Unit 1 People of Achievement非限制性定语从句讲义 -2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Unit 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 本单元语法 非限制性定语从句 1.限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句对先行词具有限制作用,使该词的含义更具体、更明确,这种从句不能省掉,否则句子的意义就不完整,从句与主句之间不能用逗号隔开。 Do you remember the Qing Dynasty vase which I bought last year? 你记得我去年买的清代花瓶吗? He took little notice of the honours that were given to him for his research on antique. 他不太重视那些由于他对古董的研究而给予他的荣誉。 2.非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句跟先行词的关系并不十分密切,只是做一些附加说明,不起限制作用,这类从句往往用逗号与主句分开。 John,who sells ancient vases,is an old friend of my father’s. 卖古代花瓶的约翰是我父亲的一位老朋友。 We walked down the village street,which led to the temple. 我们沿着村子的大街走去,大街通向庙宇。 有时这类从句所修饰的不是前面某一个词,而是代表整个主句所讲的内容,通常用逗号与主句分开。 He bought his mother a painting for her birthday,which pleased her a lot. 他买了一幅画作为生日礼物送给母亲,这使她非常高兴。 They are coming back to us,which means that they have got the copper sword. 他们要回到我们这儿来了,这意味着他们得到了铜剑。 3.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 (1)形式不同 限制性定语从句与其先行词之间不用逗号隔开,非限制性定语从句与其先行词之间一般有逗号隔开。 She heard a terrible noise coming from the ancient tower,which brought her heart into her mouth. 她听到古塔里面传来一个可怕的声音,这把她的心提到了嗓子眼上。 I will never forget the days which we spent together visiting the Summer Palace. 我永远不会忘记我们一起参观颐和园的那些日子。 (2)意义不同 限制性定语从句与其先行词关系十分密切,如果去掉从句,剩余的部分意思往往不完整,甚至失去意义;非限制性定语从句只是其先行词的附加说明,如去掉,句子剩余部分意思仍然完整。 We will never forget the happy days when we rebuilt the wooden tower. 我们永远忘不了我们重修木塔的那段快乐日子。 His sister,who works in an antique shop,is coming to see him tomorrow. 他在古董店工作的姐姐明天来看他。 (3)翻译不同 翻译限制性定语从句时,一般先翻译从句,后翻译先行词;翻译非限制性定语从句时,一般先翻译先行词,后翻译从句,形成两个并列分句或其他类型的分句。 I have a son who is now studying in the USA.我有一个现在在美国学习的儿子。(可能还有儿子在别处) I have a son,who is now studying archaeology in the university.我有一个儿子,他现在在大学学习考古学。(含有“我只有一个儿子”之意) She is going to spend the holiday in Macao,where she will visit some places of interest. 她要到澳门去度假,在那里她将游览几处名胜。 定语从句 一、定语从句的种类 根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度,我们将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。 【观察例句】 This is the computer (that/which) he bought for his son yesterday. 这是他昨天为儿子买的电脑。 I will show you to the supermarket where you can find everything you want. 我带你去一家超市,在那里你能找到你想要的一切东西。 He is English, whic