Unit10 Lesson 1：Focus On Language 语法·提升语言能力（word教参）-【新课程学案】新教材2023-2024学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2019）

Lesson 1: Focus On Language—语法·提升语言能力 课时目标 1.掌握一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态的构成及用法，并在实际语境中学会运用。 2.掌握相似时态的区别及用法，并能够学以致用。 语法项目—— Passive Forms in the Past 初识语法——在美文运用中体悟　 Walking home a few days ago, I saw that reconstruction work ①was being done on the old market.The old gate ②had been torn down.Rubbish ③was being cleared away from the floor.It ④was reported that when all this ⑤was finished, it would be turned into a modern shopping mall.The news divided the people of the town: some were in favour of the new shopping mall and some were against it. ①③是过去进行时的被动语态，表示被动动作过去正在进行； ②是过去完成时的被动语态，表示被动动作在过去某一时间之前已经完成； ④⑤是一般过去时的被动语态，表示在过去某一时间内某个动作被做。 慧学语法——运用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观　 语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be动词的变化表现出来的。过去时的被动语态主要包括一般过去时的被动语态、过去进行时的被动语态和过去完成时的被动语态等。 [自主感知] ①(教材典句)The concept was first talked about as long ago as in the 1920s. ②(教材典句)In the 1950s, an attempt was made by two scientists to prove the theory mathematically. ③(教材典句)Once the parcel had been received by this person, he/she would send the parcel onto a contact of theirs ... ④(教材典句)Its name was used as the title of a play and then a film. ⑤(教材典句)Soon the game was being played in universities across the United States. [我的发现] 以上句子中谓语动词均为被动语态，其中句①②④为一般过去时的被动语态；句③为过去完成时的被动语态；句⑤为过去进行时的被动语态。 [规则点拨] 一、一般过去时的被动语态 1．构成： was/were＋过去分词 2．用法：表示在过去某一时间内某个动作被做 This city was liberated in 1948. 这个城市是在1948年解放的。 Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。 He was elected president of the Students' Union. 他被选为学生会主席。 A note was passed up to the speaker. 有人给演讲者递上来一张纸条。 [对点练]　(单句语法填空) ①(2021·全国甲卷)It was_built (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复)． ②(2023·全国乙卷)Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I was_amazed (amaze) by the co­existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. ③(2023·浙江1月