2024年中考英语二轮复习语法专项：定语从句课件

2024中考英语二轮复习 语法专项 定语从句 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。定语从句通常置于它修饰的名词或代词之后,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 1. 概念 2. 关系词 引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。分为两类:关系代词 (that, which, who, whom, whose)和关系副词(when, where, why)。 定语从句 3. 关系代词的用法 关系代词 指代对象 所作成分 that 人或物 主语或宾语 which 物 主语或宾语 who 人 主语或宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人或物 定语 e.g. The boy that / who / whom you saw yesterday came here again this morning. This is the professor who / that taught me chemistry in 1980. The film that / which we saw at Hongxing Cinema was very interesting. The park which / that was built five years ago is still beautiful. Do you know the girl whose father is a famous doctor? 1) 关系词只能用that的情况 ①当先行词是 all, little, much, none, few, something, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。如: As we all know, all that can be done should be done. ②先行词前面有the only, the very, the last 等修饰时。如: This is the only book that I can find. ③当先行词前有序数词或最高级修饰时。如: This is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen. ④当先行词既有人又有物时。如: I have never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now. ⑤当先行词前面有all, any, no等限定词时。如: All the gifts that you received yesterday should be put away. ⑥当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如: Which is the book that you like best? 2) 关系词只能用which的情况: ①关系代词作介词的宾语时,用“介词+which”结构。 如: This is the place in which I grew up. ②如果先行词本身是that或those时,只能用which。 如: Those which are on the desk are English books. ③引导非限制性定语从句指物时,多用which。如: The pens, which they borrowed just now, are mine. 4. 由who, whom或whose引导的定语从句 ① 当先行词指人时,定语从句可以由who或whom来引导。who在定语从句中既可以作主语,也可以作宾语。whom在定语从句中作宾语。作宾语时,who或whom可以省略。如: The girl who often helps me with my English is from England. I want to find the woman (who / whom) I talked with in the square a few minutes ago. ② whose在定语从句中作定语。它引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词既可以指人,也可以指物。如: The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard. I like the magazine whose cover is white and black. 5. 关系副词的用法(了解即可) 1) when表示时间,在从句中作时间状语。如: I still remember the year when you graduated from No. 8 Middle School. 2) where表示地点,在从句中作地点状语。如: That is the school where I stud