Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage（word教参）-【新课程学案】新教材2023-2024学年高中英语必修第二册（译林版2020）

Section Ⅲ　　Grammar and usage 　　　(语法项目——现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态) 初识语法——在美文运用中体悟　 　　 The Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival was created in 2018.It is the first time that a national festival has been set up specially for farmers.① The festival is being celebrated annually to show the whole society's attention to Chinese farmers, who work hard to strengthen the country's development.② The festival also shows respect for traditional 24 solar terms which have been followed by Chinese people since about 2,200 years ago.③ The festival is very important to China and more attention has been paid to agriculture and farmers throughout history.④ 句①：句型“It is the first time that ...”中谓语动词应用现在完成时，又因主语festival与谓语set up之间为被动关系，故使用现在完成时的被动语态。 句②：根据时间状语“annually”可知，应使用现在进行时的被动语态，既强调动作在现阶段正在发生，又表示被动关系。 句③：根据时间状语“since about 2,200 years ago”可知，应使用现在完成时的被动语态，既表示被动关系，又表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。 句④：根据时间状语“throughout history”可知，应使用现在完成时的被动语态，既表示被动关系，又表示时间上的延续性。 慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通　 一、现在进行时的被动语态　 现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，强调主语是动作的承受者。 [先感知] ①Weight training classes, for example, are being designed. ②Our school's swimming pool is being repaired. ③The plan is not being discussed at the meeting now. ④Is the house you bought last month being decorated now? ⑤What is being done to the machine? [会发现] (1)以上例句中都用了现在进行时的被动语态，其谓语构成是：be＋being＋done。 (2)以上例句中，第①②句是现在进行时的被动语态的肯定句式；第③句是否定句式；第④句是一般疑问句式；第⑤句是特殊疑问句式。 [明规则] (一)结构 1．肯定式：主语＋be (am/is/are)＋being done ... Some trees are being cut down in the park. 公园里的一些树木正在被砍伐。 2．否定式：主语＋be (am/is/are)＋not being done ... It is reported that the water in the lake is not being protected now. 据报道，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。 3．一般疑问式：Be (Am/Is/Are) (not)＋主语＋being done ...? Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse? 这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？ 4．特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋be (am/is/are) (not)＋主语＋being done ...? Who is being trained for the coming English speech contest? 谁正在为即将到来的英语演讲比赛接受训练？ (二)用法 1．表示说话时正在进行的被动动作或状态。句中常用now, right now, at this moment, at present等时间状语。 My younger sister is now being interviewed. 我妹妹现在正在接