2024年中考人教版英语总复习 考点讲练 动词的语态 课件

　动词的语态 1.英语中的两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 (1)主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。如： Many people speak English. 很多人说英语。 (2)被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动词的对象。如： Chinese is spoken by many people. 汉语被很多人讲。(Chinese是动词speak的承受者) 知识梳理 (3)主动语态变被动语态的方法：宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词变被动。如： 2.常考被动语态的结构 【注意】不能使用被动结构的情况： (1)连系动词，如look，feel，smell等，用主动形式表示被动含义。 例如： The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。 (2)有些词组的主动形式表示被动含义，如need doing(需要做某事)， be worth doing(值得做某事)等。例如： Your bedroom is in a mess.It needs cleaning right now. 你的卧室太乱了， 需要马上清理一下。 (3)表示“发生”的happen或take place，无被动结构。例如： The story happened on a cold night.(√) The story was happened on a cold night.(×) 故事发生在一个寒冷的夜晚。 3.常考的三种特殊情况 (1)使役动词和感官动词后接不带to的不定式作补语，变被动语态时要将to还原。常见的这类动词有：一感二听三让四看(feel，hear/listen，make/ have/let，look at/see/watch/notice)。例如： The boss made them work the whole night.→They were made to work the whole night by the boss.老板让他们工作了一整夜。 (2)带双宾语的动词变被动语态有两种方法，常见的这类动词有：give，buy，sell，take，bring，make，hand，pass，show，send等。变形如下： 例如：They often show me their art work.他们经常给我看他们的艺术 作品。 I am often shown their art work./Their art work is often shown to me.(被动 语态) (3)动词短语变被动语态时，不要丢掉后面的介词或副词。例如: The children must be taken good care of.必须好好照顾孩子们。 【动词的时态和语态易错点】 1.不能正确判断动词的各种时态及语态 ①Wang Hong ___________(clean) the desk five minutes ago. ②Be sure to let Tom know the news as soon as he ___________(arrive). ③Mr. Smith said he _______________(attend) the meeting if he had time. ④She _______________(study) English in the school since she left her hometown. ⑤My aunt _______________________(communicate) with a foreigner when I saw her in the street. cleaned arrives would attend has studied was communicating ⑥Smart phones ______________________(not allow) in the classroom. ⑦Our plan to offer help to them ___________________(discuss) tomorrow. ⑧The meeting _______________(hold) yesterday afternoon through the Internet. are not allowed will be discussed was held 2.在主从复合句中，主句是一般将来时，条件状语从句或时间状语从 句中容易用错时态 ①He is going to be a scientist when he _______________(grow) up. ②I will give the letter to her as soon