 2．________查阅，参考；提到，谈及 3．_______放弃 4．________(使)加速 5．_______成功，奏效，达到目的 6．_______________________反复试验 7．_______凭借，利用 8．________________ 对……有益 Ⅳ.核心句型 1．过去分词作状语 ____________， in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu studied medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. 屠呦呦1930年出生于浙江省，宁波市，1951—1955年在北京的大学学医。 2．强调句型It was not until...that... However，_________________________ Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu，after many failed experiments. 然而，直到20世纪70年代，屠呦呦才在多次实验失败之后发现了青蒿素。 1．survival n．生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物 [教材P44]　Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival． 由于她发现了青蒿素， 世界各地的疟疾患者现在有了极大的生存机会。 (1)survival n．幸存；残留下来的人(物) survivor n. 幸存者 (2)A survive B (by...) A比B活得长(……) survive sth. (经历意外、战争、疾病等后)幸存， 活下来 survive on靠……生存下来 [名师点津]　survive作“幸存；幸免于”解时为及物动词，其后直接接宾语，不用介词in或from。 (1)(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources. 猎人愿意支付邮票价格，以确保我们生存的自然资源。 (2)If you develop AIDS，your chance of survival is very small. 如果你得了艾滋病，生存的概率很小。 (3)After the traffic accident，no one survived except a girl who was badly injured. 交通事故之后，除了一个受重伤的女孩外没有一人生还。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①How does the family survive __ such a small monthly wage? ②It's said that the woman survived her husband __ 10 years. ③Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our ________ (survive). 句式升级 ④After she had survived that night, she was confident that everything else would be all right. →_______________________，she was confident that everything else would be all right.(用现在分词短语作状语改写) [语境串记]　After he survived the earthquake，the old man became one of the few survivors of the family and his survival made his old friends very happy. 这位老人在地震中幸存下来之后，他成了这个家庭中少数幸存者之一，他的幸存使他的老朋友们很高兴。 2．intend vi.&vt.想要，计划；意指 [教材P44]　In the 1960s，many people were dying of malaria，and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease. 20世纪60年代，许多人死于疟疾。1969年屠呦呦担任了一个课题组的组长，这个课题组计划找到该疾病的治疗方法。 (1)be intended for专门为……设计/打算 be intended to do sth.专门为做某事而设计；旨在做某事 intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事 intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事，计划做某事 (2)intention n．用意；目的；意图 with the intention of为了，以……为目的/意图 (1)The young man intended to be a doctor in the future，which won his father's support. 这个年轻人打算将来当医生，这赢得了他父亲的支持。 (2)The program was set up with the intention of providing help for homeless people. 设立这个项目的目的是为无家可归的人提供帮助。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①We intend ____________ (go) to Australia next year. ②I didn't intend her _______ (see) the painting until it was finished. ③She had a firm __________ (intend) within herself to be the best swimmer. 一句多译 这本书专为孩子们量身打造。它也很受孩子们欢迎。(be intended for) ④____________________________________________________________．(用并列句) ⑤The book __________________________________ is popular with them.(用定语从句) ⑥The book ________________________ is popular with them.(用非谓语动词) 3．refer to 查阅，参考；提到，谈及；有关；指的是；提交 [教材P45]　When they failed to produce any promising results，Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. 当它们未能产生任何预期效果时，屠呦呦再次查阅历代中医典籍。 (1)refer v．参考；提到；查阅；涉及 refer...to... 把……提交给…… refer to...as...把……看作…… (2)reference n．提及；谈到；参考 in/with reference to关于 for reference以备查阅；以供参考 [名师点津]　我们还学过以下表示“把……看作/称为……”的短语：regard ... as, look on ... as, treat ... as, think of ... as, consider ... as等。 (1)The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field. 这位科学家将这一发现称作是这个领域中最令人兴奋的新进展。 (2)In reference to your question about cost，the ticket of the film is 35 yuan each. 关于你询问的价格，那部电影的票价是每张35元。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①He made no _________ (refer)to his illness but only to his future plans. ②The question referred __ at the meeting is hard to answer. ③People who work in offices are usually referred to __ “white collar workers”． 句式升级 报告中提到的这个人来自一个发达国家。 ④The man who was referred to in the report was from a developed country.(用非谓语动词改写) →The man ____________________ was from a developed country. 4．limited adj.有限的；不多的 [教材P44]　However，it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited． 然而，因为研究资源有限，很难生产出足够的青蒿提取物进行大规模试验。 (1)be limited to...受限制于…… (2)limit vt.限制；限定 n．界限；限度 limit to...对……的限制 limit...to...把……限定在……之内 without limit无限地，无限制地 (3)limiting adj.局限的，限制性的 (1)In my opinion, taking cellphones with the students should not be banned, but limited to certain areas. 依我看，学生带手机不该被禁止，但应该被限制在某些区域。 (2)There are a large variety of flowers on sale in the market, while the variety of what he prefers is limited. 市场上销售各种各样的鲜花，但是他能中意的品种却不多。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①We are doing our best with the _______(limit) resources available. ②As we all know, a person's life is ________，but knowledge is _________. (limit) ③I'll help as much as I can, but there is a limit ___what I can do. 完成句子 ④In my opinion, you had better _______________the expense of your trip. 在我看来， 你们最好给你们的旅行费用定一个限度。 ⑤To lose weight，he _________________ three cups of milk and several fruits a day. 为了减肥， 他限制自己一天只喝三杯牛奶， 吃几个水果。 [语境串记]　A man's life is limited，but there is no limit to serving the people. I will devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people. 人的生命是有限的，但是，为人民服务是无限的。我将有限的生命投入到无限的为人民服务的工作中。 5．speed up(使)加速 [教材P45]　To speed up the process and ensure its safety，Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. 为了加速这个过程并确保它的安全性，屠呦呦和她的队员主动率先在自己身上试验青蒿素提取物。 speed n．(运动的)速度，速率 at a speed of...以……的速度 at low/high/full/top speed以低/高/全/最高速 pick up speed加速 (1)Obviously，a good learning habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. 显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们加快我们到达目标的速度。 (2)This flight is now heading for Paris at a speed of 1，000 kilometres an hour. 这次飞行现在正以每小时一千公里的速度向巴黎进发。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①Many countries are faced with the problem how to speed __ economic development. ②The car is running __ a speed of fifty kilometres an hour. 完成句子 ③Once outside the station，the train began to _____________． 一出车站，火车就开始加速。 ④The train was going _____________ when his mobile phone didn't work. 火车正高速行驶时他的手机坏了。 6．pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的 [教材P45]　The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off. 屠呦呦和其团队的努力终于有了回报。 pay for付钱买；付出代价 pay back还钱；报复 [名师点津]　pay off表示“得到回报”时，是不及物动词短语，无被动语态，且一般用表示事物的名词作主语；表示“偿清”时，是及物动词短语，用人作主语，有被动语态。 (1)The young man undertook very hard work.At last his efforts paid off. 这个年轻人从事非常辛苦的工作。最后，他的努力获得了回报。 (2)After ten years of hard work，the old couple paid off all the debts in the end. 经过十年的辛苦工作，这对老夫妇终于还清了所有债务。 [即学即用]　写出黑体部分pay off的含义 ①John studied hard before the examination，and it paid off. __________ ②They have loans，bills，a mortgage(还清抵押) to pay off. __________ ③—Dad，I don't think Oliver is the right sort of person for the job. —I see.I'll go right away and pay him off. ________________ 完成句子 ④All in all，every road leads to Rome，but I believe __________________． 总之，条条大道通罗马，我相信努力就有回报。 ⑤Can you lend me some money？I'll ____________ on Friday. 你能借我些钱吗？我周五还你。 7．beneficial adj.有益的；有用的 [教材P45]　Perhaps the next generation of scientists，drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine，will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care. 也许下一代科学家利用中医的智慧， 确实会发现更多有益于全球卫生保健的药物。 (1)be beneficial to对……有益，对……有用 (2)benefit v．对……有用，使受益；得益于 n．益处 benefit from/by得益于，受益于 be of benefit to对……有利 for sb.'s benefit＝for the benefit of sb.为了某人的利益 (1)Being exposed to a foreign culture is beneficial for us to learn the local language. 在外国文化环境中熏陶有利于我们学习当地语言。 (2)The lecture is of benefit to the little children，but it is not suitable for you. 这个讲座对小孩子有好处，但不适合你。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①It is said that yoga is of great benefit __ human health. In other words, we can benefit _______ yoga. ②In fact, music education is __________(benefit) and important to all the students. 一句多译 这项新政策会使当地村民受益。 ③The new policy will ___________________________．(benefit vt.) ④The new policy will ____________________________________．(beneficial) ⑤The new policy will ____________________________________．(benefit n．) ⑥The local villagers will ___________________________．(benefit vi.) [语境串记]　I have typed out some lecture notes for the benefit of those people who were absent last week，which I think is beneficial to their learning.The notes will be of benefit to everyone concerned. 为了照顾上周缺席的人，我把一些演讲稿的笔记打印出来，我认为这对他们的学习是有益的，这些笔记对相关的每个人都有好处。 8．[教材P45]　However，it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited. 然而， 由于研究资源有限， 很难生产足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验。 [句式解构]　本句含有“It is＋形容词十不定式”结构。其中It是形式主语， 不定式短语是真正的主语。 It作形式主语的常见句型： (1)It is＋adj.＋(for/of sb.) to do sth. (2)It is＋adj./n.＋that从句 (3)It is no good/use doing sth.做某事是没有好处/用处的 (4)It is＋过去分词＋that从句 [名师点津]　在“It is/was＋adj.(for/of sb.)＋to do sth.”结构中， for前面的形容词通常是difficult, necessary, important, quick, easy等， 这些形容词多与事物的特征有关。而 of 前面的形容词常常是wise, kind, stupid, silly, bright, nice, good等， 这些形容词常与人的性格特点有关。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①Sometimes it may be helpful ______(use) examples to explain abstract concepts. ②It's kind __ you to lend me a hand when I am in trouble. ③It is difficult ___ the boy to solve such a difficult problem. ④ It's no use _______ (argue) with her—she won't listen. 句式升级 ⑤You are careless to make so many mistakes in the exam. →__________________________________________________________． ⑥He didn't pass the final exam of this semester and that's a shame. →______________________________________________________________． 9．[教材P45]　The trials on patients were likely to be postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data. 因为他们没有充足的安全性数据，在病人身上进行实验有可能推迟。 [句式解构]　本句中be likely to do sth.意为可能做某事，其主语是人也可以是物。 It is likely that...可能…… ※possible和probable作表语时不能用人或物作主语。 (1)In fact，women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks. 事实上，女性患高血压或者死于心脏病的可能性更小。 (2)It is likely that he is aware of the importance of the project. 可能他意识到了这个工程的重要性。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely ________(bring) your work home. ②It is likely ____ virtual reality will become a part of modern life in the near future. 选词填空：　possible/likely/probable ③It is highly ____________________ that he will take over his father's business. ④He is ______ to make rapid progress in English because he is studying hard. ⑤It is ________ for you to grow this flower even in winter. ⑥Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very ______ to be a Beethoven. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．We offered a _______(limit) number of free places on the course. 2．The person ________(refer) to in his speech was a famous astronaut. 3．All his debts paid ___，he sank into his chair，smiling with relief. 4．The man jumped off a train which was going __ a high speed and was badly injured. 5．When we talked about our future，he mentioned his _________(intend) of being a lawyer. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．I heard that he ________________________，but later he gave it up. 我听说他原本打算成为一名医生，但是后来放弃了。 2．You ____________________ when they should be slowing down. 你看到司机们在应该减速时却加速。 3．The girl is easy­going，but she __________________ professional knowledge. 这个女孩很随和，但是她在专业知识方面有限。 4．When we arrive there，the wise person _______________________ some professional advice. 我们到那里时，那位智者有可能会给我们提供专业建议。 5．__________________________________ he was aware of how much time he had wasted. 直到他考试失败了，他才意识到自己浪费了多少时间。 $$