名词性从句讲解学案 2024届高考英语一轮复习

高三语法复习三:名词性从句 定义:在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses)。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语(动词宾语或介词宾语)、表语、同位语等,因此,根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 I.引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类: 连词: that (无任何词意),whether,if (均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性), as if,as though (均表示“好像”,“似乎”;用于引导表语从句) 连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever whose, which, whichever 连接副词: when, where, how, why 一、主语从句 1. 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词 that,whether,和连接代词 what,who, which, whatever,whoever 以及连接副词 how,when,where,why等词引导。that在句中无词义,只起连接作用,主语从句中that不能省略;连接代词和连接副词 在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。 Eg:That he will succeed is certain. What he wants to tell us is not clear. It is known to us how he became a writer. 2.有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it 代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下: (1) It is +名词+ 从句 It is a fact that ... 事实是... It is an honor that .…非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 It’s a pity that... 很遗憾,很可惜 Eg:It is an honor that I could deliver a lecture on the current market trend. (2) It is +形 容 词 + 从 句 It is natural that... 很自然… It is strange that... 奇怪的是 其他词如important, necessary...等. Eg:It is strange that I like to do my homework. (3)It is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that.. 似乎.. It happened that.. 碰巧... It appears that … 似乎.. Eg:It seems that he is not quite himself today.他似乎今天不太对劲儿。 (4)It +过去分词+从句 It is reported that.. 据报道 .It has been proved that...已证实. It is said that..据说... It is estimated that...据估计 It is believed that...人们相信 Eg:It is said that practice makes perfect. 3.What的重要考点 1)当名从本身缺主、宾、表且指物时,翻译成“所 …… 的”(常考单词achieve, speak,do,say, discuss) eg: What we discussed most was staying united to combat the pandemic. 我们谈论最多的就是团结一致,共同抗疫。 2)what+n. 位于名从之首,回归本意"什么"eg:I wonder what book he likes best. 3)What+adj+n. 位于名从之首表感叹 eg:He realised what great difficulty he was facing. 4. is known to us that light goes faster than sound. is known to us is that light goes faster than sound. is known to us, light goes faster than sound. A. What B.It C.Which D.As 二、 宾语从句 名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句,表语从句