Unit 6 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas（Word教参）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas [对应学生用书P159] 1．reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的→reliably adv.可靠地→rely vi.相信；依赖 2．rescue v. & n．营救，解救→rescuer n．救援者 3．emergency n．紧急情况，不测事件→emerge v．发现，显现出来→emergent adj.紧急的 4．threaten v．威胁到，危及→threatening adj.恐吓的；具有威胁的→threat n．威胁，可能会带来危险的人(事) 5．precisely adv.精确地，准确地→precise adj.精确的，准确的 6．sufficient adj.足够的，充足的→sufficiency n．充足 1．all of a sudden 突然 2．turn into 变成 3．up and down 来来回回，往返地 4．in the open air 在户外 5．stay positive 保持乐观 6．keep on doing sth. 保持/一直做某事 7．look up at 仰望 8．even though 尽管 9．in time 及时；迟早 10．for a while 一会儿；一段时间 11．have yet to 还没有 12．be surrounded by 为……所环绕；被……包围 13．move on 继续前进 1．句型公式：be doing ...when ...正在做……，这时突然…… 教材原句：I was sitting in my room with my cat, Smartie, on my lap, when the roof just flew off. 翻译：当时我正坐在房间里，我的猫斯玛蒂趴在我的腿上，突然屋顶就飞走了。 2．句型公式：独立主格结构 教材原句：Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans, their beauty inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on. 翻译：现在我们又有机会仰望新奥尔良的星空了。星空的美鼓舞着我们，让我们有信心继续前行。 [对应学生用书P160] [主旨大意] What's the main idea of the passage? It's about the author's experience of a terrible hurricane and his/her feelings about this disaster. [文章架构] Stars after the storm During the hurricane I was sitting in my room when the roof 1.flew off. I was so frightened that I 2.froze. The rain came down 3.hard and fast. The street turned into a river. Right after the hurricane We couldn't stay at home and didn't have enough 4.drinking water. The weather was very 5.hot and it smelled bad everywhere. We were attacked by the mosquitos. But Mom told us to 6.stay positive. The stars gave us 7.hope for the future. A few days later We were 8.rescued． One year later Many families are back and working to rebuild our 9.homes and lives. The 10.stars' beauty inspire us and give us confidence to move on. [细节探究] 1．Why was the author so scared at first？(　　B　　) A．The hurricane took place as expected. B．The roof disappeared so suddenly. C．It was very freezing in the room. D．The cat jumped on the author's lap. 2．What can we know from the fourth paragraph？(　　A　　) A．The author's mother was optimistic. B．The family of the author didn't have breakfast. C．Many people became homeless. D．It was amazing to experience hurricane. 3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？(　　A　　) A．Smartie was lost and never be found. B．The hurricane took place in August. C．There was great loss caused by the hurricane. D．The family of the author never give up hope. 4．What can we learn from the passage？(　　C　　) A．Hurricane happens often in the author's hometown. B．It is safe to stay in house when a hurricane happened. C．Never should we give up even if in tough situations. D．It takes a long time to rebuild their hometown. [难句突破] 1．But Mom said that whatever happens, we should always try to see the good side of things. 分析：本句是主从复合句。that whatever happens ...things是that引导的宾语从句，其中whatever happens是whatever引导的让步状语从句。 翻译：不过妈妈说无论发生什么，我们都应该尽量看到事物好的一面。 2．Although it was only a few days before we were rescued, it felt like months. 分析：本句是主从复合句。Although it was ...rescued是Although引导的让步状语从句，其中before we were rescued是before引导的时间状语从句。 翻译：虽然几天后我们就获救了，但却觉得像是过了好几个月。 3．We were so happy to take him with us, although then, none of us knew that we wouldn't be back for quite a while. 分析：本句是主从复合句。although then ...quite a while是although引导的让步状语从句，其中that we wouldn't ...quite a while是that引导的宾语从句。 翻译：我们都很高兴能带上它，不过那时我们都没料到这一去就很长时间都回不来。 Step 1　根据课文内容回答下列问题。 1．What was the author doing when the hurricane happened? The author was sitting in his/her room when the hurricane happened. 2．What difficulties did the author meet after the hurricane? He/She and his/her family didn't have enough drinking water, and it was very hot and it smelled so bad everywhere. Because of living in the open air, they were attacked by the mosquitos. 3．When was the author rescued? After a few days they were rescued. 4．What did the author do one year later? One year later he/she and his/her family came back home to rebuild their homes and lives. Step 2　将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的文章概要。 The author was sitting in his/her room when the hurricane happened. After the hurricane, he/she and his/her family didn't have enough drinking water, and it was very hot and it smelled so bad everywhere. Because of living in the open air, they were attacked by the mosquitos. After a few days they were rescued. One year later he/she and his/her family came back home to rebuild their homes and lives. Stars after the storm① 1　It's strange, but I don't really remember much about the hurricane itself. It all happened so quickly. I was sitting in my room with my cat, Smartie, on my lap②， when the roof③ just flew off④. ❶All of a sudden⑤， there was sky where the roof had been. I was so frightened⑥ that I just froze⑦. 2　Mom cried to get out quickly, but it was already too late by then⑧. The rain was coming down so hard and so fast. Our street turned into⑨ a river in seconds. We were going nowhere⑩. 3　At first, I was pleased we could stay at home, but soon it got really tough.❷Without a roof, staying inside was too dangerous. There was water everywhere, but we couldn't drink any of it otherwise we'd get really sick. ❸We just had drinking water that was sent to us by helicopter， but it was never enough. It was August, so it was really, really hot and it smelled so bad everywhere! ❹I just spent the days watching the boats going up and down the street and looking out for Smartie. He had disappeared the moment the storm hit. 4　❺Living in the open air, we became breakfast, lunch and dinner for the mosquitos. ❻But Mom said that whatever happens, we should always try to see the good side of things. ❼It was difficult to stay positive， though. We had lost our home and everything in it, including㉑ Smartie. ❽All we had left were the clothes on our backs㉒. ❾But as Mom kept on㉓ reminding㉔ us, we were all together and safe. Mom's words made us feel better. I remember us all lying㉕ under the midnight㉖ sky and looking up at㉗ the stars. Because there were no lights, we could see the Big Dipper㉘， the Little Dipper㉙ and the Milky Way㉚. It was amazing㉛！ Even though㉜ we had lost a lot, moments like those gave us hope for the future. 5　Although㉝ it was only a few days before we were rescued㉞， it felt like months. We were taken to another town in a faraway㉟ county㊱. Thankfully㊲， Smartie came home just in time㊳. We were so happy to take him with us, although then, none of us knew that we wouldn't be back for quite a while㊴. 6　Now, one year has passed and I'm back home in New Orleans㊵. Some families have yet to㊶ return, but many others have come back. Although we are surrounded㊷ by reminders㊸ of the disaster㊹， we are working together to rebuild㊺ our homes and our lives. Now we have another chance㊻ to look up at the stars of New Orleans, their beauty㊼ inspiring㊽ us and giving us confidence㊾ to move on㊿. [参考译文] 风暴过后现繁星 说来也怪，我对飓风本身的印象并不深。这一切发生得太快了。当时我正坐在房间里，我的猫斯玛蒂趴在我的腿上，突然屋顶就飞走了。霎时间，屋顶变成了天空。我害怕得动不了了。 妈妈大喊着让我们快跑，但已经来不及了。暴雨迅速倾盆而下，瞬间就将道路淹没成了河流。我们无处可去了。 一开始，我还庆幸我们能待在家里，但很快情况变得糟糕了。没有屋顶，待在屋内太危险了。到处都是水，可我们一滴也不能喝，否则会染上重病。我们只能喝直升机运过来的饮用水，但总是不够喝。当时是八月，天气真的真的很热，到处都散发着难闻的气味！我只能整天看着街上来来往往的船只，留意寻找斯玛蒂的身影。风暴袭来的那一刻它就失踪了。 住在露天的环境里，我们成了蚊子的一日三餐。不过妈妈说无论发生什么，我们都应该尽量看到事物好的一面。然而要保持乐观却不那么容易。我们的家毁了，家里的一切都没了，包括斯玛蒂。我们只剩下身上的衣服了。不过就像妈妈一直提醒我们的那样，好在全家人都在一起而且平安无事。妈妈的话让我们感觉好些了。我还记得那时我们躺在午夜的苍穹之下，仰望星空。因为没有灯光，我们能看到北斗七星、小北斗七星和银河。太奇妙了！尽管我们损失惨重，但这样的时刻重新点燃了我们对未来的希望。 虽然几天后我们就获救了，但却觉得像是过了好几个月。我们被带到了一个很远的县的一座小镇上。万幸的是，斯玛蒂及时回家了。我们都很高兴能带上它，不过那时我们都没料到这一去就很长时间都回不来。 现在，已经过去一年了，我也重新回到了新奥尔良的家。有的人家仍然流落在外，但也有许多人已经回来了。虽然我们周围的一切都提醒着我们这里曾发生的灾难，但大家都在为重建家园和生活而一同努力着。现在我们又有机会仰望新奥尔良的星空了。星空的美鼓舞着我们，让我们有信心继续前行。 [难词注解] ①storm n．暴风雨 ②lap n．(坐着时的)大腿部 ③roof n．屋顶 ④fly off 飞走 ⑤all of a sudden 突然 ⑥frightened adj.感到恐惧的 ⑦freeze v．僵住；突然停止；呆住 ⑧by then 到那时为止 ⑨turn into 变成 ⑩nowhere adv.什么地方都不，无处 tough adj.困难的 otherwise adv.否则，要不然 helicopter n．直升机 up and down来来回回，往返地 look out for 留心 disappear vi.消失 mosquito n．蚊子 whatever det.& pron.无论什么 positive adj.积极的 though adv.然而 ㉑include v．包括 ㉒back n．(人的)背部 ㉓keep on 继续 ㉔remind v．提醒 ㉕lie v．躺 ㉖midnight n．子夜，午夜 ㉗look up at 仰视 ㉘the Big Dipper 北斗七星 ㉙the Little Dipper 小北斗七星 ㉚the Milky Way 银河 ㉛amazing adj.令人惊奇的 ㉜even though 尽管 ㉝although conj.尽管 ㉞rescue v．救援 ㉟faraway adj.远的；遥远的 ㊱county n．(美国等国家的)县；(英国的)郡 ㊲thankfully adv.幸好 ㊳in time 及时；迟早 ㊴for quite a while 相当长的一段时间 ㊵New Orleans 新奥尔良 (美国城市) ㊶have yet to 还没有 ㊷surround v．围绕 ㊸reminder n．提醒人的事物 ㊹disaster n．灾难，灾祸 ㊺rebuild v．重建 ㊻chance n．机会 ㊼beauty n．美丽 ㊽inspire v．激励 ㊾confidence n．信心 ㊿move on继续前进 [难句分析] ❶where引导定语从句，修饰先行词sky，并在从句中作地点状语。 ❷staying inside为动名词短语作主语。 ❸that引导定语从句，修饰先行词water，并在从句中作主语。 ❹going up and down the street为现在分词短语作宾语补足语，修饰宾语the boats。 ❺Living in the open air为现在分词短语作原因状语。 ❻that引导宾语从句，作动词said的宾语；whatever引导让步状语从句。 ❼It为形式主语，不定式短语to stay positive是真正的主语。 ❽we had left为定语从句，修饰先行词all，省略了关系词that。 ❾本句中as引导原因状语从句。 Even though引导让步状语从句，意为“即使，尽管”。 Although引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”；before引导时间状语从句。 此处是不定式作后置定语，修饰名词chance。 [对应学生用书P164] 1 　reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的 So, for accurate and reliable predictions, it's best to check an official, scientific report. 所以，为了准确可靠的预测，最好核实一份官方的科学报告。 ►情境探究 ①We all think of him as a reliable man. 我们都认为他是一个值得信赖的人。 ②You can rely on him to help you when you are in trouble. 当你处境困难时，你可以指望他来帮你。 ③They have to rely on the river for their water. 他们不得不依靠这条河取水。 ►要点突破 rely v．信任，信赖；依赖，依靠 rely on/upon 依靠；依赖 (同义词组depend on/upon) rely on sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事 rely on it that ...相信…… ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①She is reliable (rely) and she always keeps her word. ②Don't rely on/upon others all the time. ③You may rely on it that he will pay back all the debts. 2 　rescue n．营救，解救；救援 v．营救；援救 International rescue teams soon began to arrive in the country. 国际救援队很快就开始抵达该国。 ►情境探究 ①The boat drowned, but we were all rescued from the water. 船沉了，但是我们都被从水里救了出来。 ②When we were in trouble, a stranger came/went to our rescue with a generous donation. 当我们陷入困境时，一位陌生人慷慨捐赠来救助我们。 ►要点突破 ①rescue ...from ...从……拯救…… ②go/come to one's rescue 去/来救助某人 rescue team 救援队 rescue/save rescue 多指营救某人脱离紧迫的危险，如水灾、火灾等 save 含义广泛，既可指营救某人脱离危险，也可指精神或道德上的拯救 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①The whole family were rescued from the fire last night. ②The car was buried by the landslide, and the rescue team came to its rescue. [选词填空] ③The doctor managed to save his life. ④They rescued the boy from danger. 3 　claim v．(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)；声称，主张；要求 n．主张，声称；要求 Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time, they destroyed buildings and forests, and claimed over 256 lives. 由于短时间内异常严重的大雪，它们摧毁了建筑物和森林，并夺走了256条生命。 ►情境探究 ①After I had read the book I could fairly claim to be an expert. 读完这本书，我差不多可以说是一个专家了。 ②You can claim on the firm for the damages if you have an accident while at work. ＝You can make a claim on the firm for the damages if you have an accident while at work. 如果工作期间发生事故，你可以向公司索赔损害。 ③It is claimed that the theory is very complicated, but all understand it well. 据说这个理论很复杂，但是大家都理解得很好。 ►要点突破 ①claim to do/to be/that ... 主张/声称做/成为/…… claim to have done sth.声称做过某事 claim sth. from sb. 向某人索要某物 claim on sb. for sth. 向某人要求某物；对某人提出赔偿要求 It is claimed that ...有人主张……；据说…… ②make a claim on sb. for sth. 向某人要求某物；对某人提出赔偿要求 lay claim to据理力争；有权利去获得 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①I think you can claim money from the insurance if your car is damaged in an accident. ②Did you claim on the insurance after your car accident? ③He entered the manager's office and made a claim for higher pay. ④Doctors claimed to have discovered (discover) a cure for the disease. ⑤It was claimed that some doctors were working 80 hours a week. 4 　threaten v．威胁到，危及 It led to a severe food crisis and threatened the livelihoods of more than 9.5 million people. 这导致了严重的粮食危机，而且威胁到了九百五十多万人的生存。 ►情境探究 ①They broke my windows and threatened me. 他们砸碎我的窗户并威胁我。 ②The enemy threatened to destroy the town. 敌军曾威胁要摧毁那座城镇。 ③She said Denny had received a threatening letter and asked me if I sent it. 她说丹尼收到了一封恐吓信，并问是不是我寄的。 ►要点突破 ①threaten to do sth. 威胁做某事 ②threatening adj.具有威胁的；恐吓的 ③threat n．威胁，可能会带来危险的人(事) a threat to ...对……是一个威胁 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①He is unlikely to be a threat to the Spanish player in the final. ②David threatened to report (report) his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid. ③What you said yesterday sounded threatening (threaten) to me. 5 　up and down 来来回回，往返地 I just spent the days watching the boats going up and down the street and looking out for Smartie. 我只能整天看着街上来来往往的船只，留意寻找斯玛蒂的身影。 ►情境探究 ①The baby monkey was jumping up and down. 那只小猴子在上蹿下跳。 ②Dozens of doctors and nurses have been working day and night for weeks. 很多医生和护士已经夜以继日地工作数周了。 ►要点突破 up and down是用 and 连接两个反义词构成的短语。类似的短语还有： ①day and night 日日夜夜，夜以继日 ②now and then 有时；时不时 ③here and there 处处；到处 ④come and go 来来往往 ►学以致用 [完成句子] ①国庆节期间到处挂满了霓虹灯。 Colourful neon lights were hung here and there during National Day. ②她上下打量我。 She looked at me up and down． ③他每天忙于工作，偶尔去看看电影。 He is busy with his job every day and goes to the cinema now and then． ④他们在隔壁聚会，我们整夜都听见有人来来往往的声音。 They had a party next door—we heard people coming and going all night. 6 　in time 及时；迟早 Thankfully, Smartie came home just in time. 万幸的是，斯玛蒂及时回家了。 ►情境探究 ①Firemen reached the house on fire in time. 消防员及时赶到了那幢失火的房子。 ②As a proverb goes，“Where there is a will, there is a way.”Our efforts will pay off in time. 常言道：“有志者事竟成。”我们的努力迟早会有所回报。 ►要点突破 ①on time 按时，准时 ②ahead of time 提前 ③at a time 每次；连续 ④at one time 曾经有一个时期，一度 ⑤at times 有时 ⑥at the same time 同时；尽管如此 ⑦at no time 在任何时候都不(位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装) ⑧all the time 始终 ⑨from time to time 时不时；偶尔 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①Many people are at the same start，but seldom do they arrive at the ending point at the same time. ②At no time did I tell you that you could use my computer. ③The problem was hard but he worked it out in time. 1 　be doing ...when ...正在做……，这时突然…… I was sitting in my room with my cat，Smartie，on my lap, when the roof just flew off. 当时我正坐在房间里，我的猫斯玛蒂趴在我的腿上，突然屋顶就飞走了。 ►情境探究 ①I was reading a book attentively when an old friend came to see me. 我正在全神贯注地读一本书，忽然一位老友来访。 ②I was about to say that when you've taken the words out of my mouth. 我正想说那件事，突然你已经先说出来了。 ③I had just finished my homework when all the lights went out. 我刚做完作业，突然灯全灭了。 ►要点突破 when用作并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”的句型： ①Sb. was/were doing sth. when ...某人正在做某事，这时突然…… ②Sb. was/were about to do sth. when ... ＝Sb. was/were on the point of doing sth. when ...某人正要做某事，这时突然…… ③Sb. had (just) done sth. when ...某人刚做完某事，这时突然…… ►学以致用 [完成句子] ①他刚睡着电话就响了。 He had just fallen asleep when the telephone rang. ②他正步行去上学，突然有辆自行车撞到了他。 He was walking to school when a bicycle ran into him. ③我们正要动身，这时天突然下起雨来了。 We were about to start when it began to rain. 2 　独立主格结构 Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans, their beauty inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on. 现在我们又有机会仰望新奥尔良的星空了。星空的美鼓舞着我们，让我们有信心继续前行。 ►情境探究 ①Time permitting, I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends. 时间允许的话， 我希望有更多的空闲时间与朋友们在一起。 ②More time given, we should have done it much better. 如果给我们更多的时间，我们应该做得更好。 ③So much work to do, we have no time to join the party. 有这么多工作要做，我们没有时间去参加派对。 ④Children were making a snowman, hands red with cold. 孩子们正在堆雪人，双手冻得通红。 ⑤There being no bus，we had to go home on foot. 由于没有公共汽车，我们只好步行回家。 ►要点突破 独立主格结构主要起状语作用，相当于一个状语从句。在句中可以作时间、原因、条件或伴随状语等。独立主格结构有以下几种形式： ①名词/代词＋现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)； ②名词/代词＋过去分词(表示被动或已完成)； ③名词/代词＋不定式(表示动作将要发生)； ④名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)。 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①His friends to come (come) tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner. ②The guide leading (lead) the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest. ③The test finished (finish)，they began their holiday. ④Students were listening attentively in class, their eyes fixed (fix) on the blackboard. [对应学生用书P168] 1．Forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in your getting wet. 2．We are looking for someone who is reliable and hard­working. 3．The child was rescued from the fire, but died soon because of terrible burns. 4．The government has declared a state of emergency following the earthquake. 5．I am exceptionally more interested in teaching literacy and history compared to math and science. 6．It is claimed that wine helps protect against heart disease. 7．Natural disasters have obviously contributed to the continent's economic crisis． 8．If you threaten (威胁) me or use any force，I shall inform the police. 9．My parents lent me the money. Otherwise (否则), I couldn't have afforded the trip. 10．Many people had fled their homes to take shelter (庇护) in schools and other public buildings. 1．We sleep out under the stars, and eat our meals in the open air． 2．Although nearly a century has passed, we still have yet to find a satisfactory answer. 3．When you look up at the sky, you'll find birds are flying. 4．She rested for a while, then had a wash and changed her clothes. 5．He got up, and began to walk up and down the room. 6．When the star stepped out of the house, he found he was surrounded by a lot of fans. 7．Even though it is still in summer, there are many fallen leaves on the ground. 8．Once you've hit that target, you can move on to the next one. 9．All of a sudden there was a terrific bang and a flash of smoke. 10．Water turns into ice when the temperature is below freezing. I was sitting in my room with my cat Smartie 1.when the hurricane took place. The roof flew off so 2.suddenly (sudden) that I felt frightened. It rained heavily, and the street 3.turned (turn) into a river. 4.Living (live) in a room without a roof was dangerous, but we had nowhere to go. To make thing 5.worse (bad), there was no enough 6.drinking (drink) water, and Smartie disappeared. At midnight, we lied under the midnight sky and looked up 7.at the stars. Although we had nothing, moments like those gave us hope for the future. After we 8.were rescued (rescue), Smartie came back too. Now we are rebuilding our hometown together, 9.and never give up hope, with the beauty of the stars inspiring us and making us 10.confident (confidence) to move on. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$