2024年中考英语二轮复习语法突破课件---动词的语态

动词的语态 考点精讲　被动语态 　　1. 被动语态的用法 　　（1） 需要强调或突出动作的承受者。如： The cup was broken by David. 这个杯子是被戴维打碎的。 　　（2） 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者。如： The watch is made of gold. 这块手表是用金子做的。 　　（3） 动作的执行者是物而不是人。如： Many houses were washed away by the flood. 许多房屋被洪水冲走了。 　　（4） 某些结构中要用被动语态。 　　在It is said that、 It is believed that、 It is hoped that、 It is suggested that等结构中用被动语态。如： It is believed that the house was built in 1735. 人们认为这个房子建于1735年。 　　2. 使役动词（如make、 let、 have等）及感官动词（如hear、 feel、 watch、 see等）在主动语态中接不带to的动词不定式（短语）作宾语补足语，在被动语态中要接带to 的动词不定式（短语）。如： The teacher makes the students finish their homework before Saturday. → The students are made to finish their homework before Saturday by the teacher. 这个老师让学生们在周六之前完成他们的家庭作业。 　　3. 含有双宾语的句子从主动语态变为被动语态时，如果直接宾语作句子的主语，那么间接宾语前需要加介词to或for。如： Linda brought me an umbrella this morning. → An umbrella was brought to me by Linda this morning. 琳达今天早上给我带了一把伞。 　　4. 有些动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义。 　　（1） taste、 look、 feel、 smell、 sound等系动词。如： The dish tastes nice. 这道菜尝起来不错。 　　（2） sell、 write、 open、 read等用作不及物动词且主语为物，表示物品的品质时。如： This dictionary sells well. 这本字典很畅销。 　　（3） 某些表示“发生/爆发”的不及物动词或短语。如： The fire happened at nine last night. 昨天晚上九点发生了火灾。 　　5. 动词短语由主动语态变为被动语态时，动词短语后面的介词或副词不能省略。如： A man who is much talked about is always very attractive. 被人谈论多的人总是很有吸引力。 Many interesting experiments were carried out in our laboratory. 我们实验室做了许多有趣的实验。 The baby was looked after by her elder sister before.之前这名婴儿由她姐姐照顾。 考点精练 ⁠ ⁠ （　C　）1. （2023·河北）Breakfast  　　　　⁠every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village. A. provides B. provided C. is provided D. was provided （　D　）2. （2023·天津）Some photos of the moon  　　　　⁠in the space club next week. A. shows B. is showing C. were shown D. will be shown C D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 （　D　）3. （2023·安徽）Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they  　　　　⁠into schools. A. introduce B. introduced C. are introduced D. were introduced （　D　）4. （2023·连云港）To make the environment much better， more trees  　　　　⁠next year. A. pla