专题22 定语从句 考点讲义（知识点梳理+实战训练） -备战2024中考英语语法专项

专题22 定语从句 考点讲义 一、定语从句：： 1.定语从句的概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 3.关系词：引导定语从句的连词叫关系词。如that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when等。 4.由that、which、who、whom、whose引导的定语从句。 关系词 指代 在定语从句中的作用 that 既指人也指物 作主语、宾语 which 指物 作主语、宾语 who 指人 作主语 whom 指人 作宾语 whose 既指人也指物 作定语 二、定语从句：1.先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that，which均可.但下列情况，只用that不用which。 1).当先行词为指物的不定代词，如all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、the one等时，只能用that。There is nothing ______ I can do for you . 2).先行词被the only,the very,the last,all,no,little等词修饰,只用that。This is the very book ___ I’m looking for . 3).先行词被序数词修饰时，只用that . This is the first nextbook ______ I studied in the middle school . 4).先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时，只能用that。 This is the most beautiful mountain ______ I have ever seen .=I have _____ seen _____ a beautiful mountian . 5).先行词既有人也有物时，只能that 。 He told us many interesting things and persons _______ we had . 2.先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况，只能用which不用that。 1).关系代词前有介词时，关系词只能用which 。This is the building in ______ he lives . 2).先行词本身是that时，关系词只能用which 。The clock is that _____ tells the time . 3).引导非限定性的定语从句（先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开），关系词用which。 His book , ______ was lost last week , has been found now. 3.先行词是人时，一般情况下既可用who 也可用that 。但以下情况下，只能用who。 1).当先行词为those、one、ones、anyone且作主语时,一般用who .Those ____ are singing are all my classmates . 2).在there be 句型中，先行词指人时，只能用who。指物时用that。There is a girl ______ expects to see you . 3).当先行词是I、you、he、they等时，只能用who 。He ______ plays with fire gets burned . 三、定语从句 由关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句。 where = in / at +which when = in / on / at +which why = for + which 1.由where引导的定语从句。1).先行词是表示地点的名词 2).在定语从句中作地点状语 Is this the house ____ you lived ?= Is this the house ____ ___ you lived ?= Is this the house ___ you lived in ? 2.由when引导的定语从句。1).先行词是表示时间的名词 2).在定语从句中作时间状语 I will never forget the days ______ I met him .= I will never forget the days ____ ____ I met him. 注：先行词是the last time 时，when 可省略。When was the last time you saw the parrot ? 3.由why引导的定语从句。先行词为rea