Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land 一轮复习语法课件-2024届高三英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Unit 5 过去分词做状语和表语 1 We will learn the past partiple. Are you ready? Let's go. 导学 自学 汉译英 1．Eliza made great progress, because the two gentlemen taught her. ______________________________________________________ 2．As Susan was bitten by the snake,she was in great danger. ______________________________________________________ 3．As he was punished by the boss, he was in a bad mood. ______________________________________________________ 互学 Check your answers in groups.. 展学 Show your answers actively. 教学 Say something difficult about key words and the exercises. 一、定义 过去分词做表语和状语过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式。从语法功能上分析,过去分词兼有动词,形容词或副词的特性,可在句中做定语,表语,宾语补足语或状语。过去分词通常与其逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系,表示被动或完成。 1. 过去分词做表语 (1)过去分词做表语的功能过去分词可放在系动词 be,get,feel,remain,seem,look,become 等之后做表语,表示主语所处的状态。The door remained locked.门仍然锁着。When we heard of it, we were deeply moved.当听到这件事时,我们被深深地感动了。 (2)过去分词与现在分词做表语的区别 过去分词做表语多表示人自身的感觉,感受或事物自身的状态;现在分词做表语则多表示事物具有的特性,常译为“令人……的”。 He became discouraged.他泄气了。 The situation proves encouraging.形势是令人鼓舞的。 (3)过去分词做表语时与被动语态的区别 “be +过去分词”表示状态时,是系表结构,此时分词通常已形容词化;表示动作时,是被动语态,且绝大多数被动结构中的动作执行者由介词 by 引出。 The book is well written.(系表结构,强调主语所处的状态)这本书写得很好。 The book was written by a soldier.(被动语态,强调主语所承受的动作)这本书是一位战士写的。 2.过去分词(短语)做状语 过去分词(短语)做状语可以表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等,它的逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语,过去分词与主语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系。 (1)过去分词(短语)做状语的功能 ①做时间状语相当于一个时间状语从句。 Once published, the dictionary will be very popular.(Once published = Once it is published) 一旦出版,这本词典将大受欢迎。 ②做原因状语相当于一个原因状语从句。Lost in thought, I didn't notice what was happening outside,(Lost in thought = Because I was lost in thought)由于陷入了沉思,我没注意到外面发生了什么。 ③做条件状语相当于一个条件状语从句。 Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.(Given another hour = If I am given another hour)如果再给我一个小时,我也能把这道题算出来。 相当于一个让步状语从句。 Beaten by the opposite team, we didn't lose heart and encouraged each other.(Beaten by the opposite team =Though we were beaten by the opposite team)虽然被对手打败了,但我们并没有灰心,而是相互鼓励。 ⑤做方式或伴随状语 可以转换成一个并列句。 The old man got on the bus, supported by a girl.(supp