Unit1 Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures（word教参）-【新课程学案】新教材2023-2024学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Discovering Useful Structures 　　　(语法项目——动词­ing形式作定语和表语) 初识语法——在美文运用中体悟　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 My mother is a charming① woman, and her job is selling fruit② in a local supermarket every day.There are all kinds of fruits, ranging from③ common apples and pears to imported fruit.She often brings us some fruit selling well④ to let us taste it.Though some people hold the belief that my mother's job is boring⑤ and tiring⑥， she thinks her job is quite interesting⑦ and fulfilling⑧. 文中加黑词都是动词­ing形式，其中①③④在句中作定语，②⑤⑥⑦⑧在句中作表语。 慧学语法——运用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观　 一、动词­ing形式作定语 动词­ing形式包括动名词和现在分词，这两种情况用作定语时，其功能和含义有所不同。 [先感知] ①After the class was dismissed, I hurried to the meeting room. ②You should adapt to the changing situation. ③I'm glad to receive your letter asking me about my high school life. ④This is an amazing achievement. ⑤The house being built here belongs to John. [会发现] (1)meeting是动名词作定语，说明所修饰名词room的用途。 (2)changing是现在分词作定语，表示“正在变化的”。 (3)asking me about my high school life是现在分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句which_asks_me_about_my_high_school_life。 (4)amazing是现在分词作定语，表示“令人吃惊的”。 (5)being built是动词­ing形式的被动式。 [明规则] 1．动词­ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。现在分词作定语时，和被修饰词之间为逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词正在进行的动作；动名词作定语时表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，相当于for引导的介词短语。 2．单个现在分词作定语，常放在被修饰词之前作前置定语；现在分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。 3．有些动词­ing形式已转化成形容词，表示“令人……的”。 4．如果分词与被修饰词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示正在进行的动作，应用动词­ing形式的被动式：being done。　　 [对点练] (1)用所给词的适当形式填空 ①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. ②(2023·浙江1月高考)Most long­distance trains, especially the sleeping (sleep) car accommodations, sell out very quickly. ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)It is also being used to help patients suffering (suffer) dementia, a serious illness of the mind. ④(2022·全国甲卷)Without the oceans, no living (live) things would survive, humans included. ⑤Spring Festival couplets use some positive words showing (show) wishes for love, health, success and so on. (2)一句多译 正在演奏民间音乐