Unit 3 课时跟踪检测(3) 阅读写作融会练（word练习）-【新课程学案】新教材2023-2024学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

UNIT 3 课时跟踪检测（三） 阅读写作融会练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 It's becoming more and more common to get energy from the sun and the wind.That's because these clean energy sources generate electricity without polluting the environment.Just as important is that they don't release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which traps the sun's heat and contributes to the changing climate. Solar and wind power have one big disadvantage: they're not always available.The sun only shines during the day.The wind comes and goes.There are very few places where the wind is constant enough to generate electricity all the time.But ocean waves? Waves crash onto the shore morning, noon and night.That makes them ideal for generating energy around the clock.Now scientists are figuring out how much energy waves could offer. When the wind blows across the surface of the water, it creates waves.If you've ever seen white caps on the surface of the lake on a windy day, you've seen this in action.The wind causes the surface of the water to bob up and down.It doesn't actually go very far.Rather, it moves in circles-up, up, up to the top of the wave, and then down, down, down to the other side. That's true, at least, when the water is very deep.Those gently bobbing waves are called swells (涌浪), but waves change when they get close to the shore. To figure out the best sites, scientists have turned to computer models called SWAN.Joao Morim Nascimento and Nick Cartwright are environmental engineers in Australia.They wanted to find good places for wave-energy converters (转换器) along their country's southeast coast.SWAN predicted the strength and location of ocean-wave energy.The model helped the team find the places with an abundance of wave energy. “There is more than enough natural energy in the ocean，” Cartwright said.“The challenge is to harness and change enough of it into power that people can use.” Part of that challenge is the ocean itself.Waves constantly pound against the equipment.The hardware can also experience some