专题1.解题技巧（细节理解题、词义猜测题）-冲刺2024届中考英语词汇、考点汇总与解题技巧（湖南中考专用）

解题技巧--细节理解题、词义猜测题 细节理解题 1..细节理解题主要的设问方式 ①Which of the following is true/not true? ②Which of the following is mentioned/not mentioned in the passage? ③Which of the following statements is true according to this passage? ④Which of the following best describes...? ⑤Which of the following shows/gives the right relationship /position of...? ⑥When/Where/Why/Who/What/How...? 3.细节理解题的解题技巧 所谓“事实细节”是指在阅读理解的短文中客观存在的事实。事实细节一般都可以在原文中找到。当然,有的试题还得对原文所提供的事实去伪存真,进行一定程度的比较,才能做出正确的选择。 (1)搜寻直接答案的阅读技巧 首先从问题入手,准确理解题目含义,先明确要查找什么具体信息,如:考查时间(when)还是考查原因(why),再带着具体问题阅读文章。如果所提问题是文章中现成的内容(即直接性答案),就可采用浏览式阅读,直接搜寻答案。 例Being able to speak a foreign language is one of the most useful skills I have ever learned. It has allowed me to meet new people and learn so much about different cultures and traditions. In this way, it has helped me to open my eyes and my mind to everything that is going on in the world, rather than just in the UK. Where is the writer from?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.China. B.Germany. C.France. D.The UK. (2)搜寻间接答案的阅读技巧 ①读文章所给的问题,判断哪些题目可以依靠通读来解决。比如概括文章主题,给无标题文章选标题,指出作者的思想观点、意图等的题目就需要依靠通读来解决。 ②用较短的时间大体上浏览一下阅读材料,注意文章有可能涉及什么内容,属于什么体裁,以及文章的大体结构、重点分布等。 ③一般来说,文章第一段或前几句包含着作者的基本思想和下文的发展线索。认真阅读文章的第一段或前几句,抓住其中的重要信息,有助于把握全文发展的脉络。 ④利用段落的开头句和结尾句。据估计,英语中大部分阐述性文章段落的开头为主题句,表达出该段的主题思想。有时开头句主题思想不明确,这时主题思想在结尾句中则很可能提出。从段落的开头句和结尾句中常常能很快地找到段落的主题。 ⑤充分利用结尾段的作用。多数文章的结尾段具有特殊意义。作者一般在结尾段对前几段做总结,下结论,表达自己的观点和立场。结尾段(句)一般与开头段(句)相呼应,将文章的首段(句)和结尾段(句)联系起来,往往可以有效地把握全文的中心思想。 练习 一 Whether yellow, red or white, the onion is a vegetable that you may not know well. The list of its uses in cooking is endless. People have used onions to add flavor (味道) to their foods for thousands of years. Besides onions’ great taste, they are very good for you. They have special chemicals (化学物质) that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease. No matter how good onions are for you, it is difficult to cut an onion without your eyes filling with tears! When you cut into an onion, irritating (刺激性的