Unit 5 Poems 重点词汇详解+语法+重点句式知识清单-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

①which在定语从句中既可作主语,也可作宾语;作主语时,不可省略;作宾语时,可以省略; ②whose作定语,后面一定有个名词,先行词和这个名词构成所属关系. ③that可作主语,宾语,表语,可以和which互换;不可作定语,不能与whose互换。 e.g. The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. 3.先行词是物(that / which的区别) (1)用which的情况 ①在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly. ②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语The pen with which you write is Jack’s. ③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which. Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us. (2)用that的情况 ①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等 She did all that she could to help us. ②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right,the last等所修饰时 This is the very book that I want. ③先行词中既有人又有物时 She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most. ④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here. ⑤定语从句中套定语从句,其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用that He built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. ⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用that Who is the person that is standing at the gate? ...... 四. 限制性定语从句(关系副词): (一)定义:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句;被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,关系词分为关系代词和关系副词;定义从句相当于形容词的用法。 (二)关系副词: 1.作用:引导定语从句,指代先行词并且在从句中作成分,关系副词只能作状语。 2.分类: ①when,在定语从句中做时间状语; ②where,在定语从句中作地点状语; ③why,在定语从句中作原因状语; ④that,在定语从句中可作时间,地点,原因,方式状语。 3.关系副词可以转换为相应的介词加which,介词来源于先行词,固定搭配或是句意理解。 4. when引导的定语从句: (1) when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词,并在从句中作时间状语。