名词性从句 讲义-2024届高考英语一轮复习

名词性从句(知识讲解+高考必考题型练习) 基础知识 定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句，如： I know what you need. The problem is who will help you. 名词性从句的分类 英语中名词性从句主要有：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。如： Whom we will choose hasn't been decided. He wants to know how he can deal with the problem. This is where he was born. He made a decision that he would donate his money to the poor. 注意事项 1. 掌握名词性从句的关键是理解、掌握名词性从句的引导词含义和在从句中的成分：先找到主句的主干（即主谓宾、主系表、主谓宾+宾补、主谓双宾），然后在根据引导词找到从句，弄清是哪种从句。 2. 从句的语序是陈述语序，不是疑问语序。如： I don't care who you are. What this is doesn't matter. 3. 引导名词性从句的引导词除了that引导宾语从句时可以省略，其余的都不能省略。 4. 这四种名词性从句中都可以用到虚拟语气。 名词性从句四种类别：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 (一)主语从句: 1、定义:主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的句子。如: Whether you'll win the game or not doesn't matter Whoever will attend the meeting must sign your name here. 2、主语从句的引导词: ①从属连词:that，whether;如: That he is a student is true. ②连接代词:who，what，which;whoever，whatever;如: Whatever he wants is needed by his parents. Which is better is clear. What we should do next is still unknown. ③连接副词:when，where，how 和 why。如: How we should face the hard situation is a problem. That he is a scientist is a fact. 【注意】 (1) 在主语从句中只能用 whether，不能用 if (2)形式主语: 一般来说主语从句都是放在句首，但有时为了使句子保持平衡，常用 it 作形式主语，把主语从句放后面。常以it作形式主语的句型有: ①It is +形容词+ that... That he will win the match is certain.= It is certain that he will win the match ②It is +名词词组(no wonder，an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, a surprise, a fact, etc. )+ that... It’s a fact that we can’t go. English is easy to learn ③It is +过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced, believed, etc. )+ that... It has been suggested that much should be done to stop the river from being polluted. 有人建议应做更多的工作阻止河流遭受污染。 ④It appears/ seems that.../ It happens that.../ It occurred to me that.../ It turned out that... It turned out that nobody remembered the address.结果发现没人记得这地址。 ⑤It doesn’t matter that.../ It makes no difference that... It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。 (二)表语从句: 1、定义:放在连系动词 be，look，seem，sound，appear 后充当复合句中的表语。如: Chin