Unit 6 课后提升练(17) Section Ⅱ Using language—Grammar（Word练习）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

课后提升练(十七) Section Ⅱ　Using language—Grammar [对应学生用书P223] Ⅰ.写出句中被省略的部分 1．Please send us all the information (that) you have about the candidate for the position. 2．There were plenty of empty seats (on) that night. 3．He said (that) the meeting was very important and that we all should attend it. 4．Only one of us was injured, and he (was injured) just slightly. 5．I don't like the way (that/in which) she treated others. Ⅱ.将下列句子改写成省略结构 1．Get up early tomorrow. If you don't get up early tomorrow, you will miss the first bus. →Get up early tomorrow. If not, you will miss the first bus. 2．Just take a short break if you are tired. →Just take a short break if tired． 3．The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful. →The burn she got from the iron was red and very painful． 4．Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most of the students haven't done a first aid course. →Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most haven't． 5．John will go abroad to travel but his brother will not go abroad to travel. →John will go abroad to travel but his brother will not． Ⅲ.用省略形式翻译句子 1．她站在门口，好像在等人。 She stood at the gate as if waiting for someone. 2．我们花了一大笔钱建这座房子。 We spent a large sum of money building the house. 3．鲍勃做了他的家庭作业，可是汤姆却没有。 Bob has done his homework, but Tom hasn't. 4．我知道她是一个老师，也是一个优秀的作家。 I know she is a teacher and an excellent writer. 5．即使受到邀请，他也不会去参加晚会。 He will not go to the party even if invited. Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2021·四川成都外国语学校高一上期中)As the climate warms, birds are shrinking and their wingspans are growing, according to a new study. Researchers analyzed 70，716 birds from 52 kinds of North American migratory(迁徙的) bird species collected over 40 years. The authors say the study is the largest of its kind and that the findings are important to understand how animals will adapt to climate change. “We found almost all of the species were getting smaller，” said lead author Brian Weeks, an assistant professor at the University of Michigan. “The species were pretty diverse, but responding in a similar way，” he said. “The consistency was shocking.” He said studies of animal responses to climate change often focus on shifts in geographical range or timing of life events, like migration and birth. But this study suggests body morphology(形态) is a crucial third aspect. “That's one major implication，” he said. “It's hard to understand how birds will adapt without taking all three of these things into consideration.” The findings showed that from 1978 to 2016, the length of the birds' lower leg bone shortened by 2.4%. Over the same time, the wings lengthened by 1.3%. The evidence suggested warming temperatures caused the decrease in body size, which in turn caused the increase in wing length. “Migration is an incredibly taxing thing they do，” Mr Weeks said, explaining that the smaller body size means less energy available for the birds to complete their long journeys. He said the birds most likely to survive migration were the ones with longer wingspans and smaller bodies. The scientists aren't exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink. One theory is that smaller animals are better at cooling off, losing body heat more quickly. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究表明随着气候变暖，鸟类数量在减少，鸟的体型在缩小，翅膀在增长，原因未知。 1．What made Brian Weeks feel astonished? A．It took 40 years to collect 70，716 birds from North America. B．Many birds are shrinking when responding to the climate change. C．All migratory bird species were collected to do the important research. D．So many researchers take part in the largest study to work out the findings. B　解析：细节理解题。由第二段“‘We found almost all of the species were getting smaller，’ said lead author Brian Weeks, an assistant professor at the University of Michigan.(‘我们发现几乎所有的物种都在变小。’密歇根大学助理教授Brian Weeks说。)”和第三段的“‘The species were pretty diverse, but responding in a similar way，’ he said. ‘The consistency was shocking.’”，可知Brian Weeks认为许多鸟类在应对气候变化时体型都在缩小令人震惊。故选B项。 2．What does the underlined word “taxing” most probably mean? A．Tiring. B．Important. C．Easy. D．Pleasant. A　解析：词义猜测题。由倒数第三段的“Mr Weeks said, explaining that the smaller body size means less energy available for the birds to complete their long journeys”可知，画线词所在句的句意是迁徙是一件非常疲劳的事情，因此taxing在此处意为“疲劳的”，用tiring代替。故选A项。 3．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．The migratory birds aren't big. B．The temperatures will be higher. C．The scientists will go on further study. D．The smaller animals will surely live longer. C　解析：推理判断题。由最后一段第一句“The scientists aren't exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink.”可知，科学家还不能确定气温升高导致鸟类缩小的原因，可推断出科学家们将继续深入研究。故选C项。 4．What's the best title for the text? A．All of the Birds Are Getting Smaller B．Animals Are Adapting to Climate Change C．Climate Change Is Causing Birds to Shrink D．Scientists Are Finding Causes of Warm Climate C　解析：标题概括题。通读全文可知，这篇文章主要讲了研究表明随着气候变暖，鸟类数量在减少，鸟的体型在缩小，翅膀在增长，原因未知。这篇文章最好的题目是“气候变化正导致鸟类缩减”，故选C项。 Ⅱ.七选五阅读 Last week the electricity in my flat went out. 1.______ My typical evening is spent watching TV and scrolling(滚动) through social media. That night this wasn't possible. My roommate and I weren't prepared with candles and matches. We just relied on electricity. So for me it was an early night. 2.______ That night, losing our electricity felt like losing a basic necessity, as basic as running water. But really, electricity is a luxury that we've grown to take for granted. I use electricity all the time, even when it's not really necessary. 3．______ And as I'm writing this, I have my lights on, even in the middle of the day when I don't really need them. 4．______ It contributes to global warming. It is harming our environment and we need to do what we can to stop it. Not only that, but if we continue to use the same large amount of energy, we will soon run out of it. How would we survive in a world without electricity? Our daily lives go around it. We wouldn't be able to function. 5.______ So, shouldn't we start preparing for it now? Cutting down on our use of electricity would save energy resources so that they could last for longer. And if everyone does it, we can make a big difference. A．Yet we know one day we will run out of it. B．Our overuse of electricity is a big problem. C．This left me in complete darkness the whole night. D．It is a real problem to cut down on the use of electricity. E．I know for sure I could cut down on my use of electricity. F．I couldn't help but think, do we rely too much on electricity? G．I turn on the TV in the background even when I'm not watching it. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章叙述的是电在我们日常生活中起到的作用以及号召我们要节约用电。作者希望每个人都节约用电，这样就能做出很大的改变。 1．C　解析：上一句提到“Last week the electricity in my flat went out.(上一周我的公寓停电了。)”。C选项“这让我整晚都在黑暗中。”是上句的结果，承接上文。该项中的in complete darkness对应上文中的went out。故选C。 2．F　解析：上句提到“So for me it was an early night(所以对我来说，这是一个早睡的夜晚)”；再根据下句提到“felt like losing a basic necessity”可知，F项“我不得不想，我们是不是太依赖电力了？”承上启下。故选F。 3．G　解析：根据下句提到“as I'm writing this, I have my lights on, even in the middle of the day when I don't really need them(当我写这篇文章的时候，我的灯还亮着，即使是在我不需要它们时的正中午)”可知，G项“即使我不看电视，我也会打开电视。”与下句都是讲如何浪费电的。该选项中的turn on the TV与下文中have my lights on呼应。故选G。 4．B　解析：根据下文提到“It contributes to global warming. It is harming our environment and we need to do what we can to stop it.(它导致了全球变暖。它正在损害我们的环境，我们需要尽我们所能阻止它。)”可知，B项“我们用电过度是一个大问题。”是下句的原因。该项中的Our overuse of electricity就是下文中it所指代的内容。故选B。 5．A　解析：根据上文提到“How would we survive in a world without electricity? Our daily lives go around it. We wouldn't be able to function.(在没有电的世界里，我们如何生存？我们的日常生活围绕着它。没有它我们就不能正常工作了。)”，再根据下文“Cutting down on our use of electricity would save energy resources so that they could last for longer.(减少我们的电力使用将节省能源，这样它们就能持续使用更长的时间。)”可知，A项“但我们知道总有一天我们会耗尽它。”承上启下，该项中的Yet表示转折；run out of it与下文的Cutting down构成一种因果关系。故选A。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2021·湖南常德一中高一上期中)On 20 December, a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead. Goldshore Beach was the only local beach 1.__________ (survive) the disaster without any loss of life. A 10­year­old girl, Sabrina Andron, helped around 100 people escape 2.__________ (dangerous) with her knowledge of tsunamis. The day began like any other on Goldshore Beach. People were walking, running 3.__________ simply sitting on the sandy beach, 4.__________ (enjoy) the warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed their hair. Sabrina was one of the happy 5.__________ (tourist) until she noticed something odd. “The water was like the bubbles on the top of a beer，” she later explained. “It wasn't calm and it wasn't going in and then out. It was just coming in and in and in.” Sabrina had just learnt about tsunamis in a Geography lesson. It immediately 6.__________ (occur) to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. Sabrina was frightened, but she soon kept her head. She warned her parents of the danger, though at first they just thought she was joking. However, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was on 7.__________ (it) way and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer. 8.__________ her great relief, the officer immediately realized the coming danger. The beach was 9.__________ (rapid) cleared of people, just 10.________ the huge waves crashed into the coast. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫塞布丽娜的小女孩用她的海啸知识帮助大约100人避开了危险。 1．to survive　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：金海岸海滩是当地唯一没有任何生命损失幸存下来的海滩。the only修饰名词时，其后接动词不定式短语作后置定语。故填to survive。 2．danger　解析：考查名词。句意：一个10岁的女孩，塞布丽娜·安德伦，用她的海啸知识帮助大约100人避开了危险。该空需填一个名词作动词escape的宾语，所给词dangerous为形容词，其名词danger符合题意。故填danger。 3．or　解析：考查连词。句意：人们在散步、跑步，或者只是坐在沙滩上，享受着温暖的海风和拂过他们头发的柔风。分析句子，该空需要连词，三个动词并列，并且表选择，意为“或者”，此处并不表示三件事情都在做，and不合适。故填or。 4．enjoying　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。该空所给动词enjoy在句中作伴随状语，应使用现在分词。故填enjoying。 5．tourists　解析：考查名词的数。句意：塞布丽娜是其中一个快乐的游客，直到她注意到一些奇怪的事情。所给词tourist为可数名词，结合空前one of 可知，应使用名词复数形式。故填tourists。 6．occurred　解析：考查动词的时态。句意：她立刻意识到，这是海啸即将来临的迹象。所给动词occur在句中作谓语，结合全文时态，应使用一般过去时，固定句型It suddenly occurred to sb. that ...表示“某人突然间想到……”。故填occurred。 7．its　解析：考查代词。句意：然而，塞布丽娜确信一场可怕的灾难即将来临，她不断要求父母找安全官员谈谈。固定短语on one's way表示“在路上，即将来临”，这里应填物主代词指代disaster。故填its。 8．To　解析：考查介词。句意：令她大为欣慰的是，那位军官立即意识到即将到来的危险。固定短语to one's relief表示“令某人感到如释重负的是，令某人欣慰的是”，位于句首首字母大写。故填To。 9．rapidly　解析：考查副词。句意：就在巨浪冲击海岸之前，海滩上的人很快就被清场了。该空需要副词修饰动词cleaned，所给词rapid为形容词。故填rapidly。 10．before　解析：考查时间状语从句的引导词。句意见上题解析。根据上文的“without any loss of life”可知，此处指在巨浪冲击海滩之前人们就已经走了。表示“在……之前”用before。故填before。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$