专题02 记叙文（阅读理解）-2024年高考二轮复习满分策略精讲通关练

专题02 记叙文通关练 1. 记叙文解题策略 2. 名校优选专项通关练 【解题策略】 考生在做阅读理解题时，不仅要看懂文章的字面意思，还要针对不同的文章题材和体裁的篇目特点运用正确的解题方法和技巧。同时了解记叙文的写作特点与命题特点也是有必要的。 从体裁特点看：记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程和发展的文体。人物传记、小说、寓言及记叙性散文等都属于记叙文的范畴。 从内容特点看：记叙文从内容上一般分为两种，一种是“叙事抒情”，通过事情的叙述描写抒发情感；还有一种是通过事情的叙述说明一定的道理，即“叙事说理” 从写作顺序看：记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序展开。最后常用一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟。 从命题形式看：常见的有细节理解题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题、推理判断题、写作意图题等题型。记叙文的阅读理解题要求考生能理解记叙文的顺序与所讲的故事情节，能准确把握人物的情感态度和作者的写作目的。 从命题顺序看：记叙文的命题顺序一般采用题文同序法，按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进。 以下集中是常见的阅读方法和解题技巧， 1. 跳读法：即快速通读全文，弄清六要素和记叙的顺序，特别注意文章中所提到的多个事件、地点和人物，理清楚事件的起因、经过和结果。在这个过程中，一般先看文章的开头和结尾，读懂抒情或说理的句子，即理解了文章的主题。 2. 题干定位法：阅读题干，在文章中查找相关的信息。 3. 精读法：根据查找到的相关信息做出正确的选择。如果文中涉及较多人物，要弄清楚人物之间的关系。 【名校优选专项通关练】 1. （2023·江苏盐城·高三校联考） I used to live in Southern Africa and recently went back to Botswana to visit the Central Kalahari Game Reserve with my friend Oscar. Why? Because there’s nothing quite like the vast African wilderness... Our jeep moved slowly along the too-hot-to-touch sand. With no air conditioner and an engine which might break down at any time, it was tough work. The dry heat was fierce and the only break came from using our precious water for brief bucket showers. With no supplies available within the park—it was a sort of no man’s land which was inhabited by the occasional cow — it is necessary to bring all your fuel, food and water with you. We camped in a small place in the center of the woods. At the height of the dry season, leaves in the trees had all fallen down, shade was in scant supply, so we placed ourselves near a leaf less tree. As the sun set, we drove towards the watering hole a few miles away, and were reminded just why we’d chosen to spend weeks suffering this exercise on ourselves. A lone lion paused his lapping to acknowledge our arrival. He yawned, and then carried on drinking. That night, sleeping on the roof of the jeep, we felt his shouting as much as heard it. Those vast African skies offered the only indication th