Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 单元复习知识清单-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

UNIT4 知识清单 一、词汇派生 1.endure vt. 忍耐；忍受；持续；持久 →endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力 →enduring adj. 持久的；耐久的 2.qualify vt. 取得资格(或学历)；合格；使合格；使具备资格 →qualified adj. 符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等) →qualification n．资格；资历；资格证 3.enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的 →enthusiasm n. 热情；热心 4.assign vt. 分派；布置；分配 →assignment n．工作；任务；布置；分派 5.abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 →abandoned adj.被抛弃的；被遗弃的 6.persevere vi.坚持；孜孜以求 →perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神 7.resolve vi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念 →resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定 8.cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的 →cruelty n．残酷；残忍 9.furnish vt.布置家具 →furnished adj.配备好家具的 →furniture n. 家具 10.apply v．(通常以书面形式)申请，请求；使用；应用；涂；敷；施 →application n．申请；请求；应用 →applicant n．申请者 二、一词多义 application n. ①His application to the court for bail (保释金) has been refused.(申请) ②The invention would have a wide rangeof applications in industry.(应用) ③It took three applications of paint to cover the graffiti.(涂抹) 三、知识要点 1.However，when I applied to join the expedition， Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified. 然而，当我申请加入探险队时，沙克尔顿拒绝了我，因为他认为我太年轻，不合格。 (1)turn sb. down 拒绝(某人) [例 1]I am afraid our boss will turn me down. 我害怕我老板会拒绝我。 [例 2]He has been turned down for ten jobs so far.  到目前为止他申请的十份工作都遭到了拒绝。 [造句]你认为我应该拒绝他的报价吗？ Do you think I should turn down his offer? [知识拓展] turn down  调小 turn up   出现；到场；开大；调高音量 turn around/round   转身 turn out...   证明是；结果是 turn to... 转向；求助于；查阅 turn over   翻转；移交 turn on/off   打开/关闭(开关) turn in   上交 turn into   变成 ①I thanked him for the offer but turned it down． ②It turned out that she was a friend of my sister. ③He would turn up at meetings. [小片段填空]　用turn短语填空 The party was almost over, but Jane still didn't turn up. Tom was very disappointed. He didn't know why Jane didn't turn down his invitation if she didn't want to come. He turned over the bottles on the tables，and the rest guests left the hall in shock.  (2)qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)  [例1]The government has given qualified support to the idea.  政府对这一想法给予了适当的支持。 [例2]Demand has far outstripped supply of qua