06 板块1 专题1 解题技巧探究 四 词义猜测-【提分教练】2024年新高考英语二轮总复习讲义（新教材）

四　词义猜测 (一)猜测单词、短语、句子的含义 根据上下文猜测词义是阅读能力的一部分，在完整的语篇中，单词、短语和句子的含义总是受特定的语境和上下文限制，因此考生可以根据上下文，并利用所学的语言知识和逻辑知识确定它们的含义。 [解题技巧] 1．利用针对性的解释猜测词义。 2．利用上下文线索猜测词义。 3．利用逻辑关系猜测词义。 4．利用同义、近义或反义猜测词义。 5．利用构词法猜测词义。 　(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读C)Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter． This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days． At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value． 29．What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Clear-up．　　　　　 B．Add-on． C．Check-in． D．Take-over． [解题指导]　利用针对性的解释猜测词义。根据画线词下文“This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days．”可知。the digital declutter要求人们远离一些线上活动，即对自己的线上活动进行数字清理，故选A。 　(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读C)In this “book of books，” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures． We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations． Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses —absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure． These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to． 30．What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Understand． B．Paint． C．Seize． D．Transform． [解题指导]　利用逻辑关系猜测词义。根据本段“We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school ．．． Adults are portrayed ．．． deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure．”可知，在书中选取的艺术作品中描绘了孩子和成人读书的场景。再根据本段“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but ．．．”的转折关系可推之，这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但是它们记录了我们都能理解的时刻。故relate to在此处表示“理解，认识到”，故选A。 　(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读C)Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the ide