Unit 7 International charities-【追梦之旅·初中英语铺路卷】2023-2024学年八年级下册英语（译林版 河南专版）

Unit 7　 International charities Part 1 􀳆 单词 􀳆 名词:education 教育　 right 权利　 spread 扩散;分布;展开 interviewer 采访者　 blindness 失明　 case 病例;案例 treatment 治疗　 patient 病人　 reader 读者 medicine 医学;药　 leaflet 传单;散页印刷品 动词:cure 治愈　 afford 买得起;能做　 operate 做手术 develop 发展;加强　 treat 治疗;处理 hold 举行　 set 创建,建立 形容词:basic 基础的,基本的　 equal 平等的 medical 医学的,医疗的　 proud 自豪的,骄傲的 副词:especially 特别,尤其　 mostly 主要地,大部分地 介词:including 包括,包含 􀳆 短语 􀳆 go to hospital 去看病　 on board 在飞机(船、火车)上 carry on 继续开展,继续下去　 hand out 分发;提出 set up 建起,设立 􀳆 语法 􀳆 被动语态的用法: (1)当主语是谓语的执行者时,用主动语态。 当主语是谓语的承 受者时,用被动语态。 例:We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天都打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned(by us)every day. 教室每天都被(我们)打扫。 (2)被动语态的基本构成: 一般现在时:主语+be 动词+过去分词. 一般过去时:主语+be 动词的过去式+过去分词. (3)被动语态的基本用法: ①动作的执行者是泛指或不言自明时。 例:None of the books was taken away. 没有一本书被拿走。 ②在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。 例:The toy is designed for children. 这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。 ③需要强调动作的承受者时。 例:My bike was repaired. 我的自行车修好了。 ④出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。 例:This problem was talked about just now. 这个问题刚才被讨论过。 (4)在被动语态的句子中,如果我们需要指出动作的执行者,可以由 by 引出。 例:Mr Wu is liked by all of his students. 所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。 (5)注意: ①有些动词常用被动语态,像 born,made 等。 例:He was born in Nanjing. 他生于南京。 ②有些动词,其主动语态形式含有被动意义。 如:smell,taste, sound 等。 例:The dish smells good. 这道菜闻起来很香。 ③一些不及物动词(如:read,sell,write 等) 和副词(如:well, easily 等)连用时,含有被动意义。 例:The books sell well. 这些书很畅销。 ④在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态句式中,动词不定式的 to 常省去,但是在被动语态中要加上 to。 例:The teacher made him retell the story. 老师让他复述一遍这个故事。 He was made to retell the story by the teacher. 老师让他复述一遍这个故事。 一、根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。 (5 小题,每小题 1 分,共 5 分) 1. You are old enough to learn some b　 　 　 　 life skills. 2. It’s important for China to d　 　 　 　 the education. 3. Many people don’ t have money for m　 　 　 　 treatment. 4. You have no r　 　 　 　 to take risks with other people’s lives. 5. He s　 　 　 　 up the company in 2015. 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成句子。 (5 小题,每小题 1 分,共 5 分) 1. UNICEF helps build a better world for everyone,　 　 　 　 　 (特别,尤其) children all over the world. 2. Please tell us something about 　 　 　 　 　 (失明) . 3. Many of our patients can’ t 　 　 　 　 　 (买得起;能做) to go to hospital. 4. Most eye problems can be 　 　 　 　 　 (治疗) . 5. I’m 　 　 　 　 　 (骄傲的) to help people see again and im- prove their lives. 三、(永城·月考改编)阅读理解。 (5 小题,每小题 2 分,共 10 分) Most animal lovers like walking dogs or feeding animals. Now volunteers can do something different for our animal friends. In Sydney,Australia,a group of children go to the shelter (收容所) RSPCA and read books to animals there. One of the books is Clifford the Big Red Dog,it tells a story of a red dog Clifford. Clifford gets lots of love after a young girl takes him home. RSPCA often holds the activity of reading books to ani- mals. It can improve young volunteers’ reading skills in a fun way. Many young readers feel embarrassed about making mis- takes while reading. Reading to animal friends makes them re- laxed. The activity also helps shelter animals. Many of the ani- mals feel stressed(有压力的) in the shelter. Having a child reading to them helps them feel more comfortable. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 (　 　 )1. The activity of reading books to animals is in 　 　 　 　 . A. China　 　 B. Australia　 C. America　 D. Canada ( 　 　 )2. Clifford is a 　 　 　 　 . A. big shelter B. young girl C. red dog D. long story ( 　 　 )3. What does the underlined word “embarrassed” mean in Chinese? A. 尴尬的 B. 生气的 C. 惊讶的 D. 残酷的 ( 　 　 )4. The activity makes animals feel 　 　 　 　 . A. lonely B. stressed C. nervous D. comfortable ( 　 　 )5. What’s the best title for the passage? A. An interesting book B. A special volunteer activity C. An animal shelter D. A smart animal friend 四、(河南·中考模拟)阅读理解。 (5 小题,每小题 2 分,共 10 分) Long long ago,a very thick tree lived in a lovely vegetable field. Both the vegetables and the tree gave the place a won- derful appearance,which was the joy of the garden’s owner. However,no one knew that the vegetables in the field and the tree couldn’ t stand each other. The vegetables hated the tree’ s shadow,because it left them only just enough light to survive(存活) . The tree,on the other hand,hated the vegeta- bles because they drank nearly all the water before it could get to him,leaving him with just enough to survive. As time went on,the vegetables got totally fed up and de- cided to use up all the water in the ground so that the tree would dry up. The tree answered back by refusing to give the vegetables shadow from the hot midday sun,so they both be- gan to dry up. Before long,the vegetables were really thin and the tree’s branches were drying up. Neither of them thought that the gardener,on seeing his vegetable field becoming worse,would stop watering it. When he did that, both the tree and the vegetables really learned what thirst was. There seemed to be no solution,but one of the vegetables,a small courgette(小胡瓜),understood what was going on,and decided to deal with it. With the little water and the unbearable heat, the little courgette did all he could to grow,grow 􀆺He managed to grow so big that the gardener started watering the field again. The gardener wanted to enter that beautiful big courgette in some gardening contest. They should really learn how to live in harmony(和谐) with those around them,doing the best they could. So they de- cided to work together,and help each other instead of fight- ing,using both the shadow and the water in the best combina- tion to grow good vegetables. Seeing how well they were do- ing,the gardener now gave the best care to his vegetable field, watering it better than any other field for miles around. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 (　 　 )1. The vegetables and the tree fought for 　 　 　 　 . A. living space B. the gardener’s attention C. attending the contest D. their own good ( 　 　 )2. Which sentence is NOT right according to the article? A. The gardener liked his garden a lot. B. The tree and vegetables still get along well with each other. C. The tree and vegetables grew very well at first. D. The gardener was satisfied with his work on the garden. (　 　 ) 3. The underlined word “ stand” in the second para- graph means “　 　 　 　 ” . A. 立场　 　 　 B. 站立　 　 　 C. 忍受　 　 　 D. 停滞 (　 　 )4. What was out of the expectation(出乎意料) of the tree and vegetables? A. That the gardener stopped watering them. B. That the courgette understood what was happening. C. That they could live together. D. That they could take part in the contest. (　 　 )5. What is the main idea of the article? A. People should work together and help each other. B. People should learn to be thankful. C. People should respect others. D. People should learn to stop being angry with others. ·33· Part 2 􀳆 单词 􀳆 名词:war 战争　 matter 事情,问题　 check 检查 secretary 秘书　 India 印度　 officer 官员 动词:organize( =organise)组织 形容词:pale 苍白的 􀳆 短语 􀳆 make up one’s mind 决定 􀳆 语法 􀳆 (1)一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态: 一般现在时的被动语态: ①肯定句:主语+am / is / are+及物动词的过去分词(+by sb. )+其 他. ②否定句:主语 +am / is / are+not+及物动词的过去分词( +by sb. )+其他. ③一般疑问句:Am / Is / Are+主语+及物动词的过去分词( +by sb. )+其他? 例:The book is read by many people. (肯定句) 这本书被许多人读。 The book is not read by many people. (否定句) 这本书没被许多人读。 Is the book read by many people? (一般疑问句) 这本书被许多人读吗? (2)一般过去时的被动语态: ①肯定句:主语+was / were+及物动词的过去分词(+by sb. )+其 他. ②否定句:主语+was / were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+by sb. )+其 他. ③一般疑问句:Was / Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by sb. )+ 其他? 例:The book was read by many people. (肯定句) 这本书被许多人读过。 The book was not read by many people. (否定句) 这本书没有被许多人读过。 Was the book read by many people? (一般疑问句) 这本书被许多人读过吗? 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 (5 小题,每小题 1 分,共 5 分) 1. This kind of computer 　 　 　 　 　 (sell) well in the shop. 2. Was the problem 　 　 　 　 　 (discuss) yesterday? 3. Many trees 　 　 　 　 　 (plant) every year. 4. Every day an old man can be seen 　 　 　 　 　 (clean) the street in the early morning. 5. The Great Wall 　 　 　 　 　 (know) all over the world. 二、根据汉语提示,完成下列句子。 (15 空,每空 1 分,共 15 分) 1. 这药必须饭后吃,每天三次。 This medicine must 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 after meals three times a day. 2. 中国是联合国的一部分。 它成立于 1949 年。 China is 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 the United Nations. It 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 in 1949. 3. 王医生每天都给病人做手术。 Doctor Wang operates 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 every day. 4. 报道说壹基金在灾区分发了很多药品。 The report said One Foundation 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 many medicines in the disaster area. 5. 你已经下定决心当一名医生了吗? Have you 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 to be a doctor? 三、(扶沟·期末)补全对话。 (5 小题,每小题 2 分,共 10 分) 根据下面的对话情景,在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子, 使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A:You look pale. 1. ? B:Well,I’m feeling terrible! I have a headache and a cough. A: 2. . Have you seen the doctor? B:Yes,I have. The doctor gave me some medicine. A:3. ? B:I have been like this since this morning. A:Maybe you have a cold. You’d better have a rest. 4. ? B:I don’ t want to stay at home because I’m afraid I’ ll miss today’s lessons. A: 5. . Take care of yourself. I can help you with the lesson. B:Thank you. 四、(河南·中考模拟)语篇填空。 (10 小题,每小题 1 分,共 10 分) 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使 短文通顺、意思完整。 每空限填一词,每词限用一次。 　 　 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀦂 􀦂 􀦂􀦂 educate　 like　 but　 change　 good proud　 provide　 set　 job　 they A few years ago,Scott Neeson had a $ 3. 5 million house in Beverly Hills,a $ 1 million salary,a Porsche,a yacht(游艇) and many film stars on his friend list. 1. 　 　 　 　 for Scott Neeson,his rich life changed in 2003 when he visited Cambodia and saw the poor children. A year later,Scott gave up his 2. 　 　 　 　 ,sold his house, his car and his yacht and moved to Phnom Penh,and there he 3. 　 　 　 　 up the Cambodian Children’ s Fund(CCF) chari- ty. Scott cares for 2,000 Cambodian children,providing them with 4. 　 　 　 　 ,health care and a future. He felt 5. 　 　 　 　 of his achievements. He said, “ It’s been a long time since I sold up and left Hollywood. Now, my days are longer, my friends smaller,my mind clearer,my clothes without designers and I smell bad by the end of the day. But if I had to do it all over again, I wouldn’ t 6. 　 　 　 　 my mind. ” He added, “ I had a Porsche and I flew in private planes with movie stars. It was a great experience but it’s 7. 　 　 　 　 Disneyland. I want a real life. ” The charity 8. 　 　 　 　 a daily meal,health care and edu- cation for 2,000 kids. It also offers 10 kilos of rice and free health care to 9. 　 　 　 　 parents. He says his experience has been one of blood and tears,but it works 10. 　 　 　 　 —the CCF has now 22 girls who have graduated from university and have full-time jobs. 五、(郸城·月考改编)书面表达。 (20 分) 向你的家人或朋友介绍你的新朋友 Amy。 内容要点如下: 1. Amy 出生在印度的一个贫困家庭,家中有很多孩子; 2. 过去整天在田里劳动……; 3. 一天,一个 UNICEF 的官员来到了这个村庄……; 4. 三周后,Amy 入学了,她喜欢上学。 她很感谢 UNICEF 帮助了 她; 5. 她梦想成为一位教师。 要求:1. 作文应包含所给要点,省略处可适当发挥; 2. 词数:100 左右。 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 ·43· worse. Some students are always shouting back angrily to their parents. Gradually, the relations between them have become difficult. How can we behave well? First, I think we should be polite and kind to others. Be ready to help others in need. Second, try to be honest and keep promises. The most important thing is to follow the rules at school or in public. Let’s pull together and take action from now on. I believe we’ ll be better students as long as we behave ourselves. That’s all. Thanks for listening! Unit 7　 International charities Part 1 一、1. basic　 2. develop　 3. medical　 4. right　 5. set 二、1. especially　 2. blindness　 3. afford　 4. treated　 5. proud 三、1. B　 2. C 3. A 　 【解析】 根 据 “Many young readers feel embarrassed about making mistakes while reading. ”及常识可知,人在犯 错时应会觉得尴尬,所以“embarrassed”表示“尴尬的”。 4. D 5. B　 【解析】本文主要讲述了 RSPCA 经常举办给动物读书的 活动,这是一项特殊的志愿者活动,故选 B。 四、1. D　 2. B 3. C　 【解析】根据画线词后的描述可推知,此处是说,蔬菜和 树无法忍受对方。 故选 C。 　 4. A 5. A　 【解析】通读全文可知,本文通过一则故事告诉我们要团 结一致,互帮互助。 故选 A。 Part 2 一、1. sells　 2. discussed　 3. are planted　 4. to clean 5. is known 二、1. be taken　 2. part of;was set up　 3. on patients 4. handed out　 5. made up your mind 三、1. What’s wrong 2. I’m sorry to hear that 3. How long have you been like this 4. Why don’ t you stay at home today 5. Don’ t worry (答案不唯一,合理即可) 四、1. But　 2. job　 3. set　 4. education　 5. proud　 6. change 7. like　 8. provides　 9. their　 10. well 写作专练 五、范文: Amy is a girl from India. She used to work on the farm all day. Her family had many children and was very poor,so Amy did not go to school and she could not read or write. One day,a UNICEF officer came to Amy’s village and learnt about the conditions of local people. He said it was important for children to receive education. He wanted all the children in the village to learn to read. Three weeks later,Amy entered a local school. Now,she goes to school every day. She can read and write. She enjoys school and is grateful to UNICEF for helping her. Amy says that she hopes to become a teacher in the future. Unit 7　 追梦综合演练卷 听力材料 一、第一节 1. W:Do you know about any international charities? M:Yes. I know about a charity called UNICEF. 2. M:How many operations do you do during a visit? W:During my last visit,150 patients were operated on. 3. W:I’m reading a book about CDPF. M:Really? Please tell me about it. 4. W:You look pale. What’s the matter? M:I don’ t feel well. I’ve got a toothache. 5. M:Does Kitty feel tired every day? W:Of course. But she enjoys her work. She is glad to help people see again. 第二节 听下面一段对话,回答第 6 至第 7 两个小题。 M:Which international charity do you like best? W:World Wide Fund for Nature. M:What does it help? W:It helps to protect the environment. That’ s why I like it best. And it is also the biggest environmental protecting organization in the world. M:When was it set up? W:In 1961. 听下面一段对话,回答第 8 至第 9 两个小题。 W:Hello. What’s the matter? M:I’m not feeling well. I have a headache. W:When did it start? M:Yesterday. W:Do you have a sore throat? M:Yes. W:You have got a cold. You should lie down and have a rest. M:Yes. I think so. W:Take the pills twice a day and drink more water. M:Thank you,doctor. 听下面一段独白,回答第 10 至第 12 三个小题。 Oxfam is an international organization. The group works in poor areas. It was set up in 1942 in the UK. People in it tried their best to provide food and medicine for the people in Greece. After World War Ⅱ,Oxfam decided to continue to help poor people in all parts of the world. More than seventy countries have been helped by Oxfam. Over the past seventy years,Oxfam has carried out many projects. It helps people build schools. It pays for building hospitals in developing countries. And it trains local people to learn more knowledge and how to eat healthily. 听下面一段对话,回答第 13 至第 15 三个小题。 W:Mr Li,can you tell me something about blindness? M:Yes. About 285 million people around the world are blind or have other eye problems,mostly in poor areas. W:Why not choose to work in a hospital but in ORBIS? M:Many of our patients can’ t afford to go to hospital. W:How do you help blind people? M: We visit poor areas. On the plane, volunteers do operations. W:How many operations do you do during a visit? M:About 120. W:Wow,you’re doing a really important job. So what do you want to say to people? M:More money is needed to carry on with our work. I hope people will support us. 第三节 Diana was once a secretary of a big company. She lived in a comfortable flat and drove to work. One day,she saw a TV news about an international charity. She wanted to help poor people who are in bad health,so she made up her mind to train as a nurse and attended courses after work. Now she is working as a nurse. She travels over 300 days a year. She is getting used to travelling by plane. 答案 一、1. A　 2. B　 3. C　 4. A　 5. A　 6. B　 7. A　 8. C 9. B　 10. B　 11. C　 12. A　 13. B　 14. A　 15. C 16. B　 17. C　 18. D　 19. A　 20. E 二、A. 21. D　 【解析】根据第一个表格中“ORBIS is a charity. It helps the people who can’ t see. ”可知,这是一个帮助 失明的人的慈善机构。 故选 D。 22. B　 23. A　 24. C　 25. D　 B. 26. C　 【解析】根据“ It has built an eye hospital inside a plane and flown it all over the world with an international medical team. ”可知,Orbis 眼科医院是可 移动的。 27. A　 28. C　 29. B　 30. D C. 31. A　 32. A　 33. D　 34. B　 追梦之旅铺路卷·八年级下·YL·英语　 第 11 页