现在完成时延续与非延续性动词的转化 2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册

非延续性动词与延续性动词 1. 延续性动词，又叫长动词。是指动作可以持续的动词，与表示一段时间的状语连用。 常见的延续性动词：keep, have, last, run, eat, drink, sing, sleep, sit, live, stay等 例句：I have kept the book for two days. He will stay here for a week. 2. 非延续性动词，又叫短暂性动词或瞬间动词。这类动作在“瞬间”完成，不能持续。可用于现在完成时，但不用于含一段时间的时间状语，如since, two days ago, for two years. 常见短暂性动词：die, buy, borrow, lead, come, go, arrive, stop, finish, leave, open, close, become, end, begin, start, see, marry, join, hear等 例句：The film started two hours ago. （ ） The film has started. （ ） The film has started for two hours. （ ） 3.非延续性动词若要与表示一段时间的状语，则要用该非延续性动词要用延续性动词或表示状态的词来替换。 (1) buy have have (has) had a. I bought the book 2 years ago. b. I have had the book for 2 years/since 2 years ago. (2) borrow keep have (has) kept a. I borrowed the book last week. b. I have kept the book since last week. (3) leave be away (from) have (has) been away (from) a. I left Xuzhou 7 years ago. b. I have been away from Xuzhou since 7 years ago/ for 7 years. (4) die be dead have (has) been dead a. The dog died a week ago. b. The dog has been dead for a week/ since a week ago. (5) join be in have (has) been in be a member of have (has) been a member of a. He joined the English Club yesterday. b. He has been in/ has been a member of the English since yesterday. (6) arrive/get to/reach/come/go be in/at have (has) been in/at a. Tom arrived in Huai’an a moment ago. b. Tom has been in Huai’an for a moment. (7) begin/start be on have (has) been on a. The film started 2 hours ago. b. The film has been on for 2 hours. (8) begin/start to do 去掉begin/start to a. People began to use computers many years ago. b. People have used computers many years ago. (9) get+adj. 变get为be+adj. have (has) been +adj. a. My parents got married 25 years ago. b. My parents have been married for 25 years. (10) open be open have (has) been open a. The new supermarket opened at 8 o’clock this morning. b. The new supermarket has been open since 8 o’clock