Unit 6 课后提升练(18) Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Other parts（Word练习）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

课后提升练(十八) Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Other parts [对应学生用书P226] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．In the past, the respect for teachers was driven by the belief that they were reliable (rely) sources of knowledge. 2．In case of an emergency (emergent), please press the red button. 3．He claimed to have found (find) a temple on the peak. 4．Being stuck in a big fire is threatening, and we are threatened with it.(threat) 5．Nobody knows precisely (precise) how many people are still living in the camp. 6．Today, billions (billion) of dollars in goods and services are sold online. 7．At midnight we finally rescued the tourists who were trapped in the valley. 8．We have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines. 9．We learned how to make a fire without matches and create a shelter with branches and grass. 10．Consisting of 62 people, it not only included rescuers (rescue) and medical staff, but also included earthquake experts. Ⅱ.词义替换 forecast, grab, rescue, rely on, claim, exceptionally, otherwise, precisely, threat, sufficient 1．How much sleep you need depends on your age. relies on 2．Take action right now, or we'll be late. otherwise 3．Only when agriculture is fully developed can industry have enough materials and markets. sufficient 4．Environmental pollution has become a danger to human survival and development seriously. threat 5．He held on to a branch until we went to his rescue. grabbed 6．To my great joy, the plant did look exactly like what we were looking for. precisely 7．She seemed confident but in reality she felt extremely nervous. exceptionally 8．She was saved nine days after the plane crash. rescued 9．They declared that they had found mysterious creatures with sharp teeth in the cave. claimed 10．Stop talking, the weatherman are predicting the weather of the coming week on TV. forecasting Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2021·山东枣庄高一下期中)Standing on the ruins(废墟) after the fire where his house had been, Peter Ruprecht admitted that he was not sure how or when to rebuild. He was still shocked by what Australia's increasingly changeable climate had already delivered: first a drought, then a destructive bush fire, then a foot of rain from a storm. “It's unstoppable，” said Mr Ruprecht, a former dairy farmer. “We speak about the warmth of Mother Nature, but nature can also be vicious and wild and unforgiving.” Australia's hellish(地狱的) fire season has eased(缓和), but its people are facing more than a single disaster. With floods destroying homes not far from where fires recently spread, they are facing a cycle of what scientists call “compound extremes”： one climate disaster strengthening the next. Warmer temperatures do more than just dry out the land. They also heat up the atmosphere, which means clouds hold more moisture(水汽) for longer periods of time. So droughts get worse, giving way to fires, then to heavy rains that the land is too dry to absorb. Many Australians in disaster zones complain that their government, after ignoring climate change for years, has not yet to draw up recovery plans that are clear and that take future threats into account. At the same time, the economic costs of a changing climate are rising quickly. Philip Lowe, the governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia, warned recently that Australia was already paying a price, and that it would only go up. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚一系列极端的气候灾害，包括它的成因、灾害及造成的经济成本等。 1．Why Peter Ruprecht is mentioned in the beginning? A．To arouse readers' pity. B．To introduce the topic. C．To stress the problem. D．To call on readers to help. B　解析：推理判断题。由第一段的内容可知，关于Peter Ruprecht站在灾后的废墟上以及说的话都是为了引出话题：澳大利亚的气候灾难。故选B项。 2．Which word can replace the underlined word “vicious” in Paragraph 2? A．Grateful. B．Advanced. C．Responsible. D．Forcible. D　解析：词义猜测题。由第二段中的“We speak about the warmth of Mother Nature, but nature can also be vicious and wild and unforgiving.”中的warmth及转折连词but，wild及并列连词and可知，画线词vicious应为“残酷的，野蛮的”之意，forcible符合题意。故选D项。 3．What is the main cause of “compound extremes” in Australia? A．Government inaction. B．Warmer temperature. C．The lack of money. D．No recovery plans. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，主要是温度升高导致了复合极端情况。故选B项。 4．Where is the text probably from? A．A guidebook. B．A travel journal. C．A news report. D．A book review. C　解析：推理判断题。全文描述了澳大利亚的极端气候灾难，包括它的成因、危害以及造成的经济成本等，属于实时报道。所以，该文章应出自一篇新闻报道。故选C项。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2021·浙江嘉兴高一下期末)Ten cats and six dogs in W­Underdogs are safe thanks to the quick thinking of Keith Walker, a homeless man in Atlanta. Seeing a home 　1　， he called the fire department, and then rushed to save the dogs and cats. Founded about six years ago，W­Underdogs is a community group 　2　 dogs and cats. Volunteers in the group deliver dog food to people who can't always afford to buy it, 　3　 pets without owners, and provide shelter at times. Walker, 53, has been homeless for 40 years. He 　4　 the group with odd jobs, but since news of his brave 　5　 has surfaced, the group has received large quantities of messages about how they can help. GoFundMe 　6　 have been set up to financially support Walker and W­Underdogs, which 　7　 so much in the fire. “　8　 they're all safe now and lots of volunteers are walking them and loving them，” says dog trainer Victoria. “It's a small but 　9　 job. We do the work in communities that is very 　10　. But people have been so unbelievably generous with their time and 　11　 blankets and helping us with W­Underdogs.” Dozens of people left 　12　 online, but one summed everything up so well： “I 　13　 about Keith's heroism and it was possibly the best story for me. We all have problems, troubles and difficulties fitting in. But the pure 　14　 of this man is undeniable. Animals and people need someone like him to simply exist because his love matters. Thank you for 　15　 the light in the world.” 1．A．shining B．standing C．burning D．shaking 2．A．caring for B．searching for C．calling for D．standing for 3．A．take in B．put aside C．hide away D．pick out 4．A．helps B．provides C．rewards D．connects 5．A．rescue B．operation C．escape D．defence 6．A．clubs B．accounts C．systems D．committees 7．A．sought B．achieved C．lost D．wasted 8．A．Hopefully B．Frankly C．Unexpectedly D．Fortunately 9．A．ordinary B．worthwhile C．interesting D．creative 10．A．annoying B．dangerous C．tiring D．tough 11．A．exchanging B．donating C．designing D．selecting 12．A．impressions B．requests C．concerns D．comments 13．A．wrote B．spoke C．read D．thought 14．A．goodness B．honesty C．carefulness D．curiosity 15．A．cutting off B．adding to C．turning down D．running after 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Keith Walker看到一所房子着火，给消防队打了电话后，冲过去救那些狗和猫的故事。 1．C　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：看到一所房子着火，他给消防队打了电话，然后冲过去救那些狗和猫。A．shining闪烁；B．standing站立；C．burning燃烧；D．shaking摇晃。根据后文“he called the fire department”可知房子着火了，所以给消防队打电话。故选C。 2．A　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：成立于六年前的W­Underdogs是一个照顾猫和狗的社区组织。A．caring for关心，照顾；B．searching for寻找；C．calling for要求；D．standing for代表。根据后文“dogs and cats”可知W­Underdogs是一个照顾猫和狗的社区组织。故选A。 3．A　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：该组织的志愿者们为那些总是买不起狗粮的人提供狗粮，收养没有主人的宠物，有时还为他们提供住所。A．take in理解，收养；B．put aside放在一边；C．hide away隐藏；D．pick out挑选。根据后文“pets without owners”可知，此处指收养没有主人的宠物，应用take in。故选A。 4．A　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：他帮助该组织做一些零工，但自从他勇敢救援的消息浮出水面以来，该组织收到了大量关于如何提供帮助的信息。A．helps帮助；B．provides提供；C．rewards奖励；D．connects连接。根据后文“the group with odd jobs”可知Walker帮助该组织做一些零工，故选A。 5．A　解析：考查名词辨析。句意见上题解析。A．rescue营救；B．operation手术；C．escape逃跑；D．defence防御。呼应第一段中“to save the dogs and cats”，指Walker在大火中营救猫和狗。故选A。 6．B　解析：考查名词辨析。句意：W­Underdogs在火灾中损失惨重。已经建立起“GoFundMe”账户为Walker和W­Underdogs提供资金支持。A．clubs俱乐部；B．accounts账户；C．systems系统；D．committees委员会。根据前后文可知，此处指创建“GoFundMe”账户。故选B。 7．C　解析：考查动词辨析。句意见上题解析。A．sought寻找；B．achieved实现；C．lost失去；D．wasted浪费。根据后文“so much in the fire”可知因为火灾，W­Underdogs损失惨重。故选C。 8．D　解析：考查副词辨析。句意：“幸运的是，它们现在都很安全，很多志愿者都遛它们，喜欢它们，”训犬师Victoria说。A．Hopefully有希望地；B．Frankly坦白地；C．Unexpectedly意外地；D．Fortunately幸运地。根据后文“they're all safe now and lots of volunteers are walking them and loving them”可知动物们现在都很安全，这是幸事。故选D。 9．B　解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：这是一项虽渺小但值得做的工作。A．ordinary普通的；B．worthwhile值得做的；C．interesting有趣的；D．creative有创造力的。根据上文“It's a small but”中but表示转折，可知工作虽小，但是值得去做。故选B。 10．D　解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：我们在社区里做的工作非常艰难。A．annoying令人烦躁的；B．dangerous危险的；C．tiring累人的；D．tough艰难的。根据后文“But people have been so unbelievably generous with their time”中But表示转折，提到了人们非常慷慨地投入了他们的时间，本句是在说明他们的社区工作并不容易，非常艰难。故选D。 11．B　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：但人们非常慷慨地投入了他们的时间并且捐出毯子帮助我们W­Underdogs。A．exchanging交换；B．donating捐赠；C．designing设计；D．selecting选择。根据后文“blankets and helping us with W­Underdogs”可知，人们慷慨地捐出了毯子。故选B。 12．D　解析：考查名词辨析。句意：许多人在网上留言，但有一个人总结得很好……A．impressions印象；B．requests请求；C．concerns关心；D．comments评论。后文“online, but one summed everything up so well”指人们在网上留言，发表评论，comments符合语境。故选D。 13．C　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：我读到了Keith的英雄事迹，这可能是我读过的最好的故事。A．wrote写；B．spoke说；C．read阅读；D．thought认为。根据后文“about Keith's heroism and it was possibly the best story for me”可知指有人读到了Keith的英雄事迹，故选C。 14．A　解析：考查名词辨析。句意：但是这个人的纯粹的善良是不可否认的。A．goodness善良；B．honesty诚实；C．carefulness仔细；D．curiosity好奇心。根据前文中提到的Keith不顾危险，冲进着火的房子里救动物可见，他很善良。故选A。 15．B　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：谢谢你为世界增添了光明。A．cutting off切断；B．adding to增加；C．turning down拒绝；D．running after追赶。根据后文“the light in the world”可知，这个人评价Keith给世界增添了光明，add to符合语境。故选B。 Ⅲ.单元话题写作 4月22日是世界地球日。你校学生会组织了一次关于世界地球日的社区宣传活动。请你写一则英文报道，内容包括： 1．参加人员； 2．活动过程； 3．活动反响。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 An Activity to Protect Our Earth ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] An Activity to Protect Our Earth A meaningful activity was held in the local community by the students' union on Earth Day. Students of Senior Grade One headed for the community in the morning, handing out posters to the residents. Speeches to raise the awareness of saving the earth were given and citizens were shown the basic ways to avoid doing harm to the earth. Many students felt they had a better understanding of the Earth Day and local residents thought highly of the efforts we had made. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$