专题15 阅读理解说明文16篇80题（真题+模拟）-备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题分类汇编 （天津专用）

《备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题分类汇编》（天津专用） 专题15 阅读理解说明文16篇80题（真题+模拟）原卷版 冲刺备考名师提醒： 一、阅读理解说明文细节理解题注意落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”技巧。 二、数据计算题注重“原文定位”和“细节理解”，弄清来龙去脉再计算。 三、重视说明文“倒三角形”结构，特别是首段和段首的独特作用。 四、标题概括题重视三性：概括性、简洁性和新颖性；同时联系首段和关键词。 五、说明文长难句较多增加了理解的难度，落实“括号法”，（从句）（非谓语） （介词短语）（名词短语）。 真题专区：练真题，明方向，补漏洞，提能力 （2023·天津·统考高考真题）Most people with good sense would accept that we can and should learn from accidental failures. It would be impossible to progress in anything, after all, without taking the occasional misstep. And by understanding how we slipped, we can avoid falling in the future. Few would advocate making intentional mistakes, however. Yet consciously erring (犯错) can promote deeper understanding and better recall. The phenomenon is known as the derring effect — coming from “deliberate (故意的) erring” — and when applied properly, it may bring benefits in many unexpected areas of life. In one experiment carried out at the National University of Singapore, participants were given the task of learning concepts on a difficult subject. For some terms, they simply copied out the correct definition; for others, they were asked to first add an error in their description of the term before  correcting the mistake. Naturally, you would expect the addition of the errors to have increased unwanted confusion. Yet the exact opposite was true: the participants who made deliberate errors learned about twice as much as the people who simply copied out the correct definitions. The derring effect could be applied in other situations. So a music teacher may find the addition of deliberate errors could help a student remember the right musical notes. Such a playful approach could fuel their creativity for composition, if the student looks for ways to develop those wrong notes into something more attractive. It is encouraging to discover that by readily accepting our errors and wisely placing ourselves in the way of being wrong, we can in fact overcome weaknesses and rise stronger. The derring effect could be usefu