Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 重点词汇详解+语法知识清单-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

[造句]等一会儿,我得化妆一下。 Hold on for a minute,I've just got to put on my make-up. [知识拓展] hold up 支撑起;承受住;延迟,阻碍;抢劫 hold on to... 抓紧;不放开;保留;坚持 hold back 阻挡;阻拦;隐瞒;控制 hold down 压制;限制 hold out (在困境中)坚持;伸出;提供;维持;忍耐 ①The chair is too weak to hold up such a fat man. ②Can you hold on to those tickets for me? 6.furniture n.家具 Each piece of furniture in their home suited the style of the house. 他们家的每件家具都与房子的风格相称。 We need to buy some new furniture. 我们需要买一些新家具。 [造句]这种木料太软了,不适合用来做家具。 The wood is too soft to make furniture. [说明]furniture为不可数名词,它的意思是“(可移动的)家具”。如果想用英语表示“一件家具”,可以用“a piece of furniture”来表示“一件家具”。 [知识拓展] furnish vt.装修;布置,设置;提供;供应 furnish sth.with sth.用……布置…… furnish sb./sth.with sth. =furnish sth.to sb./sth. 为某人/某物提供某物 be furnished with... 备有;安装有 furnished adj.备有家具的 ①Eleanor moved into a small furnished apartment. ②Many proprietors try to furnish their houses with antiques. 7.application n.申请;请求;应用 Applications should be submitted as early as possible. 申请应尽早提交。 How do the two techniques compare in terms of application? 这两种手法实际运用起来哪个好一些? [造句]我想他们已经拒绝我的申请了。 I think they have rejected my application. [知识拓展] applicant n.申请人 apply vt.申请;应用 apply (to sb.) for sth.(向某人)申请某事/物 apply to sb./sth.适用于某人/物 apply sth. to sth.把……应用于…… apply oneself to doing sth.专注于/集中精力做某事 ①We should apply what we have learned at school to daily life. ②He wants to apply to the company for a job as a salesman. ③This traffic rule applies to all the drivers. Part two Grammar 现在完成进行时 1. 构成have(has) + been+ 动词的现在分词 2. 功能1) 表示一个从过去某时开始发生,一直延续到说话时刻,并且可能延续下去的动作。如:I have been waiting for an hour but she still hasn’t come. 我已等了一个小时,但她还没有来。We have been doing everything possible to improve the working conditions. 我们一直在尽一切努力改善工作条件。Man has continuously been trying to make better use of natural materials and create new ones.人类一直在尝试更好地利用天然材料和创造新材料。 2) 表示一个动作从过去某时开始,一直延续到说话时刚刚结束。如:He is dead drunk. He has been drinking with his friends. 他酩酊大醉,刚刚在同朋友们喝酒来着。My clothes are wet. I have been walking in the rain. 我的衣服湿了, 我一直走在雨中。W