语法 专题三 第六讲 代词、冠词和介词-【勤径学升】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（外研版）

8.解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空8.解析考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中华古茶博物馆正式 处应用不定式作目的状语，空处位于句首，应注意首字母大 渴牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遭真一普洱茶专题晨。 写。故填To make 名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 答案To make 答案its 9,解析者查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处为“The Tail of9.解析考查代词。与前面的it will always stick in the Peter Rabbit'”同位语，表示其的特征，此处表泛指，且title的 visitor's memory呼应，这里表示“It sure sticks in my 发音以辅音音素开头，所以演丑。 memory,”,因此，本空填名词性物生代词mine, 答案a 答案mine 10,解析考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空10解析考查代词。此处是说地的房子也反块了地自己，应 处在句中作谓语动词。结合整，文章可知，光处时态为一 用反身代问herself. 般现在时：主语many of these festivals与hold之间为被动 答案herself 关系：主语many of these festivals为复数概念。所以填are 11.解析考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处要用代词作 held. ind的宾语，琴用人称代词的宾格。they的缤格为them。 答案are held 答案them Ⅱ，写作运用 12.解析考查介词。by hand“用手工”，是固定誉配。故 1.I'm more than delighted that you show such great interest in 填by。 China 答案by 2.Iwill iry my best to write to you as ofen as possible to13,解析考查分词。fromto为固定搭配，表示“从…到 introduce you the Chinese culture …”。 3.show you around some famous historical places of interest 答案to 4.Anyway,I am going to help you as much as I can l4.解析考查介词。take responsibility for“对…负责”，是 专题三不可忽视的小词一代词，冠词和介词 固定短语。句意：地警告社会面格的环境危险，并教导人们 第六讲代词，冠词和介词 必须承担起拯救环境的责任。 [高考真题感知] 答案【or 1.解析考查冠词。句意：肉结应该是新鲜的，带着一丝甜味， 15.解析考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示北京作为中间 包裹肉笛的汤是热乎的，清逝可口的.。0u心h作名词时表示 的首都，所以空处填3。 微量，a touch of为围定搭配，表示“一点儿，少许”。 答案a5 答案a 核心考点梳理 2,解析考查冠词。空后为可数名词单数anguage,因此，空 一，代词 处考盛使用冠词起限定作用，概据language后的used for 考点一 the medical training instructions可知，此处表特指，所以空 即时演练 处应该填定冠词the。 1.its 2.me 3.them 4.themselves 答案the 3.解析考查冠词。此处特指草根北京人的文化，所以空处 考点二 填the, 即时演练 答案the 1.it 2.It 3.it 4.it 4.解析考查冠词。句意：他的一个朋友吴凡在旅行中自凰成 考点三 为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应 即时演练 用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a,故填A, 1.other 2.those 3,both 4.another 答案A 二、冠词 5,解析考查冠词。何意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园 考点一 的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。times在此表示“倍 即时演练 数”，常用于"A十be+…times十the十size/length/height/… :1.the 2.a 3.a 4.the 十of十B”结构，表示“A是B的…倍”。故填the。 考点二 答案the 即时演练 6.解析考查冠词，句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京晋L,he2.the3.a4,a5.he 商博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这三，介词 一节日，所以用定冠词。故填the 考点一 答案the 即时演练 7.解析考查代讨。此处用形容讨性物主代词their作定语，1.by2.in3.by4.by5.Without 修饰空后的名词contents,.表示“不会使小笼包开裂，或者溢考点二 出小笔包里的任何东西”。 即时演练 答案their 1.as 2.from 3.on 4.on 5.of ·419· 高考一蛇总复习·英语·WY 考点三 专题四理清常用句式并列句，三大从句和特殊句式 即时演练 第七讲定语从句 1.with 2.to 3.for 4.from 5.to 「高考真题感知] [巩固训练冲关 L解析考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从 【,语法填室 句，且在从句中作主语，先行词为place,故旗that/which。 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，本文主要讲迷了一周四天工 答案that/which 作制这一新兴形式薇受欢迎。这种工作制在保证生产效率的 2.解析考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性 同时，还能让员工不再感到精菠力竭，也使得他们的健康水平 定语从句，先行词是表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地 有所提高，工作和生活更加平衡。 点状语，故填where.。语境：在美国的中心地带曾经有一个 1,解析考查副词。此处修饰形容词successful,应用副词 小镇，那里所有的生命似平都享受着与周国环境的和平 答案remarkably 共处。 2.解析考查非谓语动。lead to sb.doing sth.“导致某人做 答案where 某事”为围定搭配， 3,解析考查定语从句，分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制 答案moving 性定语从句，从句缺少宾语，且先行词是前面的整个主句，此 3.解析黄查名词。根据句意和空前的gained可知，此处作宾 处表示“正如”，所以空处填as。句意：然而，正如蕾切尔·卡 语，需使用名词形式。 森在《明天的窝言》中所说的那样，这种离言形式今天仍然有 答秦popularity 价值。 4解析考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引 答案as 学非限制性定语从句，先行词为The trials,指物，关系词在4.解析考查定语从句。句意：大熊猫国家公园台在为生活在 从句中作主语，故填which 大熊猫栖息地的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改养该 答案which 地区的生态系统健康。分析句式结构可知，此处缺少定语从 5.解析考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空 句关系代词。先行词为pecies,且先行词前为all修饰，尺能 处作调语。此处时态应与上文时态保持一致，应用一般过去 用关系代词that。故填that。 时：主语h与report之间是被动关系，应用被动语态：主语t 答案that 为第三人称单数。故端was reported. 5.解析考查定语从句。句意：在1100千米的旅程中，8岁时 答案was reported 因一次车祸失明的男子曹康穿过了三个省的40个城市和 6.解析考查副词的比较级。根据句意及stressful可知，此处 县。根据句式结构可知，设空处所在句子为非限定性定语从 表示“压力更少”，所以应用lite的比较级，意为“更少地”。 句，修饰先行间the man Cao Shengkang,先行词在从句中作 答案Iess 主语，放用关系代词who引导。故填who: 7.解析考查冠词。根据句意及后文的success可知，此处 答案who succes5表示“成功的事物”，是可数名词，此处表泛指，因此6.解析考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从 需使用不定冠词，且complete的发音以辅音音素开头，应 句，先行词是tool,关系词在从句中作主语，应用thnt/ 用推。 which. 答案a 答案tht/which 8.解析考查名词的复数形式。分析句子结构可知，ad连接7解析考查定语从句。本句主句为到装句，主语an artist为 两个句子，空处为ad后的句子的主语，霸使用名词，因学到先行词，后接定语从句，空处与共后名词paintings之问构成 的经验教训不止一个，所以需使用名词的复数形式 所属关系，应用whose.。 答案le%sOns 答案whose 9,解析考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示不会糊害他们的8解析考查定语从句，分析子结构可知，室处引导定语从 收入，因此填介词without. 句，先行词为campaign,空处在从句中作地点状语，应用 答案without where. 10解析考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处为系动词 答案where feel的表语，应用形容词attached,意为“兼常喜欢…的”。9.解析考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，介词from和空 答案attached 处引导定语从句，修饰先行词Many lessons,.指物，应用 Ⅱ.写作运用 which. 1.How is everything going 答案which 2.which is easy for you to understand 核心考点梳理 3.ineluding a fascinating collection of masterpieces 考点一 4.you will have a good knowledge of this form of art 即时演练 5.give it a try 1.whose 2.which 3.that/which 4.that 5.who/that 6.I hope you will like the book and find it helpful 6.whose 高考一轮总复习·英语·WY ·420·国高考一轮总复习·英语，WY Sometimes.judges award prizes to the best Dear David, projects like“The Best Pun”.A pun is a funny I've learned it from the Internet that you want play on words that sound similar but have different to make friends with a Chinese student so as to 6. (meaning),like“tale”and“tail”,A learn the Chinese language and culture.1. possible 7. (win)for“The Best Pun'”might (我很高兴你对中国有浓厚的兴趣)and show Peter Rabbit,the character from The Tale of I would like to be your friend. Peter Rabbit,with a tail made of marshmallow( 2. (我将尽可能地经常给你 软糖)f1uff.8. (make)a pun,the projeet 写信介绍中国文化).When you have an could be called "The Tail of Peter Rabbit", opportunity to come to China.I'll teach you how 9. title punny enough to make the judges to speak Chinese and 3. (带你参 laugh! 观一些著名的历史名胜).4. Given the fun and often silly nature.it's not (无论如何，我将尽可能多地帮助你).How do you surprising that many of these festivals 10. think? (hold)on April Fool's Day! I'm looking forward to your reply. Ⅱ.写作运用 Yours sincerely, 根据汉语提示补全作文，并注意其中形容词和 Li Hua 副词的使用。 专题三不可忽视的小词一代词、冠词和介词 近几年，高考对不可忽视的小词（冠词、代词和介词）的考查主要集中在其基本用法上，因此这类试题 一般较为简单。考生在解题时要牢记：根据语境、句意判断人称和数，仔细阅读上下文，根据代词具体指代 的对象和在句中充当的成分，确定代词的格：冠词经常考查不定冠词a,an的泛指和定冠词he的特指及固 定搭配：介词的固定搭配是解答介词相关题目的关键。 第六讲 代词、冠词和分词 高考真题感知 对应客案P419 项目 高考真题练 微技能点拨 L.(2023·新高考I卷)The meat should be fresh with touch 语法填空“二”谨记 of sweetness,and the surrounding soup hot,clear and delicious. 1.根据泛指或特指选择冠词 2.(2023·新高考l卷)Not the pandas,even though language 如果空格后的名词或“形 used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 容词十名词”前设有形容词性 3.(2o23·浙江卷)In contrast to the court life and upper-class 物主代词、不定代词、名词所 culture represented by the Forbidden City,the Summer Palace. 有格或指示代词等限定词时 and the Temple of Heaven,the hutongs reflect 很可能填冠词。 culture of grassroot Beijingers. 2.根据固定句式或固定搭配 4.(2022·全国甲卷) friend of his,Wu Fan. 冠词 选择冠词 volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 5.(2022·新高考I卷)Covering an area about three times 英语中有很多带有冠词 size of Yellowstone National Park,the GPNP will be 的固定句式或短语，记住这些 one of the first national parks in the country. 句式和短语也有利于解决此 6.(2022·全四乞卷)May21 st this year marks the first 类问题。 International Tea Day,which was named officially by the United Nations on November 27th,2019.To celebrate festival,a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. 254 语法回 续表 项目 高考真题练 微技能点拨 7.(2023·新高考I卷)Nanxiang aside,the best xiao long bao have a 语法填空“二”谨记 fine skin,allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket 1.熟记常用的不定代词，如 without tearing or spilling any of (they)contents. one、all、both、either、neither、 8.(2022·全画乙w)The(Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially each、many、much,little、few、 unveiled(揭幕)at the ceremony,.opening (it)first other,another,nothing等。 exhibition:The Avenue of Truth-A Special Exhibition of 2.人称、物主、反身代词：“成 Pu'er Tea. 分”是关键 9.(2021·新高考I卷)As the song goes,this long and winding (1)如果句中缺少主语，则 代词 road "will never disappear",and it will always stick in the 用人称代词的主格： visitor's memory.It sure does in (1). (2)如果句中缺少宾语或表 I0.(2021·浙江卷)She was extremely pretty,and her house was 语，则用人称代词的宾格： a reflection of (she),everything in good taste and in (3)如果句中缺少定语，则 perfect order. 用形容词性物主代词： ll.(全四Ⅲw)When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I (4)如果宾语或表语又反射 was just glad to find (they)alive. 到句中的主语，则用反身 代词。 “四种方法”确定介词 l2.(2023·新高考I卷)There,you'll find them prepared 1.根据介词短语与谓语的逻 differently-more dumpling and less soup-and the wrappers 辑关系。 are pressed hand rather than rolled. 2.根据语境含义并结合介词 13.(2023·金国之卷)From Buddhist temples to museums, 用法。 narrow hutongs royal palaces,it is home to more 3.根据特殊的结构关系，如接 than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, 复合宾语就只能用with或 介词 with the city keeping its carefully built system of ring roads. without. 14.(2023·全国甲w)She warns of the environmental dangers 4.根据介词与动词、形容词、 facing society.and she teaches that people must take 名词等的搭配。 responsibility saving their environment. l5.(2023·新江卷)Thanks to Beijing's long history the capital of China,almost every hutong has its stories,and some are even associated with historic events. 2550 国高考一轮总复习·英语·WY 气核心考点梳理 [N应客案P419] 一、代词 考点一人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 [即时演练] 1.基本用法 单句语法填空 1.(2021·全回乙卷)Ecotourism has (it)origin 人称代词 物主代词 类别 反身代词 with the environmental movement of the 1970s. 主格宾格 形容词性名词性 主语、 宾语， 2.(202·哈师大附中四模)“1 loved piecing information 宾语 together uncovered in books.archaeological studies 功能 主语 定语 表语 表语， 表语 宾语 同位语 and other resource materials.It was like a detective's work for 第一 单数 (I),”says Wu me my mine myself Xuan,30.now a director of China Media 人称 复数 we us our ours ourselves Group. 第二 单数 you you your yours yourself 3.(2023·深圳外四语学校七模)Yet the teenage 人称 复数 you you your yours yourselves dream seems to conflict with the experience of he him his his himself real life:when the same question was put to 18- 第三 单数 she her her hers herself and 19-year-olds,almost half of (they) 人称 it its its itself replied that teenagers should not leave home before the age of 18. 复数 they them their theirs themselves 4.(2023·江西八校联考)It can therefore be useful 2.反身代词的习惯用法 for people to learn and practice martial arts to be by oneself(独自地) able to physical defend (they). 与介词 for oneself(替自己：为自己) 考点二it的用法 搭配 of oneself(自动地) 1.it的基本用法 in oneself(本质上：本身) 用法 例句 apply oneself to(专心致志于) behave oneself(举止得体) It is early spring,but it 指天气、季节、时 is already hot. dress oneself(打扮：自己穿衣) 间、距离、环境等 现在是初春，但是天气已 与动词 devote oneself to(致力于；献身于) 经很热了。 搭配 help oneself to(随便吃/用) enjoy oneself(玩得痛快) 指代前面提过的事 That vase is valuable.It is seat oneself(就座；入席) 物、群体、想法、内 more than 200 years old. 容等或代替指示 那个花瓶很贵重，它有 make yourself at home(别拘束) 代词 200多年的历史。 256 语法回 续表 3.t的常用短语或句型 When it comes to learning English,reading 用法 例句 widely is of great importance. 指不知性别的婴儿 当谈到学习英语，广泛阅读很重要。 The baby cried because 或身份不明确的人 You can count on/rely on/depend on it that he it was hungry. (由于某种原因而 这个婴儿饿得啼哭。 will help you out. 不知对方是谁) 你可以相信他能帮助你摆脱困境 I have made it clear that I can't help it if he is always complaining. it用来代替不定 nobody is allowed to 若他总是抱怨，我也没办法。 式，动名词短语或 smoke here. We finally made it to the airport though it was 名词性从句作形式 我已经说得很清楚了，不 rainy. 主语或形式宾语 允许任何人在此吸烟。 尽管下雨了，但是我们最终及时赶到了机场。 2.t作形式主语或形式宾语的常用句型 As someone puts it,practice makes perfect. 正如某人所说，熟能生巧。 It is a pity/shame that..(真可惜…) Please see to it that you fasten the safety belt It is no wonder that.(难怪…) when driving. 1 t seems.appears that.,(似乎/看来…) 开车时确保系好安全带」 It looks/seems as if/as though... I take it that you don't agree with the manager. 起来好像…) 我想你不同意经理的意见。 It happens that(碰巧…) It is/has been three years since he joined the It occurs to/comes to/strikes hits sb. it作形 army. that…(某人突然想起…) 式主语 他参军已经三年了。 It is said/reported that(据说/据报 It was three years before he returned home. 道…) 过了三年他才回家 It is certain that..(…是一定的) 即时演练 It is no use/good doing.(做……没 单句语法填空 1.(2023·山东省实验中学二模)Beside5,almost 有用/好处) every country has made a must that It takes sb.some time to do.(做… students learn English in colleges. 需要某人若干时间) 2.(2023·山东月考) takes more than three hours of driving on the mountain roads to “主语+think/believe/,suppose/consider get there,and the journey requires driving skills feel make/keep...+it+adj.n.+for/of and courage. sb.todo…/that从句” 3.Every new year in the heartland of industrial it作形 “主i语+think/believe/suppose/consider/ China,thousands upon thousands of motor 式宾语 feel.'make/keep...+it+useless/worth/ cyclists brave the weather and hit the road. home. worthwhile/no use/no good/a waste determined to make 4.However,the railway quickly proved to be a of time/money energy...+doing..." great success and within six months,more than 25,000 people were using every day. 257® 国高考一轮总复习·英语·WY 考点三不定代词 3.both、all,either、any、neither和none的用法 l.other,.the other、another、others和the others的用法 范围 都 任一 都不 不能单独使用，常与复数名词连用， 两者 both either neither 如果前面有the、some、any、each、 other every,no以及形容词性物主代词 三者或三者以上 all any none 时，也可与可数名词单数连用。 4.something、anything和nothing的用法 表示泛指，相当于“other十复数名 others 词”，可构成some...others…,意为 不定代词 句式 意义 一些……另一些…”。 肯定句 某事，某物 something “the other十可数名词单数”特指 疑问句 某事，某物 两者中的另一个，可构成one…hc 条件句、否定句 other.,意为“一个…另一个…” 任何东西（事物） the other/ anything 疑问句 the other的复数形式为the others the others 或“the other十复数名词”，特指在 背定句 任何东西（事物） 某些人或物中，除去一部分后，其 nothing 陈述句 没有一点儿东西 余的人或物。 名师点津 指三者或三者以上中的另一个，表 固定搭配：anything but(根本不)、nothing 示泛指，后接可数名词单数：也可 another but(只不过，仅仅)、all but(差不多)、none but 以用于“another十数词十可数名 词复数”表示“另外儿个…”。 (仅仅，只有)。everything意为“每件事物，所 有事物”，强调整体，与ot连用时表示部分否 2.one(s)、that和those的用法 定，意为“并不是所有事物都…”。 在文中为避免重复，one(s),that和those等都 可以用来代替上文出现的名词。 [即时演练] one代替的是前面提到 单句语法填空 的同类异物中的任何一 1.Just an hour after completing her first aid 个，相当于“aan十可数 one(s) course.Mamta was waiting at a bus stop when 名词单数”：ones用来 an十可数名 she heard a crash and saw a motorcyclist flying 代替前面出现的可数名 词单数=one: 词复数，也表泛指。 through the air-his helmet was going one way the十可数名 and his motorbike the 4 代替前面提到的同类异 词单数 2.However,quite a few others,especially 物中特指的事物，所代 that/the one; in the countryside,would fix a lucky date so that 替的名词可以是可数名 the+不可数 their marriage would have "Double Happiness". that 词单数，也可以是不可 名词=that: the+可数名 3.And the hutong today is fading into the shade 数名词，其前面通常不 词复数=the for 能有修饰语，但可以有 tourists and local people. 后置定语。 ones/those: 4.As far as I am concerned.cycling is a good solution. 可数名词复数 For one thing,bicycles don't need any petrol and 代替前面提到的同类异 =ones they are energy-saving.For bicycles are 物中特指的事物，只能 those environmentally friendly because they won't give off 指代可数名词复数，相 waste gas. 当于the ones, 258 语法回 二、冠词 考点一冠词的基本用法 The operation is a success and the patient is now l.不定冠词a、an out of danger. (1)在发音以辅音音素开头的单词前用a,在发音 手术很成功，病人目前脱离了危险。 2.定冠词the 以元音音素开头的单词前用an。如a (1)特指某人或某事。 university、a useful animal、a European car、an The village where I was born has taken on a new hour、an honest boy、anX-ray、an ugly man、an honor等。 look in the past ten years. 在过去十年里，我出生的那个小村庄已经呈现出 Judging from his words,he must be an 新的面貌。 honest man. (2)用于序数词和形容词副词最高级以及形容 从他的话判断，他一定是一位诚实的人。 词(only、very、same等)之前。 As is known to us,Russia is a European country. As is known to all.China is the biggest developing 众所周知，俄罗斯是一个欧洲国家。 country in the world. (2)不定冠词a/an放在可数名词单数前，泛指一 众所周知，中国是世界上最大的发展中国家。 个人或一个事物。 Yang Liwei is the first man who has been into They found an apartment in America where they space in China. lived only half a year. 杨利伟是中国第一个登上太空的人。 他们在美国找到一个公寓，在那里待了仅仅 (3)在某些形容词、分词前表示一类人或在姓氏 半年。 复数前表示一家人。 (3)表示泛指。说话人第一次提及某人或某物时 As far as I know,the Greens are going to move 通常用不定冠词。 to Beijing. It was a cold winter night and the moon was 据我所知，格林一家要搬到北京去。 shining brightly. (4)用在世界上独一无二的事物、西洋乐器以及 那是一个寒冷的冬夜，月亮在夜空中闪耀着。 发明物的名词前。 (4)表示数量。不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但 The little girl likes to play the violin and often 数的概念没有one强烈。 plays it after school. As the old saying goes,"Rome was not built in 这个小女孩喜欢拉小提琴，经常放学后演奏。 aday.” (5)用在表示计量的名词前，如by the hour、by 常言道：“伟业非一日之功。” the day,by the week,by the dozen,by the yard (5)不定冠词a/an表示“某一个”，相当于some/a 等，但是如果表示单位的名词为不可数名词时 certain。 之前不用冠词，如by weight,by height等。 A Mr Brown came to see you just now. As far as I know,he will get paid by the week. 刚才有一位布朗先生来找你了。 据我所知，他会按周得到报酬。 (6)“a/an十序数词”表示“又一，再一”：“a most (6)用于the more…the more…(越…越…) 十形容词”表示“非常，很”。 结构中。 I really enjoyed my stay in Xi'an.It's indeed The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you worth a second visit. will make. 我真的喜欢待在西安，它的确值得再次参观。 你越仔细，犯的错误就会越少。 He put forward a most useful suggestion at the [即时演练] meeting. 单句语法填空 在会议上他提出了一个非常实用的建议。 1.(2021·全国乙卷)Due1o growing (7)在success、.failure、.surprise、pleasure、 popularity of environmentally-related and adventure beauty、wonder、.comfort、danger、shock等抽象 travel,various types of trips are now being classified 名词前表示“一个…的人，一件…的事”。 as ecotourism. 259型 国高考一轮总复习·英语·WY 2.(2o21·新高考I卷)While you'rein(China,Mount 3.零冠词用于固定短语中 Huangshan is must to visit! on purpose 故意地 3.(2020·浙江卷)A child born in the US today by chance 碰巧 has very realistie chance of living catch,on fire 着火 beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly. at dawn/dusk 在黎明，黄昏 4.(2023·河★联考)Every summer in ancient face to face 面对面地 Hangzhou, capital city of the in debt 负债 Southern Song Dynasty.each family cooked a in fact 实际上 new tea called Qijia tea,primarily together with make room for 给…让出空间 out of date fine fruits of various colors. 过时的 heart and soul 全心全意地 考点二固定搭配中的冠词 in danger 在危险中 1.不定冠词用于固定短语中 in return 作为回报 at a loss 不知所措：闲惑 side by side 肩并肩地 have a word with 与…谈话 from time to time 不时地 all of a sudden 突然 hand in hand 手拉手 in a hurry 匆忙地 day after day 天天地：日复一日地 as a rule 通常 day by day 一天天：渐渐地 pay a visit to 参观：拜访 out of place 不合适 as a matter of fact 事实上 on foot 步行 as a result/consequence 因此 in place 在正确位置 be on a diet 节食 4.冠词有无，意义不同 have a gift/talent for 在某方面有天赋 in charge of(负责) in the charge of .. have 'catch a cold 感冒 (由…负责)： make a living 谋生 at table(在吃饭)vs at the table(在桌旁)： have take a rest 休息 out of question(毫无疑问，没问题)vs out of in a way 从某种意义上说 the question(不可能)： by day(在白天)vs by the day(按天计算)。 give sb.a lift 让某人搭便车 do sb.a favor 帮某人一个忙 即时演练 keep an eye on 留心 单句语法填空 2.定冠词用于固定短语中 1.(2021·金国甲卷)It took us about3 hours to g0 all way around the Xi'an City Wall. at the moment 此刻：目前 同时 2.(2020·浙江卷)This style of farming lasted for at the same time quite a long time.Then,with rise of not in the least 一点儿也不 science.changes began. on the contrary 相反 3.In a sometimes callous(冷漠的)world where people in the end 最后：最终 can be so focused on what they're doing,a random on the whole 总的来说 act of kindness can make difference. to tell the truth 说实话 4.The data from this extreme weather station is in the distance 在远处 enabling scientists to directly keep on the other hand 另一方面 close eye on the jet stream and understand how to the point 中肯：切题 Himalayan climate is changing. make the most of 充分利用 5.In China,food deliverymen are always in a rush on by the way 顺便说一下 the road regardless of wind or rain.Though they go to the cinema theater 去看电影戏剧 make our life more convenient.this can come at in the middle of 在……中间 cost of their life. 260 语法回 三、介词 考点一常考介词 Her parents always talk to her in German. l.at,in、on表示“时间” 她的父母总是用德语和她交谈。 (1)at表示某一时刻 (3)with表示“使用（某种具体的工具、手段等）”。 We see with our eyes,hear with our ears,and at12:00(在12点)、at noon(在中午)、at night walk with our legs. (在夜里)、at midnight(在半夜)、at dawn 我们用眼睛看，用耳朵听，用腿走路 daybreak(在黎明/破晓)，at sunrise sunset(在日 5.ab0ut、0n表示“关于” 出/日落)、at dusk(在黄昏) about多用于表示内容比较普通、不太正式的 (2)in指上午、下午及晚上或月、年等较长的 情形：on多指内容属于专门性的，是严肃的或学术 时间。 性的。有时两者可通用。 in the1980s(在20世纪80年代)、in the Qing He gave a report about/on the international Dynasty(在清朝)、in October(在十月份)、in the situation at the meeting. morning/afternoon/evening(在上午/下午晚上) 他在会上做了一个关于国际形势的报告。 (3)on用于表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间 6.from、since表示时间 (如某日、某节日、星期几等)。 (1)from表示开始的时间，意为“从…开始”， on October 1st(在10月1号)，n a rainy day(在 多用于“from,to/till”结构中。 一个下雨天)，on the National Day(在国庆节)、 We work from Monday to Friday every week. on the morning of July3rd(在7月3号上午) 我们每周从周一工作到周五。 2.by、before、after、until/till、during、within表示 (2)since表示“自…以后，从…以来”。 时间 I haven't heard from him since last year. (1)by(到…时为止) 自从去年，我就没有收到过他的来信。 (2)before(在…以前) 7.with的常见用法 (3)after(在…后) 和…一起（表示关系）：具有，带有（表示状 (4)until/,till(直到…为止) 态)：用…，凭借…（表示方式）：由于，因为（表 (⑤)during(在…期间) 示原因)。 (6)within(在…之内) Would you like to go to the theatre with us? He often falls asleep during the class,which 你愿意和我们一起去看戏吗？ makes his teacher very angry. The small child trembled with fear. 他常常上课睡觉，这使他的老师很生气。 那个小孩吓得打哆嗦。 3.between、among表示“在…之间” 8.for的用法 between表示“在…之间（两者之间）”，常和 表示“为了：给，对（表示对象、用途等）：因为， and连用：among表示“在…之间（三者或三者以 由于：向，往（表示去向）：就…而言”。 上)” The biggest concern for most of us is the quality of This is just between you and me. public education. 这事只限我们两人知道 我们大多数人最关心的是公共教育的质量问题。 4.by,on,in、with表示“使用…工具、手段、，方式 9.without的用法 等” 表示“没有，缺乏；不和…在一起：不用，不 (1)byon表示“乘、坐（交通工具）通过…方式”。 拿，不带”。 by bike(骑自行车)、by taxi(坐出租车)、by plane It is a pity that David is away on business. (乘飞机)、by ship(乘船)，go to school on one's Anyhow,you've got a great deal of time to tour bike(骑自行车上学)，on foot(步行) in New York without him. (2)in当“用”讲时，后常接表示语言、材料等 很遗憾，戴维出差了。不管怎样，你有大量时间 的词。 在没有他的情况下游览纽约。 261® 国高考一轮总复习·英语·WY l0,against的用法 2.by+名词 倚靠着…（表示方位）：反对（表示态度）： by accident 偶然地 以…为背景（表示对比）。 by chance 偶然地 An agreement seems to be impossible because the by force 用暴力 majority of the committee members are against it. by hand 手工地 看来意见达成一致是不可能了，因为大多数委员 by mistake 错误地 会成员都表示反对。 by the month 按月算 11.beyond的用法 3.beyond+名词 在…另一边，在…更远处（表示位置）：超 beyond comparison 无与伦比 出，非…所能及（表示程度） beyond control 失控 Everybody was touched beyond words after they beyond description 难以描述 heard her moving story. bevond doubt 毋庸置疑 听了她感人的故事，大家都被感动得无以言表。 beyond expression 难以表达 [即时演练 beyond(one's)reach 够不到 单句语法填空 4.in十名词 l.(2022·全国乙卷)May21 st this year marks the in bed 在床上：卧床 first International Tea Day,which was named in danger 处于危险中 officially the United Nations on in debt 负债 November 27th,2019. in difficulty 处于困难中 2.(2o21·全国甲卷)1 t was built originally to in high spirits 情绪高昂 protect the city the Tang dynasty and in need 处于困难中 has now been completely restored(修复). in order 整齐：井然有序 3.(2021·断江w)The study found that between in surprise 吃惊地 1985 and 2017,average rural BMI increased in trouble 在困难中 2.I in women and men. in use 使用中 4.(2020·浙江卷)This aging of the population is 5.0n十名词 driven two factors. on a trip 在旅行 5.(2023·湖南师大附中模拟)The bridges over on business 出差 rivers are certainly essential for the local people,for on display/show 在展出 they allow people living in these remote areas to on duty 在值班 travel to different areas. the bridges, on holiday/vacation 在度假 access to essential services,medical treatment and on sale 在出售 school education would be extremely difficult. on strike 在罢工 考点二介词短语 on the way 在途中 1.at+名词 6.out of-+名词 at a loss 不知所措 out of balance 失去平衡 at dinner 在吃晚餐 out of control 失去控制 at peace 处于和平状态 out of danger 脱离危险 at dawn 在黎明 out of date 过期 at war 在战争中 out of order 出故障 at work 在工作 out of work 失业 262 语法回 7.under+名词 5.(2023·哈尔滨九中考前模拟)ws great under consideration 在考虑中 importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. under construction 在建造中 考点三动词短语中的介词 under control 在控制之下 under discussion 在讨论中 1.常考的含介词的动词固定结构和搭配 在压力下 (1)用于“动词十sb./sth.+of+sth.”结构的常 under pressure under repair 在修理中 见动词：accuse(控告)、cheat(欺骗)、cure(治 under treatment 在治疗中 愈)、inform(通知)，remind(使想起)、rob(抢劫)、 8.其他高频介词短语 warn(警告)、rid(使摆脱)、suspect(怀疑)， against time 争分夺秒 persuade(说服)，convince(使信服)。 at the sight of 一看到… You need to convince them of your enthusiasm at the age of 在…岁时 for the job. in the face of 面对：面临 你要使他们相信你对这份工作的热情 in addition(to) 另外：除了 (2)用于“动词十sb./sth.十for+sth.”结构的常 in case of 万一 见动词：blame(责备)、criticize(批评)、forgive in charge of 负责：主管 (原谅)，excuse(原谅)、pardon(原谅)，punish(惩 in favour of 赞成：支持 罚)、scold(责备)、thank(感谢)、praise(赞扬)、 in need of 需要 respect(尊重)，admire(钦佩：赞赏)。 in no time 立刻 in a hurry 匆忙 The school is widely admired for its excellent in preparation for 为…做准备 teaching in return for 作为回报 这所学校因其出色的教学而广受赞誉。 of help/use 有帮助的有用的 (3)用于“动词+sb.fsth.十from十(doing)sth.” of importance 重要的 结构的常见动词：prevent(阻止)、stop(阻止)、 on behalf of 代表 keep(阻止)、protect(保护)、preserve(保护：保 [即时演练钉 存)、defend(保卫)、ban(禁止)、prohibit(阻止：禁 单句语法填空 止)、shelter(保护)。 1.(2022·新高考I卷)Giant pandas also serve You need warm clothes to protect yourself from an umbrella species(物种)，bringing protection to a the cold. host of plants and animals in the southwestern and 你需要穿暖些，以免着凉。 northwestern parts of China. 2.常考的含介词的动词短语 2.(2022·全国甲卷)He1ew4,700 kilometers account for 占…（比例）：解释…（原 Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept.20.planning to hike back to 因) Xi'an in five months. act as 充当：起作用 3.(2o20·全国Ⅲ卷)The artist was finally humbled break away from 脱离：逃离 (i谦单)by the greatest artist earth,Mother break down Nature. 打破，消除 4.(2023·安徽安庆一中三模)They noted that as break up 粉碎：破碎：解散 China builds itself into a strong sporting nation bring about 引起：导致：造成 and health awareness is the increase, bring down 降低：减少：使（飞机）着陆 more and more people start to take part in sports bring up 提出（讨论）：抚养，养育 and activities like ultimate Frisbee during their call for (去)接：需要：（公开）要求 spare time. carry out 履行：实施：执行 263