广东省广州2023-2024学年沪教牛津版（广州沈阳通用）七年级英语下册期中语法讲义

( 七年级下期中复习讲义语法篇 ) The Definite Article ( 知识要点 ) 定冠词既表示“这个”，“那个”，又表示“这些”，“那些”;既可用在单数名词前，也可用于复数名词前。 冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。 I. a/an的用法： 1 指一类人或事，相当于a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly. 2 第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A boy is waiting for you. 3 表示“每一”相当于every，one We study eight hours a day. 4 表示“相同”相当于the same We are nearly of an age. 5 用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out That boy is rather a Lei Feng. 6 用于固定词组中 A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time 7 用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 This room is rather a big one. 8 用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. II. the的用法： 1 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean 2 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 Would you mind opening the door? 3 用于乐器前面 play the violin, play the guitar 4 表示“一家人”或“夫妇” the Greens, the Wangs 5 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前 He is the taller of the two children. 6 上文提到的事物，再次提到 I have a pen,the pen is very beautiful. 7 用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前 He patted me on the shoulder. in the eas 8 用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French III. 零冠词的用法： 1 专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air 2 名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制 I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this? 3 球类，棋类名词前 He likes playing football/chess. 4 与by连用表示交通工具的名词前 by train, by air, by land ( 随堂小练 ) 1. In ______ first photo, the man is playing ______ guitar. A. the; the B. the;/ C. /; a D. A; the 2. As is known to us all, _____ tiger is in _____ danger of becoming extinct （灭绝的）. A. the; a B. the; / C. a; / D. /; the 3. _____ man playing_______ piano just celebrated his______ fortieth birthday. A. The;/;/ B. A; /; the C. The; the; the D. The;the; / 4. ----Could you tell me the way to____ Greens', please? ----Sorry, we don' t have_____ Green here in the village. A. the; the B. t